A5101670905- HIV Research and Treatment
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Ethics in medical practice
- Photoreceptor and optogenetics research
- Economic and Social Issues
- Social and Demographic Issues in Germany
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- T-cell and Retrovirus Studies
- MicroRNA in disease regulation
- Environmental Science and Technology
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Rabies epidemiology and control
- Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- Health and Medical Studies
- Cell death mechanisms and regulation
- NF-κB Signaling Pathways
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- Medical and Health Sciences Research
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- RNA modifications and cancer
- Cancer-related molecular mechanisms research
- Hepatitis C virus research
- Ubiquitin and proteasome pathways
University of Göttingen
2022-2025
Universitätsmedizin Göttingen
2021-2025
Kiel University
2024
Ruhr University Bochum
2023
Zug Cantonal Hospital
2003-2022
University of Würzburg
2019-2020
German Cancer Research Center
1996-2006
DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance
2006
Heidelberg University
1996-2005
University of Tübingen
1998
Opportunistic infections, such as aspergillosis, are among the most serious complications suffered by immunocompromised patients. Aspergillus fumigatus and other pathogenic fungi synthesize a toxic epipolythiodioxopiperazine metabolite called gliotoxin. Gliotoxin exhibits profound immunosuppressive activity in vivo. It induces apoptosis thymocytes, splenocytes, mesenteric lymph node cells can selectively deplete bone marrow of mature lymphocytes. The molecular mechanism which gliotoxin...
Extracts from certain Mexican Indian medicinal plants used in traditional indigenous medicine for the treatment of inflammations contain sequiterpene lactones (SLs), which specifically inhibit transcription factor NF-kappa B (Bork, P. M., Schmitz, M. L., Kuhnt, Escher, C., and Heinrich, (1997) FEBS Lett. 402, 85-90). Here we show that SLs prevented activation by different stimuli such as phorbol esters, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, ligation T-cell receptor, hydrogen peroxide various cell...
Azidothymidine and ribavirin both inhibit replication of human immunodeficiency virus in vitro show promise clinical utility patients infected with this virus. In study, the possible interactions these drugs were examined vitro, a reproducible antagonism between azidothymidine was found to occur under variety experimental conditions. The mechanism responsible for appeared be inhibition phosphorylation by ribavirin. Because similar effects may vivo, trials two combination must performed only...
Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases are important mediators of the cellular stress response. Here, we investigated relationship between activation MAP kinase p38 and transcription factor NF-κB. Different forms were found to preferentially trigger either or Arsenite osmotic potently activated but ineffective in inducing NF-κB activation. Tumor necrosis factor-α hydrogen peroxide, contrast, led only modestly stimulated p38. The was strongly abolished by antioxidants, while activity AP-1...
Both recombinant alpha A interferon and azidothymidine inhibit the replication of human immunodeficiency virus in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Combinations at concentrations that are easily achievable patients synergistically vitro with minimal toxicity. antiretroviral compounds act by different mechanisms may prove useful treatment acquired syndrome-related disorders.
We tested serum samples from Swiss subjects by three different assays based on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot techniques for antibodies to proteins associated with the recently discovered human T-cell leukemia/lymphoma virus HTLV-III, putative etiologic agent acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Of 10 patients AIDS pre-AIDS, all were antibody-positive. Furthermore, 37 of 103 intravenous-drug addicts (36 per cent), 4 40 healthy homosexual men (10 7 83 various...
Activation-induced cell death of T lymphocytes requires the inducible expression CD95 (APO-1/Fas) ligand, which triggers apoptosis in CD95-bearing target cells by an autocrine or paracrine mechanism. Although execution pathway is largely independent reactive oxygen intermediates, activation-induced blocked a variety antioxidants. In present study, we investigated involvement redox processes regulation ligand (CD95L) Jurkat cells. We show that various antioxidants potently inhibited...
Reduction/oxidation (redox) processes have been implicated in various biologic processes, including signal transduction, gene expression, and cell proliferation. Thioredoxin is one of the major redox-regulatory molecules which because its dithiol/disulfide exchange activity determines oxidation state protein thiols. In this study, we report that treatment several types with thioredoxin strongly enhances expression cytokines. monocytic Mono Mac6 cells stimulated phorbolester tetradecanoyl...
Apoptosis plays an important role in neurodegeneration, although the mechanisms and mediators brain are largely unknown. Because microglial cells have been suggested to contribute apoptosis neurological disorders, we investigated expression of death ligand CD95L this cell type. We found that, compared classical activation, most potent inducer was oxidative stress. Exposure H 2 O or paraquat rapidly triggered mRNA protein expression, associated with activation transcription factor NF‐κB....
The antiviral activities of various interferon preparations against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were evaluated in vitro. Recombinant inferferon alpha-A, and beta interferons leukocyte-derived alpha show similar concentration-dependent activity. lymphocyte-derived gamma minimal activity HIV replication normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells, but definite the H9 lymphocytic U937 monocyte-macrophage cell lines.
Abstract G q proteins are universally important for signal transduction in mammalian cells. The underlying kinetics and transformation from extracellular stimuli into intracellular signaling, however could not be investigated detail so far. Here we present the human Neuropsin (hOPN5) specific repetitive manipulation of signaling vitro vivo with high spatio-temporal resolution. Properties protein specificity hOPN5 characterized by UV light induced IP 3 generation, Ca 2+ transients inhibition...
Current diagnosis of renal cancer consists histopathologic examination tissue sections and classification into tumor stages grades malignancy. Until recently, molecular differences between types were largely unknown. To examine such differences, we did gene expression measurements 112 cell carcinoma normal kidney samples on carcinoma-specific cDNA microarrays containing 4,207 genes expressed sequence tags. The patterns showed deregulation complete biological pathways in the tumors. Many...
Nucleoside analogs were synthesized and tested for anti-HIV-1 activity in two vitro test systems using MT-4 cells peripheral blood lymphocytes. Cytotoxicity was assessed both assays additionally several human lymphoblastoid cell lines. One analog, 3'-fluoro-3'-deoxythymidine, exhibited higher antiviral potency slightly cytotoxicity than 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine. Analogs showing lower 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine demonstrated reduced activity. 3'-fluoro-3'-deoxythymidine may become an...
Journal Article A Method for the Quantification of Intracellular Zidovudine Nucleotides Get access Herbert Kuster, Kuster Division Infectious Diseases, Department Medicine, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland Search other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Markus Vogt, Vogt Beda Joos, Joos Vera Nadai, Nadai Ruedi Lüthy The Volume 164, Issue 4, October 1991, Pages 773–776, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/164.4.773 Published: 01 1991 history Received: 05...
ABSTRACT Background Optogenetics is a cutting‐edge approach that can enable direct stimulation of gastric smooth muscle cells (SMC) by combining cell‐specific overexpression light‐sensitive proteins with light stimulation. We previously demonstrated optogenetic SMC via depolarization restore contractility and food propulsion could become new treatment strategy for gastroparesis. The human receptor Neuropsin (hOPN5) enables activation G q signaling UV light. Herein, we explore this SMC....
Rationale: Antral peristalsis is responsible for gastric emptying. Its failure called gastroparesis and often caused by dysfunction of enteric neurons interstitial cells Cajal (ICC). Current treatment options, including electrical stimulation, are non-satisfying may improve symptoms but commonly fail to restore Herein, we explore direct optogenetic stimulation smooth muscle (SMC) via the light-gated non-selective cation channel Channelrhodopsin2 (ChR2) control motor function. Methods: We...
A total of 105 patients (mean age 57, range 15 to 90) with serious infections were treated intravenous ceftazidime, usually 2 g 8-hourly. Most had complicating factors such as major surgery, cancer, chronic obstructive lung disease, catheters or anatomical abnormalities. Eighty-seven infectious episodes in 77 could be assessed for efficacy. Bacteraemia was diagnosed 26% these episodes. Seventy-five per cent due Gram-negative bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa being the most frequent. The sites...