A5037026839- Gut microbiota and health
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Infant Nutrition and Health
- Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Dietary Effects on Health
- Protein Kinase Regulation and GTPase Signaling
- Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Digestive system and related health
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Microbial Metabolites in Food Biotechnology
- Cellular transport and secretion
- PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in cancer
- Galectins and Cancer Biology
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Enzyme Structure and Function
- Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
- Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- Consumer Attitudes and Food Labeling
- Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Enzyme function and inhibition
Stanford University
2016-2025
Palo Alto University
2025
Stanford Medicine
2019-2023
Washington University in St. Louis
2004-2021
Salk Institute for Biological Studies
2003
University of California, San Diego
2001-2002
Seasonal diets, seasonal microbiota Among the Hadza of western Tanzania, a few hundred people still live in small groups as hunter-gatherers, reliant solely on wild environment for food. Smits et al. found that these reflects availability different types food (see Perspective by Peddada). Between seasons, striking differences were observed their gut microbial communities, with some taxa apparently disappearing, only to reappear when seasons turned. Further comparison diverse urbanized...
Significance Our data demonstrate that differences in host genotype affect the carbohydrate landscape of distal gut interact with diet to alter composition and function resident microbes a diet-dependent manner.
Infant microbiome assembly has been intensely studied in infants from industrialized nations, but little is known about this process nonindustrialized populations. We deeply sequenced infant stool samples the Hadza hunter-gatherers of Tanzania and analyzed them a global meta-analysis. microbiomes develop along lifestyle-associated trajectories, with more than 20% genomes detected gut representing novel species. Industrialized infants-even those who are breastfed-have characterized by paucity
The gut microbiome modulates immune and metabolic health. Human data are biased toward industrialized populations, limiting our understanding of non-industrialized microbiomes. Here, we performed ultra-deep metagenomic sequencing on 351 fecal samples from the Hadza hunter-gatherers Tanzania comparative populations in Nepal California. We recovered 91,662 genomes bacteria, archaea, bacteriophages, eukaryotes, 44% which absent existing unified datasets. identified 124 gut-resident species...
The study of traditional populations provides a view human-associated microbes unperturbed by industrialization, as well window into the microbiota that co-evolved with humans. Here we discuss our recent work characterizing from Hadza hunter-gatherers Tanzania. We found seasonal shifts in bacterial taxa, diversity, and carbohydrate utilization microbiota. When compared to composition other around world, shares families societies are rare or absent microbiotas industrialized nations. present...
Increasing evidence suggests that, compared with an omnivorous diet, a vegan diet confers potential cardiovascular benefits from improved quality (ie, higher consumption of vegetables, legumes, fruits, whole grains, nuts, and seeds).To compare the effects healthy vs on cardiometabolic measures during 8-week intervention.This single-center, population-based randomized clinical trial 22 pairs twins (N = 44) participants to or (1 twin per diet). Participant enrollment began March 28, 2022,...
An individual's immune and metabolic status is coupled to their microbiome. Probiotics offer a promising, safe route influence host health, possibly via the Here, we report an 18-week, randomized prospective study that explores effects of probiotic vs. placebo supplement on 39 adults with elevated parameters syndrome. We performed longitudinal sampling stool blood profile human microbiome system. While did not see changes in syndrome markers response across entire cohort, there were...
The activity and intracellular localization of protein kinase C (PKC) family members are controlled by phosphorylation at three highly conserved sites in the catalytic domain. In case novel PKC∊ isoform, these Thr566 activation loop, Thr710 turn motif Ser729 C-terminal hydrophobic motif. present study, we analysed contribution phosphoinositide-dependent 1 (PDK-1) controlling Ser729. NIH 3T3 fibroblasts, migrated as a single band, stimulation with platelet-derived growth factor resulted...
Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron is a prominent member of our normal adult intestinal microbial community and useful model for studying the foundations human-bacterial mutualism in densely populated distal gut microbiota. A central question how members this microbiota sense nutrients implement an appropriate metabolic response. B. contains large number glycoside hydrolases not represented own proteome, plus markedly expanded collection hybrid two-component system (HTCS) proteins that incorporate...
Microbiota-accessible carbohydrates (MACs) are powerful modulators of microbiota composition and function. These substrates often derived from diet, such as complex polysaccharides plants or human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) during breastfeeding. Host-derived mucus glycans on gut-secreted mucin proteins serve a continuous endogenous source MACs for resident microbes; here we investigate the potential role purified, orally administered in maintaining healthy microbial community. In this...
Abstract Background Geroscience focuses on interventions to mitigate molecular changes associated with aging. Lifestyle modifications, medications, and social factors influence the aging process, yet complex mechanisms require an in-depth exploration of epigenetic landscape. The specific clock predictor effects a vegan diet, compared omnivorous remain underexplored despite potential impacts aging-related outcomes. Methods This study examined impact entirely plant-based or healthy diet over 8...
Phosphorylation by the phosphoinositide-dependent kinase, PDK-1, is required for activation of diverse members AGC family protein kinases, including kinase C (PKC) isozymes. Here we explore subcellular location PDK-1-mediated phosphorylation conventional PKCs, and address whether this regulated phosphoinositide 3-kinase. Pulse-chase experiments reveal that newly synthesized endogenous PKC α primarily phosphorylated in membrane fraction COS-7 cells, where it processed to a species at loop two...
The activity and intracellular localization of protein kinase C (PKC) family members are controlled by phosphorylation at three highly conserved sites in the catalytic domain. In case novel PKC∊ isoform, these Thr566 activation loop, Thr710 turn motif Ser729 C-terminal hydrophobic motif. present study, we analysed contribution phosphoinositide-dependent 1 (PDK-1) controlling Ser729. NIH 3T3 fibroblasts, migrated as a single band, stimulation with platelet-derived growth factor resulted...
The gut microbiome is a key modulator of immune and metabolic health. Human data biased towards industrialized populations, providing limited understanding the distinct diverse non-industrialized microbiomes. Here, we performed ultra-deep metagenomic sequencing strain cultivation on 351 fecal samples from Hadza, hunter-gatherers in Tanzania, comparative populations Nepal California. We recover 94,971 total genomes bacteria, archaea, bacteriophages, eukaryotes, 43% which are absent existing...