A5069914963- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Tree-ring climate responses
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Forest ecology and management
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications
- Forest Management and Policy
- Plant responses to elevated CO2
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Conservation, Biodiversity, and Resource Management
- Land Use and Ecosystem Services
- Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Forest Ecology and Biodiversity Studies
- Horticultural and Viticultural Research
- Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact
- Climate variability and models
- Climate change and permafrost
- Remote Sensing in Agriculture
- Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies
- Plant nutrient uptake and metabolism
- Oil Palm Production and Sustainability
- Environmental Impact and Sustainability
- Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies
- Plant-Derived Bioactive Compounds
- Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology
University of Vermont
2025
Harvard University
2018-2024
Université du Québec en Outaouais
2022-2024
Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center
2020-2024
Northern Arizona University
2018-2023
Harvard University Press
2021
Hudson Institute
2021
John Wiley & Sons (United States)
2021
University of Cambridge
2013-2018
Future climate change and increasing atmospheric CO 2 are expected to cause major changes in vegetation structure function over large fractions of the global land surface. Seven models used analyze possible responses future simulated by a range general circulation run under all four representative concentration pathway scenarios changing concentrations greenhouse gases. All 110 simulations predict an increase carbon 2100, but with substantial variation between models. For example, at 4 °C...
Abstract Agricultural production has replaced natural ecosystems across the planet, becoming a major driver of carbon emissions, biodiversity loss, and freshwater consumption. Here we combined global crop yield environmental data in ~1-million-dimensional mathematical optimisation framework to determine how optimising spatial distribution croplands could reduce impacts whilst maintaining current levels. We estimate that relocating optimal locations, allowing then-abandoned areas regenerate,...
Abstract Boreal forests are facing profound changes in their growth environment, including warming‐induced water deficits, extended growing seasons, accelerated snowmelt, and permafrost thaw. The influence of warming on trees varies regionally, but most boreal studied to date, tree has been found be negatively affected by increasing temperatures. Here, we used a network Pinus sylvestris tree‐ring collections spanning wide climate gradient the southern end forest Asia assess response change...
Abstract • Key message Dynamic global vegetation models are key tools for interpreting and forecasting the responses of terrestrial ecosystems to climatic variation other drivers. They estimate plant growth as outcome supply carbon through photosynthesis. However, is itself under direct control, not simply controlled by amount available carbon. Therefore predictions current photosynthesis-driven large increases in future biomass due increasing concentrations atmospheric CO 2 may be...
Abstract. The length of time that carbon remains in forest biomass is one the largest uncertainties global cycle, with both recent historical baselines and future responses to environmental change poorly constrained by available observations. In absence large-scale observations, models used for assessments tend fall back on simplified assumptions turnover rates soil pools. this study, times calculated an ensemble contemporary terrestrial biosphere (TBMs) are analysed assess their current...
Larch, a widely distributed tree in boreal Eurasia, is experiencing rapid warming across much of its distribution. A comprehensive assessment growth on needed to comprehend the potential impact climate change. Most studies, relying rigid calendar-based temperature series, have detected monotonic responses at margins but not region. Here, we developed method for constructing temporally flexible and physiologically relevant series reassess growth-temperature relations larch Eurasia. Our...
Climate change may pose a high risk of to Earth's ecosystems: shifting climatic boundaries induce changes in the biogeochemical functioning and structures ecosystems that render it difficult for endemic plant animal species survive their current habitats. Here we aggregate ecosystem state as proxy these shifts at different levels global warming. Estimates are based on simulations from seven vegetation models (GVMs) driven by future climate scenarios, allowing quantification related...
Warming-induced droughts caused tree growth loss across the globe, leading to substantial carbon atmosphere. Drought-induced loss, however, can be regulated by changes in diurnal temperature ranges. Here, we investigated long term radial responses of 23 widespread distributed species from 2327 sites over world and found that species' drought tolerances were significantly positively correlated with range-growth relationships for period 1901-1940. Since 1940, this relationship has continued...
Abstract. Soil organic carbon (SOC) is the largest pool in terrestrial ecosystems and may play a key role biospheric feedbacks with elevated atmospheric dioxide (CO2) warmer future world. We examined simulation results of seven biome models when forced climate projections from four representative-concentration-pathways (RCPs)-based concentration scenarios. The goal was to specify calculated uncertainty global SOC stock regional perspectives give insight improvement SOC-relevant processes...
Abstract Turnover concepts in state‐of‐the‐art global vegetation models ( GVM s) account for various processes, but are often highly simplified and may not include an adequate representation of the dominant processes that shape carbon turnover rates real forest ecosystems at a large spatial scale. Here, we evaluate s participating Inter‐Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project ISI ‐ MIP , including HYBRID 4, JeDi, JULES LPJ ml, ORCHIDEE SDGVM VISIT ) using estimates rate k derived from...
Abstract Larch trees are widely used in afforestation and timber plantations. Yet, little is known on how planted larch cope with increasing drought. We a tree-ring network of 818 from 31 plantations spanning most the distribution Larix principis-rupprechtii to investigate extreme drought influences radial growth northern China. found that summer drought, rather than temperature or precipitation, had strongest relationship throughout region. Drought increased frequency recent decades,...
Wood formation determines major long-term carbon (C) accumulation in trees and therefore provides a crucial ecosystem service mitigating climate change. Nevertheless, we lack understanding of how species with contrasting wood anatomical types differ respect to phenology environmental controls on formation. In this study, investigated the seasonality rates radial growth their relationships climatic factors, seasonal variations stem nonstructural carbohydrates (NSC) three (red oak:...
Increasing CO$_2$ concentrations are strongly controlled by the behaviour of undisturbed forests, which believed to be a major current sink atmospheric CO$_{2}$. There many models predict forest responses environmental changes but they almost exclusively carbon source (i.e. photosynthesis) driven. Here we present model for an individual tree that takes into account also intrinsic limits meristems and cellular growth rates, as well control mechanisms within influence its diameter height over...
Abstract In 2008, a group of conservation scientists compiled list 100 priority questions for the world's biodiversity. However, now almost decade later, no one has yet published study gauging how much progress been made in addressing these high‐priority peer‐reviewed literature. We took first step toward reexamining to identify key knowledge gaps that remain. Through combination questionnaire and literature review, we evaluated each question on basis 2 criteria: relevance effort. defined...
Manual chamber-based measurements of CO2 (and H2O) fluxes are important for understanding ecosystem carbon metabolism. Small opaque chambers can be used to measure leaf, stem and soil respiration. Larger transparent net exchange CO2, small jars often serve this purpose laboratory incubations plant material. We developed an Android application (app), called Flux Puppy, facilitate flux in the field laboratory. The app is designed run on inexpensive handheld device, such as a tablet or phone,...
The destruction of ecosystems for vegetable oil production represents a major cause global biodiversity loss and greenhouse gas emissions 1 . Over the last two decades, palm, in particular, has caused societal concern due to its high impacts on biodiverse carbon-dense tropical rainforests 2–8 , leading calls source oils from alternative oil-producing crops. However, given yields how does that damage compare with other crops require more land? Here, we estimate carbon footprints, per unit...
Whether sources or sinks control wood growth remains debated with a paucity of evidence from mature trees in natural settings. Here, we altered carbon supply rate stems red maples (Acer rubrum) within the growing season by restricting phloem transport using stem chilling; thereby increasing above and decreasing below restrictions, respectively. Chilling successfully nonstructural (NSC) concentrations without detectable repercussions on bulk NSC roots. Ring width responded strongly to local...
From 26 March to 29 2023, at the Georgia Center in Athens, GA, USA, a workshop on urban trees gathered 40 specialists from wide array of disciplines, including tree physiology, forest ecology, arboriculture, forestry, soil science, ecohydrology, vegetation modelling, computer vision, and industrial design. With 28 attendees four continents, seven countries physically present, further 12 participants joining virtually, brought together an international team aiming better understand...