A5005540934- Climate variability and models
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Atomic and Molecular Physics
- Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems
- Scientific Computing and Data Management
- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Advanced Chemical Physics Studies
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Tree-ring climate responses
- Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications
- Service-Oriented Architecture and Web Services
- Research Data Management Practices
- X-ray Spectroscopy and Fluorescence Analysis
- Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques
- Nuclear physics research studies
- Advanced Data Storage Technologies
- Peer-to-Peer Network Technologies
- Spectroscopy and Laser Applications
- Laser-Matter Interactions and Applications
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Laser-induced spectroscopy and plasma
- Cold Atom Physics and Bose-Einstein Condensates
Met Office
2015-2024
University of Exeter
2021-2024
National Observatory of Athens
2024
China Meteorological Administration
2021-2022
China University of Geosciences
2021-2022
Renfe Operadora (Spain)
2022
Liaoning Meteorological Bureau
2022
Jilin Normal University
2022
Chinese Academy of Sciences
2021
University of Southern Queensland
2011-2021
Abstract The Twentieth Century Reanalysis (20CR) project is an international effort to produce a comprehensive global atmospheric circulation dataset spanning the twentieth century, assimilating only surface pressure reports and using observed monthly sea‐surface temperature sea‐ice distributions as boundary conditions. It chiefly motivated by need provide observational with quantified uncertainties for validations of climate model simulations century on all time‐scales, emphasis statistics...
Historical reanalyses that span more than a century are needed for wide range of studies, from understanding large‐scale climate trends to diagnosing the impacts individual historical extreme weather events. The Twentieth Century Reanalysis (20CR) Project is an effort fill this need. It supported by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Cooperative Institute Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), U.S. Department Energy (DOE), facilitated collaboration with...
Abstract An upgraded version of the Hadley Centre’s monthly historical mean sea level pressure (MSLP) dataset (HadSLP2) is presented. HadSLP2 covers period from 1850 to date, and based on numerous terrestrial marine data compilations. Each series used in underwent a quality control tests, erroneous or suspect values were either corrected, where possible, removed. Marine observations International Comprehensive Ocean Atmosphere Data Set controlled (assessed against climatology near neighbors)...
We present the second update to a data set of gridded land-based temperature and precipitation extremes indices: HadEX3. This consists 17 12 indices derived from daily, in situ observations recommended by World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Expert Team on Climate Change Detection Indices (ETCCDI). These have been calculated at around 7,000 locations for 17,000 precipitation. The annual (and monthly) interpolated 1.875°×1.25° longitude-latitude grid, covering 1901–2018. show changes these...
Abstract The performance of a new historical reanalysis, the NOAA–CIRES–DOE Twentieth Century Reanalysis version 3 (20CRv3), is evaluated via comparisons with other reanalyses and independent observations. This dataset provides global, 3-hourly estimates atmosphere from 1806 to 2015 by assimilating only surface pressure observations prescribing sea temperature, ice concentration, radiative forcings. Comparisons observations, reanalyses, satellite products suggest that 20CRv3 can reliably...
Abstract Instrumental meteorological measurements from periods prior to the start of national weather services are designated “early instrumental data.” They have played an important role in climate research as they allow daily decadal variability and changes temperature, pressure, precipitation, including extremes, be addressed. Early data can also help place twenty-first century climatic into a historical context such defining preindustrial its variability. Until recently, focus was on...
Exactly dated tree-ring chronologies from ENSO-sensitive regions in subtropical North America and Indonesia together register the strongest ENSO signal yet detected data worldwide have been used to reconstruct winter Southern Oscillation index (SOI) 1706 1977. This reconstruction explains 53% of variance instrumental SOI during boreal cool season (December–February) was verified time, space, frequency domains by comparisons with independent sea surface temperature (SST) data. The large-scale...
This study focuses on the interplay between mean sea level pressure (MSLP), surface temperature (SST), and wind cloudiness anomalies over Indian Ocean in seasonal composite sequences prior to, during, after strong, near-global El Niño La Niña episodes. It then examines MSLP SST 2–2.5-year quasi-biennial (QB) 2.5–7-year low-frequency (LF) bands that carry bulk of raw ENSO signal. Finally, these fields were examined conjunction with patterns correlations rainfall joint spatiotemporal empirical...
The instrumental record is too brief for evaluation of the El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO) system and its long‐term response to climate forcing. To supplement these data, we use a new reconstruction December–February Niño‐3 sea surface temperatures based on subtropical North American tree‐ring records investigate aspects ENSO variability over past six centuries (AD 1408–1978). Spectral analyses reveal that best resolves within “classical” band 2–8 years. A low amplitude epoch in 17th...
Abstract The development of a daily historical European–North Atlantic mean sea level pressure dataset (EMSLP) for 1850–2003 on 5° latitude by longitude grid is described. This product was produced using 86 continental and island stations distributed over the region 25°–70°N, 70°W–50°E blended with marine data from International Comprehensive Ocean–Atmosphere Data Set (ICOADS). EMSLP fields 1850–80 are based purely land station ship observations. From 1881, combined already available...
In 2006, climate applications scientists in Queensland, Australia, asked the lead author if a longer and more complete historical weather record could be created fed directly into various crop, pasture, production models.Existing dynamical reanalyses were steps toward such product, but they spanned only last six decades had well-known shortcomings.To meet needs of application scientists, new would have to extend much further back time while maintaining accuracy with limited observations.They...
Abstract In this study we compare three newly developed independent NINO3.4 sea surface temperature (SST) reconstructions using data from (1) the central Pacific (corals), (2) TexMex region of USA (tree rings) and (3) other regions in Tropics (corals an ice core) which are teleconnected with SSTs 20th century. Although these strongly calibrated well verified, inter‐proxy comparison shows a significant weakening coherence 19th This breakdown common signal could be related to insufficient...
Recent changes are found in the means and variability of North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index. There has been a sustained significant recent decrease summer NAO since 1990s and, at same time, striking increase winter – especially December that resulted three five (two five) record high (record low) Decembers occurring during 2004–2013 115-year record. These related to an increasing trend Greenland Blocking Index (GBI, pressure over Greenland) more variable GBI December. The enhanced early...
The cover shows a cropped image of the warming stripes (seen in full below), as developed by Ed Hawkins (Reading University, UK).Each vertical line global average temperature whole year, starting at 1850 on far left and ending with 2019 right.The underlying data are from HadCRUT4.6dataset UK Met Office Hadley Centre.To create other regions countries visit https://showyourstripes.
Abstract Quantitative approaches to climate risk management such as mapping or impact modelling rely on past meteorological data with daily sub‐daily resolution, a large fraction of which have not yet been digitized. Over the last decade so, number projects contributed rescue some these data. Here we provide summary survey undertaken several and projects, in order identify needs services. To make efforts more sustainable, additional integrated activities are needed. We argue that must be...
Effective diagnostic capacity is crucial for clinical decision-making, with up to 70% of decisions in high-resource settings based on laboratory test results. However, low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) access services often limited due the absence Laboratory Information Management Systems (LIMS). LIMS streamline operations by automating sample handling, analysis, reporting, leading improved quality faster Despite these benefits, sustainably implementing LMIC challenging high costs,...
Pressure data from Indonesia and Tahiti for years before 1866 are used to extend the Southern Oscillation index (SOI) back 1841, with a gap between 1861 1865. Further extension is possible using an of Jakarta rainday counts 1829. Rainday correlate (r = −0.60) average pressure June–November dry season over 1876–1944 period. Although low, this correlation still better than tree rings or SOI. After 1950 count–pressure relationship alters, by 1990s 18% more raindays (an increase seven per...
Future reanalyses might profit from assimilating additional historical surface as well upper-air data. In the framework of European Reanalysis Global Climate Observations (ERACLIM; www.era-clim.eu) project, significant amounts pre-1957 and data have been cataloged (>2.5 million station days), imaged (>450,000 images), digitized (>1.25 days) to prepare new input datasets for upcoming reanalyses. These cover large parts globe, focusing henceforth on less well-covered...
Abstract Observations are the foundation for understanding climate system. Yet, currently available land meteorological data highly fractured into various global, regional, and national holdings different variables time scales, from a variety of sources, in mixture formats. Added to this, many still inaccessible analysis usage. To meet modern scientific societal demands as well emerging needs such provision services, it is essential that we improve management curation land-based holdings. We...
Climate change has become a key environmental narrative of the 21st century. However, emphasis on science climate overshadowed studies focusing human interpretations history, adaptation and resilience, explorations institutions cultural coping strategies that may have helped people adapt to changes in past. Moreover, although idea been subject considerable scrutiny by physical sciences, recent scholarship highlighted need for re‐examination spatial dimensions climate, with contributions from...