A5077009004- Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
- Pharmacogenetics and Drug Metabolism
- Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies
- Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Protection
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography
- Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
- Vitamin D Research Studies
- Antibiotics Pharmacokinetics and Efficacy
- Drug Solubulity and Delivery Systems
- Amino Acid Enzymes and Metabolism
- Sulfur Compounds in Biology
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Ion Transport and Channel Regulation
- Blood transfusion and management
- Hormonal Regulation and Hypertension
- Liver Disease and Transplantation
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
- Pregnancy and Medication Impact
- Electrolyte and hormonal disorders
- Chemical Reactions and Isotopes
- Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Pharmaceutical studies and practices
- Folate and B Vitamins Research
University of Toronto
2016-2025
Xi'an Jiaotong University
2025
Qingdao University of Science and Technology
2025
Peking Union Medical College Hospital
2024
Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
2024
Purdue University West Lafayette
2024
Centre for Human Drug Research
2024
Leiden University
1991-2024
University of Manchester
2021
Basil Hetzel Institute
2021
Swelling of primary astrocyte cultures by exposing them to hypotonic media caused release label after the cells had been allowed accumulate 3H-L-glutamate, 3H-D-aspartate, or 3H-taurine. Comparable endogenous L-glutamate taurine, as measured high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC), was also found. Release not affected treating with cytochalasin B, indicating that microfilament polymerization significantly involved. Hypotonic-induced did appear principally involve reversal Na(+)-dependent...
Advances in nanotechnology research on quantum dots (QDs)—water soluble ZnS-capped, CdSe fluorescent semiconductor nanocrystals—for vivo biomedical applications have prompted a close scrutiny of the behavior nanostructures vivo. Data pertaining to pharmacokinetics and toxicity will undoubtedly assist designing better nanostructure contrast agents or therapies. In kinetics, clearance, metabolism QDs are characterized following their intravenous dosing Sprague–Dawley rats. The coated with...
We demonstrate a role of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) in reducing cerebral soluble and insoluble amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides. Short-term treatment two human amyloid precursor protein-expressing models, Tg2576 TgCRND8 mice, with 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin 3 [1,25(OH) 2 ], endogenous active ligand VDR, resulted higher brain P-glycoprotein (P-gp) lower Aβ levels, effects negated coadministration elacridar, P-gp inhibitor. Long-term mice 1,25(OH) during period plaque formation reduced plaque-associated...
In this study we have found that L-glutamic acid, as well being taken up by a Na+-dependent mechanism, will stimulate the uptake of 22Na+ primary astrocyte cultures from rat brain in presence ouabain. By simultaneously measuring and L-3H- glutamate stoichiometry 2–3 Na+ per was measured, implying electrogenic uptake. Increasing medium K+ concentration to depolarize cells inhibited L-3H-glutamate uptake, while calculations energetics observed accumulation also supported an mechanism at least...
We explored the properties of a catenary model that includes basolateral (B), apical (A), and cellular compartments via simulations under linear nonlinear conditions to understand asymmetric observations arising from transporters, enzymes, permeability in Caco-2 cells. The efflux ratio (EfR; <i>P</i><sub>app,B→A</sub>/<i>P</i><sub>app,A→B</sub>), obtained effective A→B B→A direction conditions, was unity for passively permeable drugs whose transport does not involve transporters; value...
The elimination of [14C]acetaminophen which was formed from [14C]phenacetin slower than that for the preformed metabolite, [3H]acetaminophen. observation had been attributed to uneven distribution enzyme systems O-deethylation in formation acetaminophen and sulfate-conjugation liver parenchyma. In this study, retrograde perfusion reversed not only direction hepatic flow into but also location with respect path, used examine kinetics same rat preparation, both [14C[phenacetin...
Chronic kidney disease, or renal impairment (RI) can increase plasma levels for drugs that are primarily renally cleared and some whose elimination is not a major pathway. We constructed physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models 3 nonrenally eliminated (sildenafil, repaglinide, telithromycin). These integrate drugdependent parameters derived from in vitro, silico, vivo data, system‐dependent independent of the test drugs. Plasma profiles were simulated subjects with severe RI...
The effects of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D<sub>3</sub> [1,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub>] on gene expression and function were studied in Caco-2 cells. Microarray analyses, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reactions, Western blotting used to determine the mRNA protein transporters enzymes after 1,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> or vehicle (0.1% ethanol) treatment for 1, 3, 6, 10 days. expressions apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter, oligopeptide transporter multidrug...
Rivaroxaban is an oral Factor Xa inhibitor. The primary objective of this communication was to quantitatively predict changes in rivaroxaban exposure when individuals with varying degrees renal impairment are co-administered another drug that both a P-gp and moderate CYP3A4 inhibitor.A physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model developed simulate pharmacokinetics young (20-45 years) or older (55-65 subjects normal function, mild, severe impairment, without concomitant use the...
Tranexamic acid (TXA) is a common antifibrinolytic agent used to minimize bleeding in cardiac surgery. Up 50% surgical patients have chronic renal dysfunction (CRD). Optimal dosing of TXA CRD remains poorly investigated. This important as renally eliminated with accumulation CRD. High doses are associated postoperative seizures. study measures plasma concentrations for pharmacokinetic modeling and dose adjustment recommendations.This prospective cohort enrolled 48 stages 1-5 CRD, classified...
Although Oatp1a1 (rat organic anion-transporting polypeptide 1a1) was the transporter found responsible for hepatocellular entry of enalapril (EN) into rat liver, canalicular involved excretion EN and metabolite, enalaprilat (ENA), unknown. The Eisai hyperbilirubinemic (EHBR) that lacks Mrp2 (multidrug resistance-associated protein 2) used to appraise role in [<sup>3</sup>H]EN its metabolite [<sup>3</sup>H]ENA single-pass liver preparations. total metabolic clearances hepatic extraction...
Both [14C]phenacetin and [3H]acetaminophen in tracer concentrations were perfused simultaneously once through the rat liver preparation at a constant perfusate flow rate (10 ml/min), rates of appearance [14C]acetaminophen effluent compared. The data indicated that extraction ratio derived from was smaller than preformed added to input (exogenously), i.e., availability metabolite formed situ higher obtained when presented blood. observed acetaminophen phenacetin usually greater predicted by...
Various nutritional and environmental factors are known to alter the rates at which drugs absorbed, distributed, metabolized, eliminated from body. Some of these may exert their effects by changing gastrointestinal motility, blood flow through various organs, activities enzymes that catalyze metabolism drugs, reversible binding components in other tissues, rate elimination kidney. Because physiologic biochemical functions interrelated, however, a given change anyone them mayor not result...