Selection in broiler chickens has increased muscle mass without similar development of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, resulting limited ability to sustain high ambient temperatures. The aim this study was determine long-lasting effects heat manipulation embryo on physiology, body temperature (Tb), growth rate meat processing quality reared floor pens. Broiler chicken eggs were incubated control conditions (37.8°C, 56% relative humidity; RH) or exposed thermal (TM; 12 h/d,...

Avian gametes present specific features related to their internal long-term mode of fertilization. Among other central actors energetic metabolism control, it has been suspected that 5′-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) influences sperm functions and thus plays a key role in fertilization success. In the work, we studied AMPK localization function chicken incubated vitro. Effects pharmacological activators (AICAR, metformin) inhibitor compound C were assessed by evaluating AMPKalpha...

White striping (WS) is an emerging muscular defect occurring on breast and thigh muscles of broiler chickens. It characterized by the presence white striations parallel to muscle fibers has significant consequences for meat quality. The etiology WS remains poorly understood, even if previous studies demonstrated that prevalence related growth development. Moreover, recent showed moderate high heritability values WS, which emphasized role genetics in expression defect. aim this study was...

The White Striping (WS) and Wooden Breast (WB) defects are two myopathic syndromes whose occurrence has recently increased in modern fast-growing broilers. impact of these on the quality breast meat is very important, as they greatly affect its visual aspect, nutritional value, processing yields. research conducted to date improved our knowledge biological processes involved their occurrence, but no solution been identified so far significantly reduce incidence without affecting growing...

Fast-growing chickens have a limited ability to tolerate high temperatures. Thermal manipulation during embryogenesis (TM) has previously been shown lower chicken body temperature (Tb) at hatching and improve thermotolerance until market age, possibly resulting from changes in metabolic regulation. The aim of this study was evaluate the long-term effects TM (12 h/d, 39.5°C, 65% RH d 7 16 vs. 37.8°C, 56% continuously) subsequent heat challenge (32°C for 5 h 34 d) on mRNA expression genes cell...

Abstract The broiler industry is facing an increasing prevalence of breast myopathies, such as white striping (WS) and wooden (WB), the precise aetiology these occurrences remains poorly understood. To progress our understanding structural changes molecular pathways involved in a transcriptomic analysis was performed using 8 × 60 K Agilent chicken microarray histological study. study used pectoralis major muscles from three groups: slow-growing animals (n = 8), fast-growing visually free...

Abstract The processing ability and sensory quality of chicken breast meat are highly related to its ultimate pH (pHu), which is mainly determined by the amount glycogen in muscle at death. To unravel molecular mechanisms underlying pHu variations identify predictive biomarkers these traits, a transcriptome profiling analysis was performed using an Agilent custom 8 × 60 K microarray. gene expression patterns were studied two lines experimentally selected for high (pHu+) low (pHu−) values...

Cold stimulations during egg incubation were reported to limit the occurrence of ascites in broilers subjected cold temperature after 14 d age. However, data are lacking on impacts such strategy case conditions at start. This study aimed evaluate effects and posthatch challenge performance, breast muscle integrity, meat processing quality broiler chickens. Ross 308 eggs incubated under control (I0, 37.6°C) or 15°C 30 min day 18 19 (I1). Chicks from each group reared floor pens either...

Intracellular cytoplasmic calcium ([Ca 2+ ] i ) has an important regulatory role in gamete functions. However, the biochemical components involved Ca transport are still unknown birds, animal class that lost functional sperm‐specific CatSper channels. Here, we provide evidence for presence and expression of various channels chicken sperm, including high voltage‐activated (L R types), store‐operated channel ( SOC component Orai1, transient receptor potential TRPC 1)...

Sperm require high levels of energy to ensure motility and acrosome reaction (AR) accomplishment. The AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) has been demonstrated be strongly involved in the control these properties. We address here question potential role calcium mobilization on AMPK activation function chicken sperm through Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinases (CaMKKs) mediated pathway. presence CaMKKs their substrates CaMKI CaMKIV was evaluated by western-blotting indirect immunofluorescence....

Lack of functional calpain 3 in humans is a cause limb girdle muscular dystrophy, but the function(s) remain(s) unknown. Special muscle conditions which downregulated could yield valuable clues to understanding its function(s). We monitored mRNA amounts by quantitative RT-PCR and compared them with those alpha-skeletal actin mouse leg muscles for different types denervation injury. Intact reduced expression factor 5 10, while was slower less extensive manner. Muscle injury...

Sphincteric deficiency is the most common cause of urinary incontinence in humans. Various treatments have lead to disappointing results due a temporary benefit. Recent studies raised possibility that sphincteric could be treated by implanting skeletal myoblasts. In present study, we developed female rat model chronic defect assess benefit myoblast injection. Sphincter was induced freezing, longitudinal sphincterotomy, and notexin injection, respectively, obtain reproducible irreversible...

Glucose transport into cells is the first limiting step for regulation of glucose homeostasis. In mammals, it mediated by a family facilitative transporters (GLUTs) (encoded SLC2A* genes), with constitutive role (GLUT1), or insulin-sensitive (GLUT4, GLUT8, and GLUT12). Compared to chicken shows high levels glycemia relative insensitivity exogenous insulin. To date, only GLUT1, GLUT12 have been described in skeletal muscles but not fully characterized, whereas GLUT4 was reported as lacking....

A polymorphism in the promoter of β,β-carotene 15,15′-monooxygenase 1 (BCMO1) gene recently was identified an experimental cross between 2 chicken lines divergently selected on growth rate and found to be associated with variations yellow color breast meat. In this study, effects several aspects carotenoid metabolism were evaluated chickens sharing same genetic background except for their genotype at BCMO1 locus. We confirmed that mRNA abundance varied (P < 0.001) homozygous genotypes (GG <<...

The enzyme β-carotene oxygenase 1 (BCO1) catalyzes the breakdown of provitamin A, including beta-carotene (BC), into retinal, prior to its oxidation retinoic acid (RA). Allelic variation at BCO1 locus results in differential expression mRNA and affects carotenoid metabolism specifically chicken Pectoralis major muscle. In this context, aim study was evaluate potential myogenic effect BC underlying mechanisms myoblasts. detected myoblasts derived from satellite cells. Treating these with led...

The increasing cost of conventional feedstuffs used in poultry diets has bolstered interest genetic selection for digestive efficiency (DE) to improve the adaptation birds various alternative feedstuffs. However, DE measurement through AMEn is time-consuming and constraining. To simplify DE, potential serum composition predict was evaluated based on 40 from two broiler lines (D+ D−) divergently selected fecal a difficult-to-digest wheat-based diet. Differences coloration were suspected...

In chickens, a divergent selection on the Pectoralis major pHu allowed creation of pHu+ and pHu− lines, which represent unique model for studying biological control carbohydrate storage in muscle. The present study aimed to describe early mechanisms involved establishment phenotypes. At hatching, chicks were slightly heavier but exhibited lower plasma glucose triglyceride higher uric acid. After 5 days, breast meat yield compared while their body weight was no different. both ages, vivo...

The enzyme β,β-carotene-15,15′-mono-oxygenase 1 (BCMO1) is responsible for the symmetrical cleavage of β-carotene into retinal. We identified a polymorphism in promoter BCMO1 gene, inducing differences mRNA levels (high adenines (AA) and low guanines (GG)) colour chicken breast muscle. present study was designed to test whether this could affect response dietary β-carotene. Dietary supplementation did not change effects genotypes on muscle properties: were lower xanthophyll contents higher...

Les poulets à croissance rapide sont sensibles la chaleur en période de finition. En effet, leur sélection pour a favorisé masse musculaire au détriment d’organes impliqués dans thermorégulation. Ceci peut se traduire par des baisses performances cas modérée et chronique,&amp;nbsp;mais également problèmes bien-être mortalités lors d’un coup chaleur. Durant dernière décennie les efforts ont porté sur l’acclimatation pendant périnatale, notamment l’embryogenèse. Cette stratégie nécessite...

Myoblast transplantation is being considered as a potential strategy to improve muscle function in myopathies; hence, it important identify the transplanted cells and have available efficient reagents track these cells. We first validated human mouse xenotransplantation model warranting complete rapid rejection of then used this assess appropriateness nanoparticle reagent Human myoblasts were loaded with ferrite nanoparticles injected into tibialis immunocompetent mice. Upon collection...