A5024925408- Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
- Plant responses to elevated CO2
- Plant nutrient uptake and metabolism
- Crop Yield and Soil Fertility
- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Algal biology and biofuel production
- Light effects on plants
- Plant tissue culture and regeneration
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Plant Molecular Biology Research
- Bioenergy crop production and management
- Biocrusts and Microbial Ecology
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Microbial Metabolic Engineering and Bioproduction
- Redox biology and oxidative stress
- Plant Gene Expression Analysis
- Biofuel production and bioconversion
- Plant Stress Responses and Tolerance
- Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Protist diversity and phylogeny
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Plant Disease Resistance and Genetics
- Plant responses to water stress
- Plant biochemistry and biosynthesis
University of Essex
2016-2025
University of Birmingham
2022
Taif University
2018
Louisiana State University Agricultural Center
2015
Dalhousie University
2013
University of California, Berkeley
2012
Joint Genome Institute
2012
University of Oxford
2011
University of Sheffield
2011
Colchester Institute
2011
Coccolithophores have influenced the global climate for over 200 million years. These marine phytoplankton can account 20 per cent of total carbon fixation in some systems. They form blooms that occupy hundreds thousands square kilometres and are distinguished by their elegantly sculpted calcium carbonate exoskeletons (coccoliths), rendering them visible from space. Although coccolithophores export organic matter calcite to sea floor, they also release CO2 calcification process. Hence, a...
Abstract Activity of the Calvin cycle enzyme sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase (SBPase) was increased by overexpression an Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) cDNA in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plants. In plants with SBPase activity, photosynthetic rates were increased, higher levels Suc and starch accumulated during photoperiod, increase leaf area biomass up to 30% also evident. Light saturated photosynthesis increasing activity analysis CO2 response curves revealed that this could be...
The acclimation of plants to light has been studied extensively, yet little is known about the effect dynamic fluctuations in on plant phenotype and acclimatory responses. We mimicked natural over a diurnal period examine photosynthetic processes growth Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). High low intensities, delivered via realistic fluctuating or square wave pattern, were used grow assess plants. Plants subjected had thicker leaves greater capacity compared with light-grown This, together...
Inventors in the field of mechanical and electronic engineering can access multitudes components and, thanks to standardization, parts from different manufacturers be used combination with each other. The introduction BioBrick standards for assembly characterized DNA sequences was a landmark microbial engineering, shaping synthetic biology. Here, we describe standard Type IIS restriction endonuclease-mediated assembly, defining common syntax 12 fusion sites enable facile eukaryotic...
Increasing photosynthesis in wheat has been identified as an approach to enhance crop yield, with manipulation of key genes involved electron transport and the Calvin cycle one avenue currently being explored. However, natural variation photosynthetic capacity is a unexploited genetic resource for potential improvement. Using gas-exchange analysis protein analysis, existing diverse panel 64 elite cultivars grown field was examined relative growth traits, including biomass harvest index....
To meet the growing demand for food, substantial improvements in yields are needed. This is particularly case wheat, where global yield has stagnated recent years. Increasing photosynthesis been identified as a primary target to achieve improvements. increase leaf level of Calvin–Benson cycle enzyme sedoheptulose-1,7-biphosphatase (SBPase) increased through transformation and expression Brachypodium distachyon SBPase gene construct. Transgenic lines with protein levels activity were grown...
Over the next 40 years it has been estimated that a 50% increase in yield of grain crops such as wheat and rice will be required to meet food fuel demands increasing world population. Transgenic tobacco plants have generated with altered combinations sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase, fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase, cyanobacterial putative-inorganic carbon transporter B, ictB, which all identified targets improve photosynthesis based on empirical studies. It is shown here levels three...
Improving photosynthesis is a major target for increasing crop yields and ensuring food security. Phenotyping of in the field critical to understand limits performance agricultural settings. Yet, detailed phenotyping photosynthetic traits relatively scarce field-grown wheat, with previous studies focusing on narrow germplasm selections. Flag leaf traits, development, yield were compared 64 wheat cultivars UK. Pre-anthesis post-anthesis correlated significantly positively grain harvest index...
Spectroscopy is becoming an increasingly powerful tool to alleviate the challenges of traditional measurements key plant traits at leaf, canopy, and ecosystem scales. Spectroscopic methods often rely on statistical approaches reduce data redundancy enhance useful prediction physiological traits. Given mechanistic uncertainty spectroscopic techniques, genetic modification biochemical pathways may affect reflectance spectra causing predictive models lose power. The objectives this research...
Marine benthic diatoms excrete large quantities of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), both as a function their motility system and response to environmental conditions. Diatom EPS consists predominantly carbohydrate‐rich polymers is important in the ecology cells living on marine sediments. Production rates, production pathways, monosaccharide composition water‐soluble (colloidal) carbohydrates, EPS, intracellular storage carbohydrate (glucans) were investigated epipelic...
Abstract Field-grown Miscanthus × giganteus maintains high photosynthetic quantum yields and biomass productivity in cool temperate climates. It is related to maize (Zea mays) uses the same NADP-malic enzyme C4 pathway. This study tests hypothesis that M. giganteus, contrast maize, forms photosynthetically competent leaves at low temperatures with altered amounts of pyruvate orthophosphate dikinase (PPDK) Rubisco or properties PPDK. Both species were grown 25°C/20°C 14°C/11°C (day/night),...
Acclimation of photosynthesis to elevated CO2 has previously been shown be more pronounced when N supply is poor. Is this a direct effect or an indirect by limiting the development sinks for photoassimilate? This question was tested growing perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) in field under (60 Pa) and current (36 partial pressures (pCO2) at low high levels fertilization. Cutting herbage crop 4- 8-week intervals removed about 80% canopy, therefore decreasing ratio photosynthetic area...
Abstract Background Biochemical models predict that photosynthesis in C 3 plants is most frequently limited by the slower of two processes, maximum capacity enzyme Rubisco to carboxylate RuBP (V c,max ), or regeneration via electron transport (J). At current atmospheric [CO 2 ] levels not saturated; consequently, elevating increases velocity carboxylation and inhibits competing oxygenation reaction which also catalyzed Rubisco. In future, leaf ( A ) should be increasingly regeneration, as...
Summary In this article, we have altered the levels of three different enzymes involved in Calvin–Benson cycle and photorespiratory pathway. We generated transgenic Arabidopsis plants with combinations sedoheptulose 1,7‐bisphosphatase ( SBP ase), fructose 1,6‐bisphophate aldolase FBPA ) glycine decarboxylase‐H protein GDC ‐H) gene identified as targets to improve photosynthesis based on previous studies. Here, show that increasing corresponding proteins, either independently or combination,...
In this study, we generated transgenic Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) plants overexpressing the Rieske FeS protein (PetC), a component of cytochrome b6f (cyt b6f) complex. Increasing levels resulted in concomitant increases cyt f (PetA) and b6 (PetB), core proteins Interestingly, an increase both photosystem I (PSI) PSII complexes also was seen overexpression plants. Although mechanisms leading to these changes remain be identified, presented here provide novel tools explore this....
Photorespiration is essential for C3 plants, enabling oxygenic photosynthesis through the scavenging of 2-phosphoglycolate. Previous studies have demonstrated that overexpression L- and H-proteins photorespiratory glycine cleavage system results in an increase growth Arabidopsis thaliana. Here, we present evidence under controlled environment conditions biomass evident tobacco plants overexpressing H-protein. Importantly, work this paper provides a clear demonstration potential manipulation...
Abstract C 4 photosynthesis is characterised by a CO 2 concentrating mechanism that operates between mesophyll and bundle sheath cells increasing partial pressure at the site of Rubisco photosynthetic efficiency. Electron transport chains in both cell types supply ATP NADPH for photosynthesis. Cytochrome b 6 f key control point electron 3 plants. To study whether limited we constitutively overexpressed Rieske FeS subunit Setaria viridis . This resulted higher content without marked changes...