A5009785107- Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Digestive system and related health
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Gut microbiota and health
- Diabetes and associated disorders
- Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics
- Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Microbial Metabolic Engineering and Bioproduction
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Erythrocyte Function and Pathophysiology
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- Maternal and fetal healthcare
- melanin and skin pigmentation
- Mental Health Research Topics
- Viral Infectious Diseases and Gene Expression in Insects
- thermodynamics and calorimetric analyses
- Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
Yale University
2022-2025
Weizmann Institute of Science
2018-2025
Pregnancy and delivery involve dynamic alterations in many physiological systems. However, the dynamics during pregnancy after have not been systematically analyzed at high temporal resolution a large human population. Here, we present of 76 lab tests based on cross-sectional analysis 44 million measurements from over 300,000 pregnancies. We each test weekly intervals 20 weeks preconception to 80 postpartum, providing detailed profiles. About half take 3 months year return baseline...
Article16 July 2020Open Access Transparent process A new model for the HPA axis explains dysregulation of stress hormones on timescale weeks Omer Karin orcid.org/0000-0002-9426-5362 Department Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute Science, Rehovot, Israel Search more papers by this author Moriya Raz Avichai Tendler Alon Bar Yael Korem Kohanim Tomer Milo Uri Corresponding Author [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0003-1121-5907 Information Karin1, Raz1, Tendler1, Bar1, Kohanim1, Milo1 and...
Significance We provide a dataset of millions hormone tests from medical records that shows seasonality with winter−spring peak in hormones for reproduction, growth, metabolism, and stress adaptation. Together long history studies on human function the indicates that, like other animals, humans may have physiological season basic biological functions. further use specific seasonal phases to suggest model circannual clock animals can keep track seasons, similar spirit circadian keeps time day.
Bacterial growth follows simple laws in constant conditions. However, bacteria nature often face fluctuating environments. We therefore ask whether there are that apply to changing derive a law for upshifts using an optimal resource-allocation model: the post-shift rate equals geometrical mean of pre-shift and on saturating carbon. test this chemostat batch culture experiments, as well previous data from several species. The increase after upshift indicates ribosomes have spare capacity...
Highlights•Multi-tasking theory explains continuum gene-expression within a cell type•Enterocytes show 1D expression and trade-off between three tasks•Hepatocytes 3D four complexes of liver tasks•Spatial zonation task-specialist cells arises from task-performance gradientsSummarySingle-cell gene reveals the diversity differentiated type. Often, same type patterns. The origin such patterns is unclear. To address this, we develop to understand how provides division labor in tissue which...
Experiences trigger transgenerational small RNA-based responses in C. elegans nematodes. Dedicated machinery ensures that heritable effects are reset, but how the segregate population is unknown. We show isogenic individuals differ dramatically persistence of responses. By examining lineages more than 20,000 worms, three principles emerge: (1) The silencing each mother initiates distributed evenly among her descendants; RNAi dissipates uniform every generation. (2) Differences between arise...
Antibiotic effectiveness depends on a variety of factors. While many mechanistic details antibiotic action are known, the connection between death rate and bacterial physiology is poorly understood. A common observation that in antibiotics rises linearly with growth rate; however, it remains unclear how other factors, such as environmental conditions whole-cell physiological properties, affect bactericidal activity. To address this, we developed high-throughput assay to precisely measure...
Some endocrine organs are frequent targets of autoimmune attack. Here, we addressed the origin disease from viewpoint feedback control. Endocrine tissues maintain mass through loops that balance cell proliferation and removal according to hormone-driven regulatory signals. We hypothesized existence a dedicated mechanism detects removes mutant cells missense signal therefore hyperproliferate hypersecrete with potential disrupt organismal homeostasis. In this mechanism, hypersecreting...
Reconstructing gene expression atlases for human tissues is challenging due to limited access healthy samples from live donors. Neurologically deceased donors often show ischemic changes, while near diseased regions may have altered expression. The liver, with its unique regenerative capacity, allows analysis (LHDs). Using spatial transcriptomics (Visum, Visium HD and MERFISH), we analyzed 16 liver samples: eight young LHDs patients pathology, sampling adjacent normal tissue. LHD livers...
Abstract Pregnancy involves dynamic alterations in most physiological systems. Delivery initiates a transition to postpartum recovery, which similarly exhibits widespread changes. Physiological dynamics during pregnancy and after delivery have not been systematically analyzed at high temporal resolution large human population. Here, we present atlas of 78 laboratory tests with weekly time resolution, spanning the period from 20 weeks pre-conception until 80 postpartum, totaling 45 million...
Abstract Stress activates a complex network of hormones known as the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis. The HPA axis is dysregulated in chronic stress and psychiatric disorders, but origin this dysregulation unclear cannot be explained by current models. To address this, we developed new mathematical model for that incorporates changes total functional mass hormone-secreting glands. are caused which act growth factors glands We find shows property dynamical compensation, where gland...
Abstract The intestinal epithelium is replaced every few days 1 . Enterocytes are shed into the gut lumen predominantly from tips of villi 3,4 , and believed to rapidly die upon their dissociation tissue. However, technical limitations prohibited studying cellular states fates cells. Here, we used bulk single cell RNA sequencing mouse fecal washes demonstrate that epithelial cells remain viable up-regulate distinct anti-microbial programs shedding. We further identify abundant shedding...
Abstract Hormones are regulatory molecules that impact physiological functions. Much is known about individual hormones, but general rules connect the logic of different hormone systems limited. In this study, we analyzed a range human using mathematical approach to integrate knowledge on endocrine cells, target tissues and regulation, uncover unifying principles circuits. We find number cells in an gland proportional its tissues, as one single cell serves approximately 2000 cells....
Summary Bacterial growth depends on numerous reactions, and yet follows surprisingly simple laws that inspired biologists for decades. Growth until now primarily dealt with steady-state exponential in constant conditions. However, bacteria nature often face fluctuating environments, nutritional upshifts downshifts. We therefore ask whether there are apply to changing environments. derive a law strong using an optimal resource-allocation model was previously calibrated at growth: the...
Pregnancy involves dynamic alterations in most physiological systems. Delivery initiates a transition to postpartum recovery, which similarly exhibits widespread changes. Physiological dynamics during pregnancy and after delivery have not been systematically analyzed at high temporal resolution large human population. Here, we present atlas of 78 laboratory tests with weekly time resolution, spanning the period from 20 weeks pre-conception until 80 postpartum, totaling 45 million...
The fundamental models underlying hormonal physiological regulation and homeostasis remain poorly understood. We aimed to derive quantitative evidence regarding these from the study of population data balance points different parameters their respective controlling hormones. studied slopes correlations between concentrations circulating free thyroxine thyrotropin, calcium parathyroid hormone, hemoglobin erythropoietin, glucose insulin in such data, as well limbs various feedback loops...
Abstract In this study we identify unifying design principles in human endocrine systems. We find that 43 hormone systems, controlling diverse physiological functions, fall into 5 classes of circuits with shared structure – thus only a small number the possible actually occur. Each class uses different regulatory logic to perform specific dynamical such as homeostasis, acute input-output response or adjustable set points. The employ interactions on two timescales: secretion scale...
By analysing data from Israeli health records, including millions of hormone blood tests, the authors find peaks during winter−spring in circulating levels all primary hormones involved human growth, stress, metabolism and reproduction. contrast, pituitary-derived regulatory peak summer. This circannual clock impacts on function; endocrine gland masses grow with a timescale months due to trophic effects pituitary hormones, generating feedback circuit natural frequency about year according seasons.