A5020022543- Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Plant Disease Resistance and Genetics
- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Insect symbiosis and bacterial influences
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
- CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- Mycotoxins in Agriculture and Food
- Insect Resistance and Genetics
- Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
- Fungal and yeast genetics research
- Protist diversity and phylogeny
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Trypanosoma species research and implications
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions
- Insect behavior and control techniques
- Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Animal Genetics and Reproduction
- Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior
- Nematode management and characterization studies
- Plant tissue culture and regeneration
- Genetic and Clinical Aspects of Sex Determination and Chromosomal Abnormalities
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
2015-2024
Évolution, Génomes, Comportement, Écologie
2015-2024
Institut de Recherche pour le Développement
2015-2024
Université Paris-Saclay
2015-2024
Université Paris-Sud
2010-2020
Génétique Quantitative et Évolution Le Moulon
2005-2014
Centre Hospitalier d'Orsay
2002
University of Notre Dame
2001-2002
Fusarium species are among the most important phytopathogenic and toxigenic fungi. To understand molecular underpinnings of pathogenicity in genus Fusarium, we compared genomes three phenotypically diverse species: graminearum, verticillioides oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. Our analysis revealed lineage-specific (LS) genomic regions F. that include four entire chromosomes account for more than one-quarter genome. LS rich transposons genes with distinct evolutionary profiles but related to...
Tsetse flies (Glossina sp.) are the vectors of human and animal trypanosomiasis throughout sub-Saharan Africa. distinguished from other Diptera by unique adaptations, including lactation birthing live young (obligate viviparity), a vertebrate blood-specific diet both sexes, obligate bacterial symbiosis. This work describes comparative analysis six Glossina genomes representing three sub-genera: Morsitans (G. morsitans morsitans, G. pallidipes, austeni), Palpalis palpalis, fuscipes), Fusca...
DNA derived from transposable elements (TEs) constitutes large parts of the genomes complex eukaryotes, with major impacts not only on genomic research but also how organisms evolve and function. Although a variety methods tools have been developed to detect annotate TEs, there are as yet no standard benchmarks-that is, way measure or compare their accuracy. This lack accuracy assessment calls into question conclusions wide range that depends explicitly implicitly TE annotation. In absence...
Bracoviruses are symbiotic viruses associated with tens of thousands species parasitic wasps that develop within the body lepidopteran hosts and collectively parasitize caterpillars virtually every species. Viral particles produced in wasp ovaries injected into host larvae eggs. Once body, viral DNA circles enclosed integrate cell DNA. Here we show bracovirus sequences have been inserted repeatedly genomes, indicating this can also enter germline cells. The original mode Horizontal Gene...
Transposable elements (TEs) are genomic repeated sequences that display complex evolutionary patterns. They usually inherited vertically, but can occasionally be transmitted between sexually independent species, through so-called horizontal transposon transfers (HTTs). Recurrent HTTs supposed to essential in life cycle of TEs, which otherwise destined for eventual decay. also impact the host genome evolution. However, extent eukaryotes is largely unknown, due lack efficient, statistically...
Abstract Endogenous viruses form an important proportion of eukaryote genomes and a source novel functions. How large DNA integrated into genome evolve when they confer benefit to their host, however, remains unknown. Bracoviruses are essential for the parasitism success parasitoid wasps, whose ~103 million years ago. Here we show, from assembly wasp at chromosomal scale, that bracovirus genes colonized all ten chromosomes Cotesia congregata . Most clusters involved in particle production or...
Although the biological concept of species is well established in animals, sometimes decision about specific status a new difficult and hence requires support an integrative analysis several character sets. To date, Drosophila sturtevanti, D. magalhaesi, milleri dacunhai, belonging to sturtevanti subgroup Neotropical saltans group, are identified mainly by aedeagus morphology, but also present some differences spot coloration patterning female sixth tergite shape size spermathecae, parallel...
Concepts of evolutionary biology suggest that morphological change may occur by rare punctual but rather large changes, or more steady and gradual transformations. It can therefore be asked whether genetic changes underlying morphological, physiological, and/or behavioral innovations during evolution in a manner, whereby single mutational event has prominent phenotypic consequences, if many consecutive alterations the DNA over longer time periods lead to divergence. In marine teleost,...
Increasing genome data show that introns, a hallmark of eukaryotes, already existed at high density in the last common ancestor extant eukaryotes. However, intron content is highly variable among species. The tempo gains and losses has been irregular several factors may explain why some genomes are intron-poor whereas other intron-rich. We studied dynamics an α-amylase gene, whose product breaks down starch polysaccharides. It was transferred from Actinobacterium to Agaricomycotina. This...
Significance Transposable elements (TEs) are DNA sequences that colonize every genome and have a great impact on the evolution structure. Here, we report experimental results confirm intrinsic “selfish” properties of TEs in sexual populations. We also show how different kinds copies from same family strongly interfere: cheating nonautonomous parasitize autonomous ones, to extent endangering survival whole TE family. These nicely illustrate “genome-ecology” analogy, according which components...
Microbial symbionts are ubiquitous associates of living organisms but their role in mediating reproductive isolation (RI) remains controversial. We addressed this knowledge gap by employing the Drosophila paulistorum-Wolbachia model system. Semispecies D. paulistorum species complex exhibit strong RI between each other and knockdown obligate mutualistic Wolbachia bacteria female flies triggers loss assortative mating behavior against males carrying incompatible strains. Here we set out to...
Abstract Mosquito‐vectored diseases such as yellow fever and dengue continue to have a substantial impact on human populations world‐wide. Novel strategies for control of these mosquito vectored can arise through the development reliable systems genetic manipulation insect vector. A piggyBac vector marked with Drosophila melanogaster cinnabar ( cn ) gene was used transform white‐eyed kh w strain Aedes aegypti . Microinjection preblastoderm embryos resulted in four families transformed...
The mariner family of transposable elements is one the most widespread in Metazoa. It subdivided into several subfamilies that do not mirror phylogeny these species, suggesting an ancient diversification. Previous hybridization and PCR studies allowed a partial survey diversity In this work, we used comparative genomics approach to access genus-wide evolution twenty Drosophila sequenced genomes. We identified 36 different lineages belonging six distinct subfamilies, including subfamily...
The piggyBac transposable element was originally isolated from the cabbage looper moth, Trichoplusia ni, in 1980s. Despite its early discovery and specificity compared to other Class II elements, diversity evolution of this superfamily have been only partially analyzed. Two main types elements can be distinguished: piggyBac-like (PBLE) with terminal inverted repeats, untranslated region, an open reading frame encoding a transposase, piggyBac-derived sequences (PGBD), containing sequence...
Aspergillus nidulans is one of the model ascomycete fungi. Transposition events have never been described in this organism. We determined that organism has at least 13 copies a Fot1-related element. These are transcribed, non-methylated and polymorphic various wild isolates. In spite this, we failed to isolate transposon insertions when resident niaD gene used as trap. This contrasts with situation previously Fusarium oxysporum. show two elements F. oxysporum, Fot1 impala, transpose...
The germlines of metazoans contain transposable elements (TEs) causing genetic instability and affecting fitness. To protect the germline from TE activity, gonads produce TE-derived PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) that silence expression. In Drosophila, our understanding piRNA biogenesis is mainly based on studies Drosophila melanogaster female germline. However, it not known whether functions are also important in male or how piRNAs affected by global genomic context. address these...
impala, a Tc1-mariner transposable element from Fusarium oxysporum, was introduced into the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe grisea to develop transposon-based insertional mutagenesis. A construct (pNIL160) containing an autonomous impala copy inserted in promoter of niaD encoding Aspergillus nidulans nitrate reductase by transformation M. reductase-deficient mutant. excision monitored restoration prototrophy for nitrate. Southern analysis + revertants revealed that able excise and reinsert at...
The mimp1 element previously identified in the ascomycete fungus Fusarium oxysporum has hallmarks of miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements (MITEs): short size, terminal inverted repeats (TIRs), structural homogeneity, and a stable secondary structure. Since no coding capacity, its mobilization requires transposase-encoding element. On basis similarity TIRs target-site preference with autonomous Tc1-like impala, together correlated distribution both among genus, we investigated...