Both straight and curved waveguides are written in a variety of silicate glasses using near-IR femtosecond laser pulses. Writing parameters identified that produce support only single mode yield smooth-mode profiles. The pulse-induced refractive index change is reconstructed from near-field profile data the scalar wave equation by profiling. Waveguide propagation losses determined throughput Fabry-Perot resonator measurements. coarse fine period gratings characterized, thermal stability...

A near-IR (775 nm) femtosecond laser has been used to directly write a 1 cm long optical waveguide in Nd-doped silicate glass. gain of 1.5 dB/cm was obtained at signal wavelength 1054 nm for ~346 mW 514 pump power, front the input coupling objective.

We demonstrate that the chalcogenide glasses possess large nonlinearities can enable compact Raman amplifiers as well fiber lasers and in mid‐IR. These high also allow efficient supercontinuum generation, which is useful for broadband sources near materials be poled to induce an effective χ (2) , opening up potential of waveguide parametric sources. The Brillouin gain coefficients are relatively demonstration slow light small core fibers. Results lead a figure merit about 140 times larger,...

Anti-reflective surfaces structures (ARSS) have been successfully fabricated on fused silica windows, lenses and fibers, spinel ceramics. The reflection loss for was reduced from 7% per surface to 0.9%. For with ARSS, the 0.02% near 1 µm. Pulsed laser damage thresholds at 1.06 µm were measured as high 100 J/cm2 obtained windows of up 10 cm in diameter ARSS 850 fibers end faces. Spinel samples showed more than two times higher that traditional AR coatings.

We demonstrate microstructuring of chalcogenide fiber end faces in order to obtain enhanced transmission due the antireflective properties microstructured surfaces. A variety molding approaches have been investigated for As(2)S(3) and As(2)Se(3) fibers. Transmission as high 97% per facet was obtained case fiber, compared native, Fresnel-loss limited, 83%. The potential hydrophobic character also demonstrated by increasing contact angle water droplets greater than 120°.

Stimulated Brillouin scattering was investigated for the first time in As(2)S(3) single-mode fibers, and also As(2)Se(3). The propagation loss numerical aperture of fibers at 1.56 mum, along with threshold intensity stimulated process were measured. From values we estimate gain coefficient demonstrate record figure merit slow-light based applications chalcogenide fibers.

We report, for the first time, laser oscillation from 2% Ho3+:Lu2O3 hot pressed ceramic. have synthesized optical quality Lu2O3 nano-powders doped with concentrations as high 5% Ho3+. The powders were by a co-precipitation method beginning nitrates of holmium and lutetium. into ceramic discs. transmission discs is excellent, nearly approaching theoretical limit. optical, spectral morphological properties well preliminary lasing performance highly transparent ceramics are presented.

In this paper, we propose using chalcogenide glasses for improved, large-angle, beam steering of infrared radiation, with minimal spectral dispersion and improved thermal performance over wavelength intervals covering the 2 to 12-μm range. For example, evaluate that full-angle in 5 μm region LiF/As2S3 combination should be three times smaller than case LiF/ZnS combination. We also ZnSe/As2Se3 will provide twice as small walk-off a similar ZnS/Ge system 8 region.

Intrinsic bistability and hysteresis have been observed in the photoluminescence of bulk glass doped with Yb3+ Tm3+ impurities at room temperature. Multiple instabilities also occur channel waveguide lasers this material. Consequently, local field effects exhibit more degrees freedom than expected important implications for compact optical amplifiers oscillators.

We demonstrate microstructuring of chalcogenide fiber facets in order to obtain enhanced transmission due the antireflective properties microstructured surfaces. A variety molding approaches have been investigated for As2S3 and As3Se3 fibers. Transmission as high 97% per facet was obtained case fiber, compared native, Fresnel-loss limited, 83%.

It has been experimentally observed that moth-eye antireflective microstructures at the end of As2S3 fibers have an increased laser damage threshold relative to thin-film coatings. In this work, we computationally study irradiance enhancement in order explain threshold. We show occurs mostly on air side interfaces and is minimal material. give a physical explanation for behavior.

In this paper, we present our recent results in developing cladded-single crystal fibers for high power single frequency fiber lasers significantly exceeding the capabilities of existing silica based lasers. This laser would not only exploit advantages crystals, namely their temperature stability, thermal conductivity, superior environmental ruggedness, propensity rare earth ion doping and low nonlinearity, but will also provide benefits from an optical geometry to enable better management...

A ytterbium-doped, glass, channel waveguide laser, fabricated by ion exchange, is reported. The 2.2 cm long device, using broad-band 4% output couplers, lased in the vicinity from 1020 to 1030 nm when pumped a Ti:sapphire laser operating at 910 nm. lasing threshold of 50 mW (launched pump) and slope efficiency 5% were measured. Device parameters, including fluorescence lifetimes, emission absorption cross sections, propagation losses, mode profiles experimentally determined performance was...

Efficient inscription of Fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) in single-mode, thin cladding As(2)S(3) fibers is demonstrated by using near bandgap light at 532 nm. The FBGs with the reflectivity over 80% can be induced only 80-90 s, substantially faster than previous reports. dynamics grating growth are investigated photosensitivity process, showing a fast blue shift wavelength and then somewhat slower red shift. aging after fabrication also reported, indicating 37% decay strength.

In almost any given day, one will stumble upon sounds that are out of the ordinary, distinct enough to capture one’s attention. Ordinary in a home represented by white-noise-like background created speaking, moving around, household appliances running, and so forth. The ordinary is sparkling sound knife blade or fork, clinking glasses, dropping coin bowl. With help smartphone an app can provide basic analysis, we identify what makes be and, process, learn more about hear. It has already been...

We report results for antireflective surface structures (ARSS) fabricated directly into the of optics and lenses which are important as high energy (multi-kW) laser components, including fused silica windows lenses, YAG crystals ceramics spinel ceramics. Very low reflection losses well damage thresholds have been measured with ARSS. Progress to scale up process large size will also be presented..

Fused silica, YAG crystals, and spinel ceramics substrates have been successfully patterned through reactive ion etching (RIE). Reflection losses as low 0.1% demonstrated for fused silica at 1.06 microns. Laser damage thresholds measured with ARSS compared uncoated and/or thin-film anti-reflection (AR) coated substrates. Thresholds high 100 J/cm² in microns, showing improved when

Fresnel reflectivity at dielectric boundaries between optical components, lenses, and windows is a major issue for the optics community. The most common method to reduce index mismatch subsequent surface reflection apply thin film or films of intermediate indices materials. More recently, texturing roughening has been shown approximate stepwise refractive thin-film structure, with gradient refraction transition from bulk material surrounding medium. Short-pulse laser ablation...