In a previous paper, the University of Arizona (UA) has developed measurement technique called: Software Configurable Optical Test System (SCOTS) based on principle reflection deflectometry. this we present results very efficient optical metrology method applied to X-ray mirrors. We used measure surface slope errors with precision and accuracy better than 100 nrad (rms) ~200 (rms), respectively, lateral resolution few mm or less. calibration systems, discuss their address in measuring...

Laser trackers have been developed that project laser beams and use optical systems to provide three dimensional coordinate measurements. The incorporate a servo system steer beam so it tracks retro-reflector, such as corner cube. line of sight gimbal angles the radial distance retroreflector are used determine coordinates relative tracker. In this paper, we explore tracker define metrology for aligning systems, including mirrors windows. We discuss how optimize geometry take advantage...

A software configurable optical test system (SCOTS) based on deflectometry was developed at the University of Arizona for rapidly, robustly, and accurately measuring precision aspheric freeform surfaces. SCOTS uses a camera with an external stop to realize Hartmann in reverse. With as reference, coordinate machine can be used calibrate geometry high accuracy. Systematic errors from are carefully investigated controlled. Camera pupil imaging aberration is removed aperture stop. Imaging other...

A software configurable optical test system (SCOTS) based on fringe reflection was implemented for measuring the primary mirror segments of Giant Magellan Telescope (GMT). The uses modulated patterns an LCD monitor as source, and captures data with a CCD camera calibrated imaging optics. large dynamic range SCOTS provides good measurement regions slopes that cannot be captured reliably interferometry. So principal value GMT is to provide accurate measurements extend clear edge glass, even...

Current metrology tools have limitations when measuring rough aspherical surfaces with 1-2 μm root mean square roughness; thus, the surface cannot be shaped accurately by grinding. To improve accuracy of grinding, scanning long-wave optical test system (SLOTS) has been developed to measure quickly and high spatial resolution low cost. It is a infrared deflectometry device consisting heated metal ribbon an uncooled thermal imaging camera. A slope repeatability 13.6 μrad root-mean-square 31 nm...

We present a novel model-free iterative data-processing approach that improves surface reconstruction accuracy for deflectometry tests of unknown surfaces. This new processing method iteratively reconstructs the surface, leading to reduced error in final reconstructed surface. The was implemented system, and freeform tested compared interferometric test results. departure from results 15.80 μm RMS with model-based down 5.20 technique reported here.

Production of segments for the Giant Magellan Telescope is well underway at Steward Observatory Mirror Lab. We report on completion first 8.4 m off-axis segment, casting second and preparations manufacture remaining segments. The complete set infrastructure serial production in place, including furnace, two capacity grinding polishing machines, a 28 test tower that incorporates four independent measurement systems. with 14 mm p-v aspheric departure, by some measures most challenging...

Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope (formerly known as Advanced Technology Telescope) will be the largest optical solar telescope ever built to provide greatly improved image, spatial and spectral resolution collect sufficient light flux of Sun. To meet requirements design adopted a 4m aperture off-axis parabolic primary mirror with challenging specifications surface quality including figure, irregularity BRDF. The has been completed at College Optical Sciences in University Arizona it meets...

The Slope-Measuring Portable Optical Test System (SPOTS) is a new, portable, high-resolution, deflectometry device that achieves mid to high (20 1000 cyc/m) spatial frequency optical surface metrology with very little filtering and noise. Using proof of concept system, we achieved 1 nm RMS accuracy for frequencies, 300 nrad slope precision. SPOTS offers turnkey solution measuring errors on wide variety surfaces including the large mirrors fabricated at University Arizona. This paper defines...

Telescopes with very large diameter or wide fields require convex secondary mirrors that may be many meters in diameter. The optical surfaces for these can manufactured to the accuracy limited by surface metrology. We have developed metrology systems are specifically optimized measuring aspheric surfaces. Large aperture vibration insensitive sub-aperture Fizeau interferometer combined stitching software give high resolution measurements. global shape is corroborated a coordinate machine...

New developments in fabrication and testing techniques at the College of Optical Sciences, University Arizona have allowed successful completion 1.4-m diameter convex off-axis aspherics. The optics with up to 300 μm aspheric departure were finished using a new method computer controlled polishing measured two optical tests: Swingarm CMM (SOC) Fizeau interferometer spherical reference surface CGH correction. This paper shows methods equipment used for manufacturing these surfaces.

The pentaprism test is based on the property of a paraboloidal surface where all rays parallel to optical axis will go through its focal point. We have developed scanning system that exploits this geometry measure off-axis mirrors such as those for Giant Magellan Telescope primary mirror. Extension requires special attention field effects can be ignored in measurement an axisymmetric was demonstrated 1. -m diameter mirror and proved about 50nm rms accuracy. This paper gives detailed...

On the basis of improved Stillinger–Weber potential model, growth process an indium nitride (InN) film on a gallium (GaN) substrate has been simulated by molecular dynamics. The effects conditions, including incident energy, polarity surface GaN substrate, temperature, and deposited N:In atomic ratio, quality InN have investigated. We find that atoms with high energy mobility, which significantly improves structures protrusions pits film, thereby enhancing quality. However, too enhances...

Swing arm optical CMM (SOC), a profilometer with distance measuring interferometric probe for in situ measurement of the topography aspheric has been used highly mirrors performance rivaling full aperture tests. Recently, we implemented dual self calibration mode SOC. Data from probes can be to calibrate swing-arm air bearing errors since both see same while different portions test surface. Bearing are reconstructed shear signal modal estimation.

SCOTS (Software Configurable Optical Test System) is a high-precision slope measurement technique based on deflectometry. It utilizes well-calibrated commercial LCD screen and diffraction-limited camera to provide high dynamic range, non-contact full-field metrology of reflective/refractive optics accuracy but low cost. Recently, we applied this method the fabrication primary mirror Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope (DKIST), which 4.2 meter off-axis parabolic segment with more than 8 mm...

Segment production for the Giant Magellan Telescope is well underway, with off-axis 1 completed, Segments 2 and 3 already cast, mold construction in progress casting of 4, center segment. All equipment techniques required segment fabrication testing have been demonstrated manufacture 1. The includes a 28 m test tower that incorporates four independent measurements segment's figure geometry. interferometric uses large asymmetric null corrector three elements including 3.75 spherical mirror...

The scanning pentaprism system for testing the 8.4 m off-axis segments Giant Magellan Telescope has recently been completed. uses a fiber source and carriage mounted to scan 40 mm collimated beam across surface of segment under test. Since is parallel optical axis parent mirror, it comes focus on detector at telescope's prime focus, where displacement spot proportional slope error. A second from stationary reference used compensate any changes in relative positions components during testing....

Software Configurable Optical Test System (SCOTS)[1], a computerized "reverse Hartmann test", can rapidly, robustly and quantitatively measure complex 3-dimensional specular surfaces, for instance large segmented solar collectors, faceted automotive headlight reflector or other free-form surfaces.

When defining surface irregularities more often than not it is useful to represent these as slope errors rather errors. However, error specifications are commonly used even though they do accurately performance but simply physical characteristics. An example of measurement technique and specification a method developed by the University Arizona called SCOTS (Software Configurable Optical Test System) which has showed be accurate, while very fast easy setup. It directly measures transverse...

Advanced optical surfacing technologies are applied for the Technology Solar Telescope 4.2 m off-axis primary mirror fabrication. A newly developed Stressed lap and IR deflectometry system demonstrated a highly deterministic manufacturing process.

A 4-mirror prime focus corrector is under development to provide seeing-limited images for the 10-m aperture Hobby- Eberly Telescope (HET) over a 22 arcminute wide field of view. The created by spherical primary mirror are aberrated with 13 arcmin diameter point spread function. University Arizona developing compensate aberrations from and present seeing limited imaged pickoffs fiber-fed spectrographs. requirements this system pose several challenges, including optical fabrication aspheric...

Software Configurable Optical Test System (SCOTS)[1], a computerized "reverse Hartmann test", can rapidly quantitatively measure highly aspherical shapes such as solar collectors, Giant Magellan Telescope (GMT) primary segment with accuracy to micron rms or better without complex calibration. Implementation of SCOTS needs only hardware like laptop computer. It illuminates test surface/system patterns from LCD screen and use reflected/refracted image determine wavefront slope variations.

We present our analysis methodology for a 20.3 cm prototype optical tracker to determine why instabilities occur below 50 Hz and suggest improvements. The Navy Precision Optical Interferometer makes use of six small telescope stations spaced along Y-array synthesize an equivalent single larger telescope. Piezoelectric-driven trackers steer 12.5 output beams from each station optics laboratory up 700 m distant. A percentage this starlight is split off used in closed-loop feedback update the...