- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Cytokine Signaling Pathways and Interactions
- Immune cells in cancer
- Cancer, Lipids, and Metabolism
- Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Reproductive System and Pregnancy
- Fatty Acid Research and Health
- interferon and immune responses
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
- Hepatitis C virus research
- NF-κB Signaling Pathways
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- IL-33, ST2, and ILC Pathways
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
- Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies
- RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
- Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Polysaccharides and Plant Cell Walls
Istituto Superiore di Sanità
2015-2024
University of Florence
2012
Sapienza University of Rome
1995
Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
1993
Abstract We investigated the interactions between human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) and Ag-activated circulating TCR-γδ-expressing lymphocytes (Vδ2). Coculture of immature DCs (iDCs) with peripheral blood Vδ2 T activated either pyrophosphomonoesters (isopentenyl pyrophosphate; IPP) or aminobiphosphonates (pamidronate; PAM) led to a significant up-modulation CD86 MHC class I molecules acquisition functional features typical DCs. DC activation induced by both IPP- PAM-stimulated γδ...
Although apoptosis is considered one of the major mechanisms CD4+ T cell depletion in HIV-infected patients, virus-infected cells somehow appear to be protected from apoptosis, which generally occurs bystander cells. Vpr an auxiliary HIV-1 protein, which, unlike other regulatory gene products, present at high copy number virus particles. We established stable transfectants Jurkat constitutively expressing low levels vpr. These clones exhibited cycle characteristics similar those...
// Marina Pierdominici 1 , Angela Maselli 2 Barbara Varano 3 Cristiana Barbati Paola Cesaro 4 Cristiano Spada Angelo Zullo 5 Roberto Lorenzetti Marco Rosati 6 Gabriella Rainaldi Maria Rosaria Limiti Luisa Guidi 7 Lucia Conti 3,* and Sandra Gessani Department of Cell Biology Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy Therapeutic Research Medicines Evaluation, Hematology, Oncology Molecular Medicine, Digestive Endoscopy Unit, Catholic University, Gastroenterology...
Interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) exerts a variety of immunoregulatory effects on several cell targets. It is generally assumed that IFN-gamma specifically produced by T and large granular lymphocytes. In this study, we show constitutively expressed in resting mouse peritoneal macrophages (PM). Treatment PM with cycloheximide results significant accumulation mRNA, suggesting short-lived mRNA accumulates when protein synthesis inhibited. Moreover, treatment also clear-cut mRNA. This effect not...
In vitro cultivated human monocytes isolated from normal peripheral blood show a time-dependent differentiation into macrophages characterized by an increased expression of transferrin receptors, CD11/CD18, and CD14 Ag. We measured the secretion TNF-alpha IL-6 in freshly differentiated after LPS treatment. Differentiated produced significantly higher amounts than monocytes. This was not result enhanced accumulation mRNA, as comparative levels these transcripts were found both cell types...
Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is a main site where metabolic and immunologic processes interplay to regulate, at local systemic level, the inflammatory status immune response. Obesity-associated inflammation dysfunctions are inextricably linked tumor but, in spite of intense efforts, mechanisms underpinning this association remain elusive. In report, we characterized profile VAT-associated circulating innate lymphocyte regulatory T (Treg) cell subsets underlying conditions, such as obesity...
In this study, we evaluated the effects of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and its gp120 protein on interleukin-10 (IL-10) expression in cultured monocytes/macrophages. Infection either 1-day monocytes or 7-day monocyte-derived macrophages with HIV-1 strain Ba-L resulted clear-cut accumulation IL-10 mRNA at 4 24 h. Likewise, treatment these cells recombinant induced caused a marked increase secretion. Monoclonal antibodies to strongly inhibited gp120-induced secretion by...
Myeloid dendritic cells (DC) and macrophages evolve from a common precursor. However, factors controlling monocyte differentiation toward DC or are poorly defined. We report that the surface density of GM-CSF receptor (GM-CSFR) alpha subunit in human peripheral blood monocytes varies among donors. Although no correlation was found between extent GM-CSFR into driven by IL-4, expression strongly influenced generation CD1a(+) dendritic-like absence IL-4. generated presence express CD40, CD80,...
Obesity is a low-grade chronic inflammatory state representing an important risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC). Adipocytes strongly contribute to inflammation by producing mediators. In this study we investigated the role of human visceral fat adipocytes in regulating functions innate immunity cells. Adipocyte-conditioned media (ACM) from obese (n = 14) and CRC (lean, n 14; obese, 13) subjects released higher levels pro-inflammatory/immunoregulatory factors as compared ACM healthy lean...
Obesity, a low-grade inflammatory condition, represents major risk factor for the development of several pathologies including colorectal cancer (CRC). Although adipose tissue state is now recognized as key player in obesity-associated morbidities, underlying biological processes are complex and not yet precisely defined. To this end, we analyzed transcriptome profiles human visceral adipocytes from lean obese subjects affected or by CRC RNA sequencing (n=6 subjects/category), validated...
In vitro cultivated human monocytes show a time-dependent differentiation into macrophages, characterized by an increased expression of macrophage-specific antigens. Monocytes-macrophages were infected with immunodeficiency virus type 1 strain Ba-L (HIV-1Ba-L) at different stages differentiation. When 7-day cultured macrophages in the presence antibodies to beta interferon (IFN-beta), significant increase HIV-1 p24 release was detected. This effect not observed 1-day monocytes. finding...
Abstract We investigated the effect of vpr, physiologically expressed during course an acute HIV-1 infection, on response infected cells to apoptotic stimuli as well HIV-induced apoptosis. At 48 h after Jurkat exhibited a lower susceptibility undergo apoptosis with respect uninfected cells. This was not observed following infection either vpr-mutated virus or wild-type strain in presence antisense oligodeoxynucleotides targeted at vpr mRNA. Single-cell analysis, aimed simultaneously...
We evaluated the effect of IFN-beta on expression transferrin receptor (TfR) during in vitro differentiation peripheral blood monocytes to macrophages. exerted a strong inhibitory TfR. As little as 0.1 IU/ml was sufficient induce 40% reduction (Tf) binding sites 7-day cultured Scatchard plot analysis revealed that this impaired Tf IFN-beta-treated macrophages not due decreased affinity TfR for its ligand but number cell surface IFN-gamma did exert any significant TfR, even though it capable...
Interferon (IFN) regulatory factor (IRF)-4 is a lymphoid- and myeloid-restricted transcription of the IRF family. We analyzed its expression during differentiation human monocytes along macrophage or dendritic cell (DC) pathway in blood myeloid plasmacytoid DC (M-DC P-DC, respectively) subsets. Monocyte into DC, driven by granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating (GM-CSF)/interleukin-4 GM-CSF/IFN-beta, resulted strong up-regulation IRF-4 mRNA protein, which was further increased...
The monocyte/macrophage lineage represents heterogeneous cell populations characterized by major differences in the phenotype and functional activities. These cells are a source of soluble factors, such as cytokines chemokines, which can both affect HIV replication AIDS pathogenesis. Although monocytes/macrophages unanimously considered important targets HIV-1 infection, HIV-induced alterations their physiological functions at different stages differentiation still matter debate. In this...