A5002825581- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Climate variability and models
- Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Marine and fisheries research
- Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research
- Underwater Acoustics Research
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Coastal and Marine Dynamics
- Marine Biology and Ecology Research
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Digital Innovation in Industries
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies
- Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems
- Geological and Geophysical Studies
- Coastal and Marine Management
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Maritime Transport Emissions and Efficiency
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
University of Manchester
2025
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
2015-2024
Montana State University
2022
GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel
2020
München Klinik
2019
Scripps Institution of Oceanography
1980-2018
National Institute of Ocean Technology
2018
National Centre for Antarctic and Ocean Research
2018
Indian Institute of Science Bangalore
2018
Oceanography Society
2016
Measurements made from R/P Flip using rapid profiling conductivity, temperature, and depth probes vector‐measuring current meters provide a new detailed look at the diurnal cycle of upper ocean. A occurs when solar heating warms stabilizes This limits downward penetration turbulent wind mixing so that air‐sea fluxes heat momentum are surface trapped during midday. The central problem is to learn how trapping D T (mean value temperature velocity response) set by competing effects heating. In...
A 25-yr (1981–2005) time series of daily latent and sensible heat fluxes over the global ice-free oceans has been produced by synthesizing surface meteorology obtained from satellite remote sensing atmospheric model reanalyses outputs. The project, named Objectively Analyzed Air–Sea Fluxes (OAFlux), was developed an initial study Atlantic Ocean that demonstrated such data synthesis improves flux estimates basin scale. This paper introduces analysis documents variability ocean fields on...
Abstract This study investigates the exchange of momentum between atmosphere and ocean using data collected from four oceanic field experiments. Direct covariance estimates fluxes were in all experiments wind profiles during three them. The objective investigation is to improve parameterizations surface roughness drag coefficient used estimate stress bulk formulas. Specifically, Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere Response Experiment (COARE) 3.0 flux algorithm refined create COARE 3.5. Oversea...
Abstract The estimate of surface irradiance on a global scale is possible through radiative transfer calculations using satellite-retrieved surface, cloud, and aerosol properties as input. Computed top-of-atmosphere (TOA) irradiances, however, do not necessarily agree with observation-based values, for example, from the Clouds Earth’s Radiant Energy System (CERES). This paper presents method to determine irradiances observational constraints TOA CERES. A Lagrange multiplier procedure used...
Overlaying the cool southeast Pacific Ocean is most persistent subtropical stratocumulus cloud deck in world. It produces a profound affect on tropical climate by shading underlying ocean and radiatively cooling stirring up turbulence atmosphere. In October 2001, East Investigation of Climate undertook an exploratory cruise from Galapagos Islands to Chile. The gathered unprecedented dataset, integrating radiosonde, surface, remote sensing, aerosol, measurements. Scientific objectives...
Abstract. The VAMOS1 Ocean-Cloud-Atmosphere-Land Study Regional Experiment (VOCALS-REx) was an international field program designed to make observations of poorly understood but critical components the coupled climate system southeast Pacific. This region is characterized by strong coastal upwelling, coolest SSTs in tropical belt, and home largest subtropical stratocumulus deck on Earth. intensive phase VOCALS-REx took place during October November 2008 constitutes a part broader CLIVAR...
Abstract For decades oceanographers have understood the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) to be primarily driven by changes in production of deep-water formation subpolar and subarctic North Atlantic. Indeed, current Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) projections an AMOC slowdown twenty-first century based climate models are attributed inhibition deep convection However, observational evidence for this linkage has been elusive: there no clear demonstration...
A major goal of the Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment (COARE) was to achieve significantly more accurate and complete descriptions surface meteorology air-sea fluxes in western equatorial warm pool region. Time series near-surface from a buoy moored near center COARE Intensive Flux Array (IFA) are described here. The accuracies measurements derived quantified; agreement between average net heat at two nearby research ships is better than 10 W m−2 during three intercomparisons....
The broad, shallow body of warm (>29°C) water found in the western tropical Pacific Ocean plays an important role coupled ocean-atmosphere dynamics and thermodynamics associated with El Niño-Southern Oscillation phenomenon. Thus, it is to understand processes that maintain perturb pool. Measurements from a buoy moored center pool during TOGA Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment show exchange mass between ocean atmosphere as heat. Rain forms shallow, buoyant layer does not mix below...
Oceanographic Engineering of the Woods Hole Institution and Massachusetts Institute Technology, Hole, MA 02543. Oceanographers have long sought to verify theoretical Ekman transport relation, which predicts that a steady wind stress acting together with Coriolis force will produce water right wind. In situ measurements ocean currents provide detailed view this phenomenon. By separating wind-driven current from measured total by averaging over record, it is found observed consistent within...
The Office of Naval Research's Coupled Boundary Layers and Air–Sea Transfer (CBLAST) program is being conducted to investigate the processes that couple marine boundary layers govern exchange heat, mass, momentum across air–sea interface. CBLAST-LOW was designed these at low-wind extreme where are often driven or strongly modulated by buoyant forcing. focus on conditions ranging from negligible wind stress, forcing dominates, up speeds wave breaking Langmuir circulations play a significant...
Data from a surface mooring located in the Sargasso Sea at 34°N, 70°W between May 1982 and 1984 were compared with satellite data to investigate large diurnal sea temperature changes. Mooring measurements are excellent agreement for those days on which no clouds covered site time of pass. During summer half-year this site, there is 20% charm warming more than 0.5°C, values up 3.5°C observed two-year period. Diurnal has been simulated well by one-dimensional model driven local beat...
The Vasco-Cirene program explores how strong air-sea interactions promoted by the shallow thermocline and high sea surface temperature in Seychelles-Chagos ridge results marked variability at synoptic, intraseasonal, interannual time scales. Cirene oceanographic cruise collected oceanic, atmospheric, flux observations this region January–February 2007. contemporaneous Vasco field experiment complemented these measurements with balloon deployments from Seychelles. also contributed to...
Abstract. Ship-based time series, some now approaching over 3 decades long, are critical climate records that have dramatically improved our ability to characterize natural and anthropogenic drivers of ocean carbon dioxide (CO2) uptake biogeochemical processes. Advancements in autonomous marine sensors technologies the last 2 led expansion observations at fixed series sites, thereby improving capability characterizing sub-seasonal variability ocean. Here, we present a data product 40...
The Ocean Observatories Initiative (OOI) is an integrated network that enables scientific investigation of interlinked physical, chemical, biological and geological processes throughout the global ocean. With near real-time data delivery via a common Cyberinfrastructure, OOI instruments two contrasting ocean systems at three scales. Regional Cabled Array tectonic plate overlying in northeast Pacific, providing permanent electro-optical cable connecting multiple seafloor nodes provide high...
Sustained ocean time series are critical for characterizing marine ecosystem shifts in a of accelerating, and at times unpredictable, changes. They represent the only means to distinguish between natural anthropogenic forcings, best tools explore causal links implications human communities that depend on resources. Since inception sustained observations, have withstood many challenges, most prominently availability uninterrupted funding retention trained personnel. This OceanObs'19 review...
A cooperative, multiplatform field experiment was conducted in the eastern North Pacific during February and March of 1990 as part Surface Waves Processes Program (SWAPP). One experimental objectives to investigate Langmuir circulation so that its role evolution oceanic surface boundary layer could be better understood. The concurrent use different observational techniques, ranging from simple drifters complex Doppler sonar systems, resulted new information about structure variability....
Oscillations with near-inertial frequencies were an energetic component of the upper ocean velocity field observed at each two moorings separated by 44 km during Joint Air Sea INteraction (JASIN) experiment late summer 1978. At mooring amplitude inertial motion was highest in mixed layer, where it nearly depth-independent. Previous work (Pollard and Millard, 1970; Pollard, 1980) had found that phase layer related to local wind stress. In this case, loacal winds, measured mooring, coherent;...
Measurements made from the Research Platform FLIP provide some of first direct observations three-dimensional flow within surface mixed layer ocean. Relatively narrow regions downwelling were found layer, in coincidence with bands convergent flow. At mid-depth had magnitudes up to 0.2 meter per second and was accompanied by a downwind, horizontal jet comparable magnitude. There is evidence that these motions transport heat phytoplankton layer.
Abstract The accuracies of the meteorological sensors (air temperature, relative humidity, barometric pressure, near-surface longwave and shortwave radiation, wind speed direction) that compose Improved Meteorological (IMET) system used on buoys at long-term ocean time series sites known as reference stations (ORS) are analyzed to determine their absolute error characteristics. predicted errors compared in situ measurement discrepancies other observations (direct flux shipboard sensors)...
Abstract This study investigated the accuracy and physical representation of air–sea surface heat flux estimates for Indian Ocean on annual, seasonal, interannual time scales. Six products were analyzed, including newly developed latent sensible fluxes from Objectively Analyzed Air–Sea Heat Fluxes (OAFlux) project net shortwave longwave radiation results International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP), analysis Southampton Oceanography Centre (SOC), National Centers Environmental...