A5011625371- Archaeology and ancient environmental studies
- Historical and Archaeological Studies
- Ancient and Medieval Archaeology Studies
- Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies
- Forensic and Genetic Research
- Maritime and Coastal Archaeology
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Indigenous Studies and Ecology
- European Linguistics and Anthropology
- Archaeological Research and Protection
- Paleopathology and ancient diseases
- Yersinia bacterium, plague, ectoparasites research
- Race, Genetics, and Society
- Bacillus and Francisella bacterial research
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Korean Peninsula Historical and Political Studies
- Medieval European History and Architecture
- Historical and Cultural Archaeology Studies
- Earthquake and Tsunami Effects
- Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis
- Archaeology and Historical Studies
- Food Industry and Aquatic Biology
- Vector-borne infectious diseases
- Ancient Egypt and Archaeology
- Rabies epidemiology and control
Tallinn University
2012-2021
Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of History
2012-2015
University of Tartu
2010
Abstract While the series of events that shaped transition between foraging societies and food producers are well described for Central Southern Europe, genetic evidence from Northern Europe surrounding Baltic Sea is still sparse. Here, we report genome-wide DNA data 38 ancient North Europeans ranging ~9500 to 2200 years before present. Our analysis provides hunter-gatherers settled Scandinavia via two routes. We reveal first Scandinavian farmers derive their ancestry Anatolia 1000 earlier...
Abstract
Recent ancient DNA studies have revealed that the genetic history of modern Europeans was shaped by a series migration and admixture events between deeply diverged groups. While these are well described in Central Southern Europe, evidence from Northern Europe surrounding Baltic Sea is still sparse. Here we report genome-wide data 24 North ranging ~7,500 to 200 calBCE spanning transition hunter-gatherer an agricultural lifestyle, as adoption bronze metallurgy. We show Scandinavia settled...
The aim of the present research was to determine chemical elements using inductive plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) in Estonian archaeological human bones establish possible content menu different communities. Among studied material clear differentiation can be made between Pärnu cemetery St John’s church (the garrison) from 16–18th cc. and Tääksi village 14–18th century. 12–13th Pada remains two above-mentioned cemeteries concerning observed elements. initial data show only differences...
Abstract The Viking maritime expansion from Scandinavia (Denmark, Norway, and Sweden) marks one of the swiftest most far-flung cultural transformations in global history. During this time (c. 750 to 1050 CE), Vikings reached western Eurasia, Greenland, North America, left a legacy that persists till today. To understand genetic structure influence expansion, we sequenced genomes 442 ancient humans across Europe Greenland ranging Bronze Age 2400 BC) early Modern period 1600 with particular...
Abstract Molecular signatures of Yersinia pestis were recently identified in prehistoric Eurasian individuals, thus suggesting Y. caused some form disease humans prior to the first historically documented pandemic. Here, we present six new genomes spanning from European Late Neolithic Bronze Age (LNBA) dating 4,800 3,700 BP. We show that all currently investigated LNBA strains a single genetic clade phylogeny appears be extinct. Interpreting our data within context recent ancient human...
Several Estonian burial places with cremations were investigated in the period 1997 to 2011. During research, various descriptive and metric data on cremated bone materials was observed. The present paper is an attempt systematise interpret collected, order provide some generalisations cremations. A comparative study of graves basis minimum number buried individuals determined finds graves, as well fragmentation, presented. Radiocarbon dating (AMS method) burnt human bones from six conducted...
In the autumn of 2008 human and animal bones came to light during cabling works in village Salme, on island Saaremaa, Estonia. Some days later a contour an ancient boat was discovered. The boat, as well inside it, dates second half 7th century or beginning 8th century. osteological analyses bone material featured specific quality this burial-skeletal remains seven men, which are unknown boat- ship-burials around Baltic Sea broader context Northern Europe. absence dogs horses, very common...
Human skeletal remains exhumated from the post-war multiple grave in Southern Estonia were anthropologically analysed. Conventional ageing and sexing methods used to esimate biological sex age at death of buried people. The blind test was carried out by two independent researchers; obtained results compared with historic data concerning chronological
Stone grave 2 of Maidla is the largest archaeologically and osteologically investigated cemeteries Läänemaa, probably also Iron Age burial site in Estonia.The stone was used 10th-13th centuries, it contained both cremations inhumations, among latter several complete skeletons were found.The gender age structure people buried estimated size life-cycle community investigated.Data Early graves 1 Poanse as well Läänemaa for comparison.10.-13.sajandi II kalme on suurim nii arheoloogiliselt kui ka...
In 2008 and 2010, two partly destroyed ship burials were discovered near Salme on the island of Saaremaa.During archaeological excavations, at least 41 wholly or partially preserved skeletons discovered, a large number artefacts found, including dozen singlesided antler combs.On basis finds, as well radiocarbon dating, dated to PreViking Period, while both isotopic evidence point towards central Sweden most probable origin buried individuals.The combs from have features that are generally...
The article discusses the excavation results of Late Iron Age cemetery on Kirikumägi at Siksälä, south-easternmost corner Estonia.On basis analysis cremated bones and context their location presence a new grave form -flat-ground cremation burials with unfurnished cremains poured or dispersed burial plots deepened into ground later levelled -is suggested.The also presents from Siksälä.
Human populations and their history have been studied at the Institute of History since 1952 when young researcher Karin Mark started her career here. Later, became a leading in palaeoanthro pology somatology Finno-Ugric peoples, working group grew. At end 1980s, Leiu Heapost took over position as leader anthropological research. In 1988 Raili Allmäe 2004 Jana Limbo-Simovart joined group. Since 1998, Estonian research has project-based; present paper we give brief overview our (and its...
The identification of human remains is challenging mostly due to the bad condition and available background information that sometimes limited. current case report related an unknown soldier from Estonian War Independence (1918–1920). includes anthropological study remains, examinations documents found with exhumed kinship estimations based on archival documents, DNA analyses. As preliminary data pointed male origin, Y-chromosomal STR (short tandem repeat) analyses 22 Y-STR loci were used...
During archaeological excavations in 2012 human skeletal remains were recovered from two sites Läänemaa: four 16th–17th centuries skeletons Ehte Street the town of Haapsalu and Late Iron Age (12th–13th cc.) Maidla grave-field. The data Läänemaa are scanty, thus anthropological analyses these occasionally found conducted some characteristics body build calculated.
Three Iron Age cremation graves from south-eastern Estonia and four including cremations as well inhumations western were analysed by osteological palaeodemographic methods in order to estimate the age sex composition of burial sites, propose some possible demographic figures models for living communities.
 The crude birth/death rate estimated on basis juvenility indices varied between 55.1‰ 60.0‰ (58.5‰ average) at Rõsna village Middle Age. rates based south eastern a greater degree....