Climate change is likely to have large effects on the Baltic Sea ecosystem. Simulations indicate 2–4 °C warming and 50–80 % decrease in ice cover by 2100. Precipitation may increase ~30 north, causing increased land runoff of allochthonous organic matter (AOM) pollutants decreased salinity. Coupled physical–biogeochemical models that, south, bottom-water anoxia spread, reducing cod recruitment increasing sediment phosphorus release, thus promoting cyanobacterial blooms. In heterotrophic...

Summary An extremely acidic (pH 2.5–2.75) metal‐rich stream draining an abandoned mine in the Iberian Pyrite Belt, Spain, was ramified with stratified macroscopic gelatinous microbial growths (‘acid streamers’ or ‘mats’). Microbial communities of streamer/mat sampled at different depths, as well those present water itself, were analysed using a combined biomolecular and cultivation‐based approach. The oxygen‐depleted dominated by chemolithotrophic facultative anaerobe Acidithiobacillus...

Growth media have been developed to facilitate the enrichment and isolation of acidophilic acid-tolerant sulfate-reducing bacteria (aSRB) from environmental industrial samples, allow their cultivation in vitro The main features 'standard' solid liquid devised are as follows: (i) use glycerol rather than an aliphatic acid electron donor; (ii) inclusion stoichiometric concentrations zinc ions both buffer pH convert potentially harmful hydrogen sulphide produced by aSRB insoluble sulphide;...

Increased river loads are projected as one of the major consequences climate change in northern hemisphere, leading to elevated inputs riverine dissolved organic matter (DOM) and inorganic nutrients coastal ecosystems. The objective this study was investigate effects DOM on a pelagic food web from Baltic Sea, 32-day mesocosm experiment. In particular, addresses response bacterioplankton differences character composition supplied DOM. differed stoichiometry quality had pronounced recipient...

A nine year study was carried out on the evolution of macroscopic "acid streamer" growths in acidic, metal-rich mine water from point construction a new channel to drain an abandoned underground copper mine. The became rapidly colonized by acidophilic bacteria: two species autotrophic iron-oxidizers (Acidithiobacillus ferrivorans and "Ferrovum myxofaciens") heterotrophic iron-oxidizer (a novel genus/species with proposed name "Acidithrix ferrooxidans"). same bacteria dominated acid streamer...

Phytoplankton and heterotrophic bacteria are key groups at the base of aquatic food webs. In estuaries receiving riverine water with a high content coloured allochthonous dissolved organic matter (ADOM), phytoplankton primary production may be reduced, while bacterial is favoured. We tested this hypothesis by performing field study in northerly estuary nutrient-poor, ADOM-rich water, analyzing results using multivariate statistics. Throughout productive season, especially during spring river...

Climate change scenarios project that precipitation will increase in northern Europe, causing amplified inflows of terrestrial matter (tM) and inorganic nutrients to coastal areas. How this affect the plankton community is poorly understood. A mesocosm experiment was carried out investigate influence two levels tM inputs on composition, size-structure productivity a natural phytoplankton from Baltic Sea. The addition caused browning water decreased underwater light levels, while...

Abstract Climate change is projected to cause elevated precipitation in northern Europe, leading increased runoff of terrestrial matter coastal areas. The consequences for food web production and ecosystem function remain unclear. A mesocosm experiment was performed investigate the impacts input, using a natural plankton community from Baltic Sea with added young‐of‐the‐year perch as planktivorous top consumer. Addition caused water browning dissolved organic carbon inorganic nutrient...

A field-scale experiment was conducted to evaluate organic carbon amendment of mine tailings as a technique for pore water and drainage treatment. Six test cells were constructed by amending sulfide- carbonate- rich with varied mixtures peat, spent-brewing grain municipal biosolids. Samples collected microbial, geochemical mineralogical analysis approximately three years after commencing this experiment. Test amended promoted sulfate reduction effective removal metal(loid)s. The addition...

1. High-latitude species (and populations within species) are adapted to short and cold summers. They often have high growth development rates fully use the growing season mature before onset of winter. 2. Within context ecological stoichiometry theory, this study combines ecology with evolution by relating latitudinal life-history adaptations their molecular consequences in body nutrient composition Rana temporaria tadpoles. 3. Temperature food quality were manipulated during tadpoles from...

Heterotrophic bacteria are, in many aquatic systems, reliant on autochthonous organic carbon as their energy source. One exception is low-productive humic lakes, where allochthonous dissolved matter (ADOM) the major driver. We hypothesized that bacterial production (BP) similarly regulated subarctic estuaries receive large amounts of riverine material. BP and potential explanatory factors were measured during May–August 2011 Råne Estuary, northern Sweden. The highest was observed spring,...

Coastal ecosystems are highly dynamic and can be strongly influenced by climate change, anthropogenic activities (e.g. pollution) a combination of the two pressures. As result northern hemisphere is predicted to undergo an increased precipitation regime, leading in turn higher terrestrial runoff river inflow. This will transfer dissolved organic matter (tDOM) contaminants coastal waters. Such changes directly influence resident biology, particularly at base food web, partitioning thus their...

A common and established view is that increased inputs of nutrients to the sea, for example via river flooding, will cause eutrophication phytoplankton blooms in coastal areas. We here show this concept may be questioned certain scenarios. Climate change has been predicted inflow freshwater areas northern Europe. River waters these are often brown from presence high concentrations allochthonous dissolved organic carbon (humic carbon), addition nitrogen phosphorus. In study we investigated...

The influence of nutrient availability and light conditions on phytoplankton size-structure, nutritional strategy production was studied in a phosphorus-poor estuary the northern Baltic Sea receiving humic-rich river water. relative biomass mixotrophic nanophytoplankton peaked spring when heterotrophic bacterial high, while autotrophic microphytoplankton had their maximum summer primary displayed highest values. Limiting substance (phosphorus) only showed small temporal variations, day at...

Summary Climate change is projected to cause increased inflow of terrestrial dissolved organic matter coastal areas in northerly regions. Estuarine bacterial community will thereby receive larger loads and inorganic nutrients available for microbial metabolism. The composition the its ecological functions may thus be affected. We studied responses a subarctic estuary northern Baltic Sea, using 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding approach. Betaproteobacteria dominated during spring river flush,...

AbstractAbstractMany heavy metals, such as cadmium, copper and zinc, form highly insoluble sulphides are readily removed from aqueous solution in contact with trace amounts of hydrogen sulphide. Since metal have differing solubility products, it is possible to separate these metals by controlling concentrations the reactant S2−. Hydrogen sulphide a weak acid two dissociation constants (pK1=6·9, pK2≈14), pH may therefore be used control relative anionic products (HS− S2−). Some microorganisms...

Microbes are ubiquitous and often occur in functionally taxonomically complex communities. Unveiling these community dynamics is one of the main challenges microbial research. Combining a robust, cost effective widely used method such as Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (T-RFLP) with Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) (Illumina MiSeq), offers solid alternative for comprehensive assessment Here, two methods were combined study bacterial fungal communities nest mounds ant...

Endothermic organisms can adapt to short growing seasons, low temperatures and nutrient limitation by developing high growth rates gross efficiencies (GGEs). Animals with GGEs are better at assimilating limiting nutrients thus should recycle (or lose) fewer nutrients. Longer guts in relation body mass may facilitate higher GGE under resource limitation. Within the context of ecological stoichiometry theory, this study combines ecology evolution relating latitudinal life-history adaptations...

Biosulfidogenesis (the generation of hydrogen sulfide by microorganisms) in acidic liquors was investigated using two metabolically-distinct bacteria. One a novel acidophilic sulfate-reducing bacterium (isolate CL4) that grew at pH 3.0 and above glycerol as electron donor, the other type strain Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans which grown 2.5 (derived from dissolution metallic iron) donor elemental sulfur acceptor. Both bacteria were pH-controlled bioreactors. Isolate CL4 mediated selective...

Methylmercury (MeHg) is a potent neurotoxin commonly found in aquatic environments and primarily formed by microbial methylation of inorganic divalent mercury (Hg(II)) under anoxic conditions. Recent evidence, however, points to the production MeHg also oxic pelagic waters, but magnitude drivers for this process remain unclear. Here, we performed controlled experiment testing hypothesis that inputs terrestrial dissolved organic matter (tDOM) coastal waters enhance formation via increased...