A5065168674- Climate variability and models
- Tree-ring climate responses
- Hydrology and Drought Analysis
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Historical and Archaeological Studies
- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Historical Geography and Cartography
- Botany and Plant Ecology Studies
- Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies
- Flood Risk Assessment and Management
- Aeolian processes and effects
- Science and Climate Studies
- Image Processing and 3D Reconstruction
- Climate change impacts on agriculture
- Climate Change and Health Impacts
- Ancient and Medieval Archaeology Studies
- Plant Ecology and Soil Science
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Wind and Air Flow Studies
- Plant responses to elevated CO2
- Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
- Marine and environmental studies
- Landslides and related hazards
Masaryk University
2015-2024
Czech Academy of Sciences, Global Change Research Institute
2014-2023
University of Bern
2020
Czech Academy of Sciences
2014
Abstract Instrumental meteorological measurements from periods prior to the start of national weather services are designated “early instrumental data.” They have played an important role in climate research as they allow daily decadal variability and changes temperature, pressure, precipitation, including extremes, be addressed. Early data can also help place twenty-first century climatic into a historical context such defining preindustrial its variability. Until recently, focus was on...
Abstract. The use of documentary evidence to investigate past climatic trends and events has become a recognised approach in recent decades. This contribution presents the state art its application droughts. range is very wide, including general annals, chronicles, memoirs diaries kept by missionaries, travellers those specifically interested weather; records administrators tasked with keeping accounts other financial economic records; legal-administrative evidence; religious sources;...
Abstract This study analyses long‐term changes in drought indices (Standardised Precipitation Index—SPI, Standardised Precipitation–Evapotranspiration Index—SPEI) at 1 and 3 months scales 182 stations 11 central eastern European countries during 1949–2018. For comparative purposes, the necessary atmospheric evaporative demand (AED) to obtain SPEI was calculated using two methods, Hargreaves‐Samani (SPEIH) Penman‐Monteith (SPEIP). The results show some relevant tendencies indices....
Abstract. This paper addresses droughts in the Czech Lands 1090–2012 AD period, basing its findings on documentary evidence and instrumental records. Various sources were employed for selection of drought events, which then interpreted at a monthly level. While data before 1500 are scarce, analysis concentrated mainly after this time. A dry year 1501–1804 period (i.e. pre-instrumental times) was defined as calendar course patterns occurred least two consecutive months. Using definition, 129...
Drought is an extreme meteorological phenomenon involving serious economic consequences. In the Czech Lands, it reflected in significant reductions agricultural productivity, lack of water for hygiene and industry, impacts forest management. Mean monthly temperature precipitation series created Lands 1805–2012 were used to calculate spring (MAM) summer (JJA) drought indices (SPI-1, SPI-12, SPEI-1, SPEI-12, Z-index PDSI), which then further analyses. Fluctuations demonstrate increasing...
ABSTRACT The weather conditions from August 2011 to May 2012 produced an extreme drought in the eastern Czech Republic (Moravia), whereas patterns were nearly normal its western region (Bohemia). Southern and Central Moravia regions, which represent most important agricultural areas, affected by drought. precipitation totals for studied period 50–70% of long‐term mean, was calculated 1961–2000. In autumn 2011, total accounted 10–30% mean Moravia, increasing 30–50% spring 2012. Moreover, 7.5%...
CR Climate Research Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout JournalEditorsSpecials 70:103-117 (2016) - DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/cr01380 Documentary and instrumental-based drought indices for Czech Lands back AD 1501 Rudolf Brázdil1,2,*, Petr Dobrovolný1,2, Miroslav Trnka2,3, Ulf Büntgen2,4,5, Ladislava Řezníčková1,2, Oldřich Kotyza6, Hubert Valášek1,7, Štĕpánek2,8 1Institute of Geography, Masaryk University,...
Abstract. The eruption of Mount Tambora (Indonesia) in April 1815 is the largest documented volcanic history. It associated with a large global cooling during following year, felt particularly parts Europe and North America, where year 1816 became known as "year without summer". This paper describes an effort made to collect surface meteorological observations from early instrumental period, focus on years immediately (1815–1817). Although collection aimed particular at pressure...
CR Climate Research Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout JournalEditorsSpecials 70:161-178 (2016) - DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/cr01387 The Central European drought of 1947: causes and consequences, with particular reference Czech Lands Rudolf Brázdil1,2,*, Pavel Raška3, Miroslav Trnka2,4, Zahradníček2,5, Hubert Valášek1,6, Petr Dobrovolný1,2, Ladislava Řezníčková1,2, Treml7, Zdeněk Stachonˇ1 1Institute...
Abstract Floods from the middle part of River Morava (eastern Czech Republic) are considered over course past three centuries, study being based on data derived documentary evidence (1691–1880), measured peak water stages, Hk (1881–1920) and discharges, Qk (1916–2009), evaluated with respect to their N-year return period (HN QN ). Changes in land use management (water reservoirs, channel modifications) discussed, as factors influencing runoff conditions catchment. Decadal synthesis flood...
Abstract. The Czech Lands are particularly rich in documentary sources that help elucidate droughts the pre-instrumental period (12th–18th centuries), together with descriptions of human responses to them. Although appear less frequently before 1501, evidence has enabled creation a series seasonal and summer half-year drought indices (Standardized Precipitation Index, SPI; Standardized Evapotranspiration SPEI; Z index) for 1501–2017 period. Based on calculation return indices, extreme were...
Abstract. Extreme droughts are weather phenomena of considerable importance, involving significant environmental and societal impacts. While those that have occurred in the comparatively recent period instrumental measurement identified dated on basis systematic, machine-standardized meteorological hydrological observations, took place pre-instrumental usually described only through medium documentary evidence. The extreme drought 1842 Europe presents a case which information from data can...
Abstract. This paper presents an analysis of fatalities attributable to weather conditions in the Czech Republic during 2000–2019 period. The database deployed contains information extracted from Právo, a leading daily newspaper, and Novinky.cz, its internet equivalent, supplemented by number other documentary sources. is performed for floods, windstorms, convective storms, rain, snow, glaze ice, frost, heat, fog. For each them, associated are investigated terms annual frequencies, trends,...
ABSTRACT This contribution employs instrumental records to analyse the temporal and spatial variability of monthly, seasonal annual maximum wind gusts ( MWGs ) in Czech Republic. The development an observation network capable measuring gusts, possible technical weaknesses measurements problems with establishing homogeneity wind‐gust data are described. For 1961–2014 period, quality‐checked from 19 synoptic stations Hydrometeorological Institute throughout territory Republic examined, divided...
Abstract. The European drought of 1921 is assessed in terms its impacts on society and physical characteristics. development the are categorized by a systematic survey newspaper reports from five newspapers covering area England to Czech Republic other parts Europe. This coupled reconstruction daily temperature precipitation based meteorological measurements quantify severity extent, reanalysis data used identify drivers. analysis shows that first started appear early spring lingered until...
This paper presents the potential of documentary evidence for enhancing study fatalities taking place in course hydrological and meteorological events (HMEs). Chronicles, “books memory”, weather diaries, newspapers (media), parliamentary proposals, epigraphic evidence, systematic meteorological/hydrological observations, professional papers provide a broad base gathering such information Czech Republic, especially since 1901. The spatiotemporal variability 269 Republic arising out 103 HMEs...
Abstract The development of the River Morava floodplain has been influenced by several natural and anthropogenic factors. This paper focuses on variations in flood activity channel changes region Strážnické Pomoraví (southeastern Czech Republic). Floods are analysed terms measured peak water stages, Hk (Rohatec, 1886–1920) discharges Qk (Rohatec/Strážnice, 1921–2010) evaluated with respect to their N-year return period (H N or QN ). frequency floods ≥ Q 2 reaches a significant maximum March,...
Abstract. The eruption of Mount Tambora in Indonesia 1815 was one the most powerful its kind recorded history. This contribution addresses climatic responses to it, post-eruption weather, and impacts on human life Czech Lands. effects are evaluated terms air temperature precipitation basis long-term homogenised series from Prague-Klementinum Brno meteorological stations, mean short term (1810–1820) long (1800–2010). analysis is complemented by other environmental data derived rich...
Abstract. Based on three drought indices (SPI, SPEI, Z-index) reconstructed from documentary evidence and instrumental records, the summers of 1531–1540 were identified as driest summer decade during 1501–2015 period in Czech Lands. data, extended scale to central Europe, dry patterns various intensities (represented, for example, by spells, low numbers precipitation days, very rivers, drying-out water sources) occurred 1532, 1534–1536, 1538, particularly 1540, broken wetter or normal 1531,...
Using documentary data and long-term temperature precipitation series for the years 1775–2007, climatic, weather other phenomena in Czech Lands following 1783 Lakagígar eruption Iceland 1815 Tambora Indonesia are investigated. The had clear post-volcanic effects on central Europe (dry fog, heavy thunderstorms, optical phenomena), with occurrence of significant cold anomalies winter 1783/84, spring 1785 summer autumn 1786. was not accompanied by any particular phenomena, but followed an...
Abstract. Since the second half of 17th century, tax relief has been available to farmers and landowners offset flood damage property (buildings) land (fields, meadows, pastures, gardens) in South Moravia, Czech Republic. Historically, written applications for this were supported by a relatively efficient bureaucratic process that left clear data trail documentation, preserved at several levels: communities affected, regional offices, Moravian Land Office, all which are be found estate...
ABSTRACT An extreme windstorm that took place on 7 December 1868 in the Czech Lands is analysed by means of rich documentary evidence from narrative sources, damage records, forestry journals and newspapers. Early meteorological measurements a numerical atmospheric reanalysis support reconstruction. The reached hurricane‐force over between 0900 1600 local mean time was related to passage cold front. high winds, achieving hurricane‐force, led loss human lives many other casualties, as well...