A5076941071- Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Astro and Planetary Science
- Climate variability and models
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Planetary Science and Exploration
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Space Exploration and Technology
- Astronomy and Astrophysical Research
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Scientific Research and Discoveries
- Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies
- Spectroscopy and Laser Applications
- Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Spaceflight effects on biology
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Aquatic and Environmental Studies
- Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research
- Calibration and Measurement Techniques
- Aeolian processes and effects
University of Exeter
2020-2025
University of Bristol
2025
University of Reading
2023
University of East Anglia
2016-2019
Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research
2018
University of Bergen
2018
Moscow State University
2014
Kazan Federal University
2010-2012
Abstract The Iceland and Greenland Seas are a crucial region for the climate system, being headwaters of lower limb Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. Investigating atmosphere–ocean–ice processes in this often necessitates use meteorological reanalyses—a representation atmospheric state based on assimilation observations into numerical weather prediction system. Knowing quality reanalysis products is vital their proper use. Here we evaluate surface‐layer meteorology surface...
Abstract To identify promising exoplanets for atmospheric characterization and to make the best use of observational data, a thorough understanding their atmospheres is needed. Three-dimensional general circulation models (GCMs) are one most comprehensive tools available this task will be used interpret observations temperate rocky exoplanets. Due parameterization choices made in GCMs, they can produce different results, even same planet. Employing four widely exoplanetary GCMs—ExoCAM,...
Abstract With the commissioning of powerful, new-generation telescopes such as James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) and ground-based Extremely Large Telescopes, first characterization a high molecular weight atmosphere around temperate rocky exoplanet is imminent. Atmospheric simulations synthetic observables target exoplanets are essential to prepare interpret these observations. Here we report results part TRAPPIST-1 Habitable Atmosphere Intercomparison (THAI) project, which compares 3D...
Abstract The TRAPPIST-1 Habitable Atmosphere Intercomparison (THAI) is a community project that aims to quantify how differences in general circulation models (GCMs) could impact the climate prediction for TRAPPIST-1e and, subsequently, its atmospheric characterization transit. Four GCMs have participated THAI: ExoCAM, LMD-Generic, ROCKE-3D, and UM. This paper, focused on simulated observations, third part of trilogy, following analysis two land planet scenarios (Part I) aquaplanet II). Here...
Abstract We present a transmission spectrum of the misaligned hot Jupiter WASP-15b from 2.8–5.2 microns observed with JWST’s NIRSpec/G395H grating. Our high signal to noise data, which has negligible red noise, reveals significant absorption by H2O (4.2σ) and CO2 (8.9σ). From independent data reduction atmospheric retrieval approaches, we infer that WASP-15b’s metallicity is super-solar (≳ 15 × solar) its C/O consistent solar, together imply planetesimal accretion. GCM simulations for...
Using a 3D general circulation model (GCM), we investigate the sensitivity of climate tidally-locked Earth-like exoplanets, Trappist-1e and Proxima Centauri b, to choice convection parameterization. Compared mass-flux parameterization, simplified adjustment parameterization leads $>$60% decrease cloud albedo, increasing mean day-side temperature by $\approx$10 K. The representation also affects atmospheric conditions night side, via change in planetary-scale wave patterns. As result, using...
Abstract The era of atmospheric characterization terrestrial exoplanets is just around the corner. Modeling prior to observations crucial in order predict observational challenges and prepare for data interpretation. This paper presents report TRAPPIST Habitable Atmosphere Intercomparison workshop (2020 September 14–16). A review climate models parameterizations processes on exoplanets, model advancements, limitations, as well direction future development, was discussed. We hope that this...
Abstract Equatorward excursions of cold polar air masses into ice-free regions, so-called Cold Air Outbreaks (CAO), are frequently accompanied by the development severe mesoscale weather features. Focusing on two key Labrador Sea and Greenland/Norwegian Sea, we apply objective detection for both CAO events cyclones to outline temporal evolution quantify associated cyclogenesis. We introduce a novel metric, CAO-depth, which incorporates static stability temperature mass. The large-scale...
Abstract Using a 3D general circulation model, we demonstrate that confirmed rocky exoplanet and primary observational target, TRAPPIST-1e presents an interesting case of climate bistability. We find the atmospheric on can exist in two distinct regimes for 1 bar nitrogen-dominated atmosphere. One is characterized by single strong equatorial prograde jet large day–night temperature difference; other pair mid-latitude jets relatively small contrast. The regime appears to be highly sensitive...
Abstract. We demonstrate that LFRic-Atmosphere, a model built using the Met Office's GungHo dynamical core, is able to reproduce idealised large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns specified by several widely used benchmark recipes. This motivated rapid rate of exoplanet discovery and ever-growing need for numerical modelling characterisation their atmospheres. Here we present LFRic-Atmosphere's results tests imitating regimes commonly in community. The benchmarks include three analytic...
Abstract Radiative transfer (RT) models are critical in the interpretation of exoplanetary spectra, simulating exoplanet climates, and when designing specifications future flagship observatories. However, most differ methodologies input data, which can lead to significantly different spectra. In this paper, we present experimental protocol Modeling Atmospheric Lines By Exoplanet Community (MALBEC) project. MALBEC is an model intercomparison project that belongs Climates Using Interactive...
ABSTRACT Transport-induced quenching in hot Jupiter atmospheres is a process that determines the boundary between part of atmosphere at chemical equilibrium and thermochemical (but not photothermochemical) disequilibrium. The location this boundary, quench level, depends on interplay dynamical time-scales atmosphere, with occurring when these are equal. We explore sensitivity level position to an increase planet’s atmospheric metallicity using aerosol-free 3D general circulation model...
During March 2013 a series of polar lows originated in high‐vorticity (>10 −3 s −1 ) shear zone that was associated with prolonged marine cold‐air outbreak over the Norwegian Sea. A detailed analysis one shear‐line low at leading edge is presented using comprehensive observations from well‐instrumented aircraft, dropsondes, scatterometer and CloudSat data, numerical modelling output convection‐resolving configuration Met Office Unified Model. The maximum low‐level wind gradient across...
Abstract The Iceland Greenland Seas Project (IGP) is a coordinated atmosphere–ocean research program investigating climate processes in the source region of densest waters Atlantic meridional overturning circulation. During February and March 2018, field campaign was executed over southern that utilized range observing platforms to investigate critical region, including vessel, aircraft, moorings, sea gliders, floats, meteorological buoy. A remarkable feature highly deployment platforms,...
The majority of detected potentially habitable exoplanets orbit stars cooler than the Sun and are therefore irradiated by a stellar spectrum that peaks at longer wavelengths incident on Earth. Here, we present results from set simulations tidally locked terrestrial planets orbiting three different host to isolate effect spectra simulated climate. Specifically, perform based TRAPPIST-1e, adopting an Earth-like atmosphere using UK Met Office Unified Model in idealised ‘aqua-planet’...
A key factor in determining the potential habitability of synchronously rotating planets is strength atmospheric boundary layer inversion between dark side surface and free atmosphere. Here we analyse data obtained from polar night measurements at South Pole Alert Canada, which are closest analogues on Earth to conditions sides exoplanets without with a maritime influence, respectively. On Earth, such inversions rarely exceed 30 K strength, because effect turbulent mixing induced by...
Using a three-dimensional general circulation model, we show that the atmospheric dynamics on tidally locked Earth-like exoplanet, simulated with planetary and orbital parameters of Proxima Centauri b, support longitudinally asymmetric stratospheric wind oscillation (LASO), analogous to Earth's quasi-biennial (QBO). In our simulations, LASO has vertical extent 35--55 km, period 5--6.5 months, peak-to-peak speed amplitude -70 +130 m/s maximum at an altitude 41 km. Unlike QBO, displays...
Abstract Convective processes are crucial in shaping exoplanetary atmospheres but computationally expensive to simulate directly. A novel technique of simulating moist convection on tidally locked exoplanets is use a global 3D model with stretched mesh. This allows us locally refine the resolution 4.7 km and resolve fine-scale convective without relying parameterizations. We explore impact mesh stretching climate slowly rotating TRAPPIST-1e-like planet, assuming it 1:1 locked. In...
Electrical processes such as lightning and transient luminous events (TLEs) are important drivers of chemical in planetary atmospheres, including potentially facilitating the formation prebiotic molecules. The numerous extrasolar planets discovered present a huge diversity environmental conditions to explore possible emergence electrical processes. To this end, we adapt general circulation models simulate these exoplanet atmospheres study potential Here, results from simulations tidally...
Abstract The formation and migration history of a planet is expected to be imprinted in its atmosphere, particular carbon-to-oxygen (C/O) ratio metallicity. BOWIE-ALIGN programme performing comparative study JWST spectra four aligned misaligned hot Jupiters, with the aim characterising their atmospheres corroborating link between observables history. In this work, we present 2.8 − 5.2 micron transmission spectrum TrES-4 b, Jupiter an orbit rotation axis F-type host star. Using free chemistry...
Determining the habitability and interpreting atmospheric spectra of exoplanets requires understanding their physics chemistry. We use a 3-D Coupled Climate-Chemistry Model, Met Office Unified Model with UK Chemistry Aerosols framework, to study emergence lightning its chemical impact on tidally-locked Earth-like exoplanets. simulate atmosphere Proxima Centauri b orbiting in Habitable Zone M-dwarf star, but results apply similar planets. Our network includes Chapman ozone reactions hydrogen...
Abstract Cloud cover at the planetary limb of water-rich Earth-like planets is likely to weaken chemical signatures in transmission spectra, impeding attempts characterize these atmospheres. However, based on observations Earth and Solar System worlds, exoplanets with atmospheres should have both short-term weather long-term climate variability, implying that cloud may be less during some observing periods. We identify describe a mechanism driving periodic clear sky events terminators...
Abstract. We present results from the Met Office Unified Model (UM), a world-leading climate and weather model, adapted to simulate dry Martian climate. detail adaptation of basic parameterisations analyse two simulations, one with radiatively active mineral dust inactive dust. These simulations demonstrate how radiative effects act accelerate winds create mid-altitude isothermal layer during dusty season. validate our model through comparison an established Mars Laboratoire de Météorologie...
ABSTRACT The life cycles of intense high-latitude mesoscale cyclones and polar lows are strongly shaped by their ambient environments. This study focuses on the influence orography Svalbard sea ice cover in Norwegian Barents Seas low development. We investigate two typical that formed near during northerly cold-air outbreaks. Each case is simulated using Met Office Unified Model with convection-permitting grid spacing. A series sensitivity experiments conducted an artificially changed land...
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: Thomas Spengler, Geophysical Institute, University of Bergen, Postboks 7803, 5020 Norway, E-mail: thomas.spengler@gfi.uib.no