Abstract Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and metal(loid) (MRGs) coexist in organic fertilized agroecosystems based on their correlations abundance, yet evidence for the genetic linkage of ARG-MRGs co-selected by fertilization remains elusive. Here, an analysis 511 global agricultural soil metagenomes reveals that correlates with a threefold increase number diverse types ARG-MRG-carrying contigs (AMCCs) microbiome (63 types) compared to non-organic soils (22 types). Metatranscriptomic data...

Abstract Shockwave treatment promotes bone healing of nonunion fractures. In this study, we investigated whether effect could be due to adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) release-induced differentiation human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) into osteoprogenitor cells. Cultured marrow-derived hMSCs were subjected shockwave and ATP release was assessed. Osteogenic mineralization evaluated by examining alkaline phosphatase activity, osteocalcin production, calcium nodule formation. Expression P2X7...

Wheat seed development is an important physiological process of maturation and directly affects wheat yield quality. In this study, we performed dynamic transcriptome microarray analysis elite Chinese bread cultivar (Jimai 20) during grain using the GeneChip Genome Array. Grain morphology scanning electron microscope observations showed that period 11–15 days post-anthesis (DPA) was a key stage for synthesis accumulation starch. Genome-wide transcriptional profiling significance microarrays...

Abstract Background Stalk strength is a critical trait in maize that influences plant architecture, lodging resistance and grain yield. The developmental stage of maize, spanning from the vegetative to reproductive stage, for determining stalk strength. However, dynamics genetic control this remains unclear. Results Here, we report temporal resolution study transcriptome one tropical line non-stiff-stalk using 53 transcriptomes collected covering V7 (seventh leaf stage) through silking...

Arabidopsis thaliana phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (AtVPS34) functions in the development and germination of pollen by catalyzing biosynthesis 3-phosphate (PI3P). In yeast, Vps15p is required for membrane targeting activity Vps34. The expression VPS15 (AtVPS15), an ortholog yeast Vps15, mainly detected grains tubes. To determine its role tube growth, we attempted to isolate T-DNA insertion mutants AtVPS15; however, homozygous lines atvps15 were not obtained from progeny atvps15/+...

Nitrogen (N), a macronutrient essential for plant growth and development, is needed biosynthesis of protein starch, which affect grain yield quality. Application high-N fertilizer increases growth, yield, flour In this study, we performed the first comparative analysis gliadin glutenin subproteomes during kernel development in elite Chinese wheat cultivar Zhongmai 175 under conditions by reversed-phase ultra-performance liquid chromatography two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis...

Cadmium, one of the toxic heavy metals, robustly impact crop growth and development food safety. In this study, mechanisms wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) selenium-binding protein-A (TaSBP-A) involved in response to Cd stress was fully investigated by overexpression Arabidopsis wheat. As a cytoplasm protein, TaSBP-A showed high expression plant roots its levels were highly induced treatment. The enhanced Cd-toleration yeast, Meanwhile, transgenic under lower H2O2 malondialdehyde content higher...

Dehydrins (DHNs) as a member of late-embryogenesis-abundant (LEA) proteins are involved in plant abiotic stress tolerance. Two dehydrins PpDHNA and PpDHNC were previously characterized from the moss Physcomitrella patens, which has been suggested to be an ideal model study tolerance due its adaptability extreme environment. In this study, functions these two genes analyzed by heterologous expressions Arabidopsis. Phenotype analysis revealed that overexpressing PpDHN dehydrin lines had...

Nitrogen (N) is a macronutrient important for plant growth and development. It also strongly influences starch protein synthesis, closely related to grain yield quality. We performed the first comparative phosphoproteomic analysis of developing wheat grains in response high-N fertilizer. Physiological biochemical analyses showed that application fertilizer resulted significant increases leaf length area, chlorophyll content, activity key enzymes leaves such as nitrate reductase (NR), sucrose...

In this study, we aimed to identify differentially accumulated proteins (DAPs) involved in PEG mock osmotic stress, cadmium (Cd2+) and their combined stress responses Brachypodium distachyon seedling roots. The results showed that Cd2+ stresses had more significant effects on root growth, physiological traits, ultrastructures when compared with each individual stress. Totally, 106 DAPs were identified are responsive These mainly energy metabolism, detoxification defense protein metabolism....

The content and composition of wheat storage proteins are the major determinants dough rheological properties breadmaking quality influenced by cultivation conditions. This study aimed to investigate effects water deficit high N-fertilizer application on protein synthesis, gluten secondary structure, quality. Reverse-phase ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography analysis showed that macropolymer accumulation was promoted under both independent applications a combination water-deficit...

Cystatin is a class of proteins mainly involved in cysteine protease inhibition and plant growth development, as well tolerance under various abiotic stresses. In this study, we performed the first comprehensive analysis molecular characterization expression profiling response to stresses cystatin gene family Brachypodium distachyon, novel model for Triticum species with huge genomes. Comprehensive searches genome database identified 25 B. distachyon (BdC) genes that are distributed unevenly...

We present the first comprehensive proteome analysis of wheat flag leaves under water-deficit, high-nitrogen (N) fertilization, and combined treatments during grain development in field. Physiological agronomic trait analyses showed that leaf relative water content, total chlorophyll photosynthetic efficiency, weight yield were significantly reduced water-deficit conditions, but dramatically enhanced high-N fertilization moderately promoted treatment. Two-dimensional electrophoresis detected...

Salt stress is the second most important abiotic factor in world, which seriously affects crop growth, development and grain production. In this study, we performed first integrated physiological endoplasmic reticulum (ER) proteome analysis of wheat seedling leaves under salt using a label-free-based quantitative proteomic approach. caused significant decrease height, root length, relative water content chlorophyll leaves, indicating that growth was significantly inhibited stress. The ER...

Lysine crotonylation (Kcr) is a novel post-translational modification and its function in plant salt-stress responses remains unclear. In this study, we performed the first comprehensive chloroplast crotonylome analysis of wheat seedling leaves to examine potential functions Kcr proteins responses. total 471 proteins, 1290 sites were identified as significantly regulated by salt stress, mainly involved photosynthesis, protein folding, ATP synthesis. The that responded stress concentrated...

NF-κB is a major regulator of gene transcription involved in immune, inflammation, apoptosis and stress responses. However, the regulation not completely understood. Here, we report that N-Myc STATs Interactor (NMI), an IFN-inducible protein, important negative activity. We found NMI negatively regulates TNF-α-induced IL-6 IL-1β production HeLa cells. Overexpression inhibits transcriptional activity, contrast, depletion by shRNA increases Mechanistically, associates with NF-κB/p65 nuclear...