A5072445752- Plant tissue culture and regeneration
- Plant nutrient uptake and metabolism
- Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis
- Soybean genetics and cultivation
- Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology
- Seed Germination and Physiology
- Transgenic Plants and Applications
- Plant Molecular Biology Research
- Food composition and properties
- Plant Genetic and Mutation Studies
- Plant Reproductive Biology
- Biofuel production and bioconversion
- Polysaccharides and Plant Cell Walls
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Plant responses to water stress
- Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
- Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals
- Phytase and its Applications
- Plant Micronutrient Interactions and Effects
- Agriculture, Plant Science, Crop Management
- Rice Cultivation and Yield Improvement
- Genetically Modified Organisms Research
- Animal Genetics and Reproduction
- Seed and Plant Biochemistry
Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research
2012-2024
Leibniz Association
2006-2014
Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology
2001-2011
National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
2000-2007
Institute of Cell Biology
2000-2007
Julius Kühn-Institut
2001-2005
Cereal grasses of the Triticeae tribe have been major food source in temperate regions since dawn agriculture. Their large genomes are characterized by a high content repetitive elements and pericentromeric that virtually devoid meiotic recombination. Here we present high-quality reference genome assembly for barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). We use chromosome conformation capture mapping to derive linear order sequences across space investigate spatial organization chromatin nucleus at megabase...
Abstract Plant seeds prepare for germination already during seed maturation. We performed a detailed transcriptome analysis of barley (Hordeum vulgare) grain maturation, desiccation, and in two tissue fractions (starchy endosperm/aleurone embryo/scutellum) using the Affymetrix Barley1 GeneChip. To aid data evaluation, Arabidopsis thaliana MapMan PageMan tools were adapted to barley. The analyses allow number conclusions: (1) Cluster revealed smooth transition transcription programs between...
Summary Gene expression patterns covering over 10 000 seed‐expressed sequences were analyzed by macroarray technology in maternal tissue (mainly pericarp) and filial endosperm embryo during barley seed development from anthesis until late maturation. Defined sets of genes showing distinct characterized both type major developmental phases. The analysis focused on regulatory networks involved programmed cell death (PCD) abscisic acid (ABA)‐mediated These processes similar the different...
Barley (Hordeum vulgare) grains synthesize starch as the main storage compound. However, some is degraded already during caryopsis development. We studied temporal and spatial expression patterns of genes coding for enzymes synthesis degradation. These profiles coupled with measurements selected enzyme activities metabolites have allowed us to propose a role degradation in maternal filial tissues developing grains. Early pericarp functions major short-term tissue, possibly ensuring sink...
After fertilization, filial grain organs are surrounded by the maternal nucellus embedded within integuments and pericarp. Rapid early endosperm growth must be coordinated with tissue development. Parameters of development were analysed during formation. In pericarp, cell proliferation is accomplished around time followed elongation predominantly in longitudinal directions. The rapid expansion coincides cellularization. Distribution TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP...
Abstract Even though Sugars Will Eventually be Exported Transporters (SWEETs) have been found in every sequenced plant genome, a comprehensive understanding of their functionality is lacking. In this study, we focused on the SWEET family barley (Hordeum vulgare). A radiotracer assay revealed that expressing HvSWEET11b African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis) oocytes facilitated bidirectional transfer not only just sucrose and glucose, but also cytokinin. Barley plants harboring loss-of-function...
Summary To provide resources for barley genomics, 110 981 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) were generated from 22 cDNA libraries representing tissues at various developmental stages. This EST collection corresponds to approximately one‐third of the 380 000 publicly available ESTs. Clustering and assembly resulted in 14 151 tentative consensi (TCs) 11 073 singletons, altogether 25 224 putatively unique sequences. Of these, 17.5% showed no significant similarity other ESTs present dbEST. More...
Different aspects of barley grain development have been studied in detail, but a more global analysis gene expression patterns is still missing. We employed macro arrays, containing 1184 unique sequences from 1421 cDNA fragments, to study profiles maternal and filial tissues developing caryopses fertilization early storage phase. Principle component (PCA) defined distinct networks the pre-storage (0, 2, 4 days after flowering (DAF)) phase (10 12 DAF). During an intermediate (6 8 DAF), PCA...
Abstract The classic role of SUCROSE NONFERMENTING-1 (Snf1)-like kinases in eukaryotes is to adapt metabolism environmental conditions such as nutrition, energy, and stress. During pea (Pisum sativum) seed maturation, developmental programs growing embryos are adjusted changing physiological metabolic conditions. To understand regulation the switch from cell proliferation differentiation, NONFERMENTING-1-RELATED PROTEIN KINASE (SnRK1) was antisense repressed seeds. Transgenic seeds show...
Summary Seed growth and accumulation of storage products relies on the delivery sucrose from maternal to filial tissues. The transport route is hidden inside seed has never been visualized in vivo . Our approach, based high‐field nuclear magnetic resonance a custom made 13 C/ 1 H double resonant coil, allows non‐invasive imaging monitoring allocation within seed. new technique visualizes main stream determines its velocity during grain filling barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.). Quantifiable...
Grain development of the maternal effect shrunken endosperm mutant seg8 was analysed by comprehensive molecular, biochemical and histological methods. The most obvious finding de-regulation ABA levels, which were lower compared to wild-type during pre-storage phase but higher transition from cell division/differentiation accumulation storage products. Ploidy levels amounts inversely correlated in developing endosperms both wild-type, suggesting an influence on cell-cycle regulation. low...
Abstract Maize (Zea mays) kernels are the largest cereal grains, and their endosperm is severely oxygen deficient during grain fill. The causes, dynamics, mechanisms of acclimation to hypoxia minimally understood. Here, we demonstrate that develops in small, growing endosperm, but not nucellus, becomes standard state, regardless diverse structural genetic perturbations modern maize (B73, popcorn, sweet corn), mutants (sweet4c, glossy6, waxy), non-domesticated wild relatives (teosintes...
Abstract Cereal seed development depends on the intimate interaction of filial and maternal tissues, ensuring nourishment new generation. The gene jekyll, which was identified in barley (Hordeum vulgare), is preferentially expressed nurse tissues. JEKYLL shares partial similarity with scorpion Cn4 toxin toxic when ectopically Escherichia coli tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). In barley, jekyll upregulated cells destined for autolysis. generates a gradient expression nucellar projection, mediates...
Summary In this article, we present a tool which allows the rapid and non‐invasive detection quantitative visualization of lipid in living seeds at variety stages using frequency‐selected magnetic resonance imaging. The method provides maps with resolution close to cellular level (in‐plane 31 µm × µm). reliability was demonstrated two contrasting subjects: barley grain (monocot, 2% oil, highly compartmentalized) soybean (dicot, 20% economically important oilseed). Steep gradients local oil...
Sucrose transport and partitioning are crucial for seed filling. While many plasma-membrane-localised sucrose transporters (SUT1 family members) have been analysed in seeds, the functions of vacuolar SUT2 members still obscure. In barley grains, expression HvSUT1 HvSUT2 overlap temporally spatially, suggesting concerted to regulate homeostasis. Using HvSUT2-RNAi plants, we found that grains were also deficient seemingly sucrose-limited during mid-to-late grain Transgenic endosperms...
The barley Risø16 mutation leads to inactivation of cytosolic ADP-Glc pyrophosphorylase, and results in decreased endospermal starch levels. Here we show that this is accompanied by a decrease storage protein accumulation seed size, which indicates alteration single enzymatic step can change the network metabolism as whole. We used comprehensive transcript, metabolite hormonal profiling compare grain development wild-type endosperm. Despite increased sugar availability mutant endosperm,...
The majority of nitrogen accumulating in cereal grains originates from proteins remobilised vegetative organs. However, interactions between grain filling and remobilisation are poorly understood. We used transcriptome large-scale pyrosequencing flag leaves, glumes developing to identify cysteine peptidase N transporter genes playing a role accumulation barley. Combination already known newly derived sequence information reduced redundancy, increased contig length identified new members gene...
Programmed cell death is essential part of development and homeostasis any multicellular organism. We have analyzed programmed in developing barley caryopsis at histological, biochemical molecular level. Caspase-1, -3, -4, -6 -8-like activities increased with aging pericarp coinciding abundance TUNEL positive nuclei expression HvVPE4 HvPhS2 genes the tissue. TUNEL-positive were also detected nucellus nucellar projection as well embryo surrounding region during early development. Quantitative...
Summary The initial free expansion of the embryo within a seed is at some point inhibited by its contact with testa, resulting in formation folds and borders. Although less obvious, mechanical forces appear to trigger accelerate maturation. However, mechanistic basis for this effect remains unclear. Manipulation constraints affecting either vivo or vitro growth oilseed rape embryos was combined analytical approaches, including magnetic resonance imaging computer graphic reconstruction,...
Summary The angiosperm embryo and endosperm are limited in space because they grow inside maternal seed tissues. elimination of cell layers the coat by programmed death ( PCD ) could provide nutrition to filial organs. Using barley Hordeum vulgare L.) as a model, we elucidated role vacuolar processing enzyme 4 VPE 4) cereals using an RNA i approach targeting enzymatic properties recombinant protein. A comparative characterization transgenic versus wild‐type plants included transcriptional...
The adaptation strategies of halophytic seaside barley Hordeum marinum to high salinity and osmotic stress were investigated by nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, as well ionomic, metabolomic, transcriptomic approaches. When compared with cultivated barley, exhibited a better plant growth rate, higher relative water content, lower pressure, sustained photosynthetic activity under salinity, but not stress. As is capable controlling Na+ Cl− concentrations in leaves at the roots appear play...
Abstract Cereal grains contribute substantially to the human diet. The maternal plant provides carbohydrate and nitrogen sources deposited in endosperm, but basis for their spatial allocation during grain filling process is obscure. Here, vacuolar processing enzymes have been shown both mediate programmed cell death (PCD) tissues of a barley influence delivery assimilate endosperm. proposed centrality PCD has implications cereal crop improvement.