Biological regeneration of articular cartilage continues to be a challenge at present. Functional engineered implants with patient-specific sizes are difficult achieve. The aim this study is fabricate biocompatible cell-laden hydrogel designable structure. Covalent hydrogels were prepared water soluble hydroxybutyl chitosan (HBC) and oxidized chondroitin sulfate (OCS) via Schiff-base reaction. With the aid three-dimensional (3D) bioprinted sacrificial molds, HBC/OCS various structures...

Demulsification of water-in-bitumen emulsion was studied using 52 nonionic surfactants different chemical families. Relative solubility number (RSN) and molecular weight were determined for these demulsifiers. Their dewatering performance evaluated by determining the rate water separation during gravitational settling centrifugation. The results indicated that there is no overall correlation between demulsification RSN value. However, within a given surfactant family, such as polymerized...

Different track failures are proven to have different influences on train-track interactions, but their influence pantograph-catenary interactions has not been investigated thus far. In this work, the of typical interaction dynamics first investigated. A reduced train-track-pantograph-catenary model is developed study these effects. model, long catenary a small moving area around pantograph, and considered modelled as based arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian method. The pantograph formulated it...

Significant grain refinement in cast metals can be achieved through the application of electric currents during solidification process. The present paper investigates distribution on size solidified Al-7wt.%Si alloy under current with constant parameters flowing two parallel electrodes into melt within a cylindrical mould. was controlled by applying an electrical insulation material coating, boron nitride (NB), to sidewall electrodes. Experimental results showed that employment these...

Abstract Although separating CO 2 from flue gas with ionic liquids has been regarded as a new and effective method, the mass transfer properties of absorption in these solvents have not researched. In this paper, coupled computational fluid dynamic (CFD) model population balance (PBM) was applied to study for capturing solvents. The numerical simulation performed using Fluent code. Considering unique liquids, Eulerian‐Eulerian two‐flow drag coefficient correlation employed gas‐liquid...

Abstract A new three-dimensional moving Timoshenko beam element is developed for dynamic analysis of a load problem with very long structure. The has small deformations and rotations, bending, shear, torsional the are considered. Since responses concentrated on region around most at rest, owing to damping effect, truncated finite length. control volume that attached introduced, which encloses beam, reference coordinate system established left end beam. arbitrary Lagrangian–Euler method used...

The effective vibration area includes most of the catenary caused by pantograph–catenary interactions and is basis real-time model for hardware-in-the-loop simulation. However, while length one important parameters model, it has not been fully studied at present. In this paper, first investigated. A interaction developed based on modal superposition method. After validation energy distribution used to determine converged total energy. influence vehicle velocity contact wire tension obtained...

Abstract Using ionic liquid (IL) [C 2 MIM][PF 6 ] as an additive could remarkably improve the performance of acetonitrile (CAN) process, which is most widely used distillation process to produce 1,3‐butadiene (1,3‐BT). In this work, a rigorous simulation new IL 1,3‐BT was carried out evaluate on industrial scale, using UNIFAC global thermodynamic model. Based models, some key operation parameters, such solvent ratio and reflux ratio, were determined by sensitivity analysis. Furthermore,...

This paper studies the influence of lateral and local rail deformation on train–track interaction dynamics in high-speed railways. While traditional method ignores curvature a laterally locally deformed treats it as straight with an additional displacement, this considers curved models using reduced beam model necessary changes to fit rail. Thus, presented is more realistic can accurately efficiently analyses dynamics. After calculation dynamic responses without irregularities, amplitude...

A series of theoretical analysis about double island-beam structure sensor is discussed in this paper. The position for sitting resistances on the diaphragm, resistance values and width are analyzed detail. Utilizing finite-element method (FEM) simulation software ANSYS, static dynamics computer carried out strain diaphragm piezoresistive micro-pressure sensor. Analysis by ANSYS reveals that which we adopted paper has a high sensitivity, good linearity, anti-overload so on.

Influence on the natural vibrating frequencies of boom is analyzed, which brought by rigid body and deformation coupling in a large crane when luffing. Additional influence mass hook pulley block also taken into account. Based theory flexible multi-body system, equation describing vibration nominal motion created Lagrange method. And it uncoupled state vector approach complex modal analysis. The results are three pairs conjugate numbers smaller than those worked out structure dynamics...

A novel technology on plate heat exchanger was introduced. Heat transfer and pressure loss were investigated with water flow through dimple herringbone as well R410A boiling condensing. Experiments three kinds of patterns (one plate, one normal plate) performed based given flux (6~14 kW/m2), comparatively. Test results single phase condenser showed that two plates have high efficiency low under same conditions capacity due to unique channel cell design. For evaporator application, the...

The aim of this article is to investigate the optimization electric vehicle charging and swapping for green logistics, as well path planning considering urban impedance. We improved a road impedance function model suitable traffic in China calculate actual time based on real-time data intricate environment. This then applied address delivery problem. Furthermore, robust computational approach introduced estimate battery degradation costs, accounting environmental temperature depth discharge....

Score distillation of 2D diffusion models has proven to be a powerful mechanism guide 3D optimization, for example enabling text-based generation or single-view reconstruction. A common limitation existing score formulations, however, is that the outputs (mode-seeking) optimization are limited in diversity despite underlying model being capable generating diverse samples. In this work, inspired by sampling process denoising diffusion, we propose formulation guides follow paths defined random...

The numerical modeling and experimental test are carried out to analyze the effects of coupling between structure hydrocyclone internal spiral flow on motion hydrocyclone, interaction fluid is fully considered. model (FSI) with variable diameter circular pipe presented in this paper, related simulation research also out. Using established fluid-structure model, dynamic characteristic under FSI condition discussed, which obtained vibration characteristics inter facial stress distribution...

Abstract A new moving Kirchhoff–Love plate element is developed in this work to accurately and efficiently calculate the dynamic response of vehicle–pavement interaction. Since vehicle can only affect a small region nearby, wide pavement reduced area around vehicle. The loads along an arbitrary trajectory considered, Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) method used here for coordinate conversion. spatially discretized using current (MPE), where its governing equations are derived Lagrange’s equations....