Gastrointestinal disease is a prevalent cause of morbidity and mortality the use animal models have been instrumental in studying mechanisms digestive pathophysiology. As investigators attempt to translate wealth basic science information developed from rodent, models, large provide number translational advantages. The pig, particular, arguably one most powerful human organ systems, including gastrointestinal tract. pig has provided important tools insight into intestinal...

Weaning in the piglet is a stressful event associated with gastrointestinal disorders and increased disease susceptibility. Although stress thought to play role postweaning intestinal disease, mechanisms by which influences pathophysiology weaned pig are not understood. The objectives of these experiments were investigate impact weaning on health assess signaling pathways this response. Nineteen-day-old pigs weaned, mucosal barrier function ion transport assessed jejunal colonic tissues...

Our previous work has demonstrated that weaning at 19 days of age deleterious effects on mucosal barrier function in piglet intestine are mediated through peripheral CRF receptor signaling pathways. The objectives the present study were to assess impact weaning-associated intestinal dysfunction and determine role mast cells play weaning-induced breakdown function. Nursing Yorkshire-cross piglets either weaned (early-weaned, n = 8) or 28 (late-weaned, housed nursery pens. Twenty-four hours...

A randomized, controlled, blinded clinical trial was performed to determine whether butorphanol administered by continuous rate infusion (CRI) for 24 hours after abdominal surgery would decrease pain and surgical stress responses improve recovery in horses. Thirty‐one horses undergoing exploratory celiotomy were randomly assigned receive CRI (13 |xg/kg/h surgery; treatment) or isotonic saline (control). All received flunixin meglumine (1.1 mg/kg IV q12h). There no significant differences...

Significant advances in intestinal stem cell biology have been made murine models; however, anatomical and physiological differences between mice humans limit as a translational model for based research. The pig has an effective model, represents candidate species to study epithelial (IESC) driven regeneration. lack of validated reagents culture methods is obstacle investigating IESC regeneration model. In this study, antibodies against Epithelial Adhesion Molecule 1 (EpCAM) Villin marked...

ABSTRACT Type III interferons (IFNs) play a vital role in maintaining the antiviral state of mucosal epithelial surface gut, and turn, enteric viruses may have evolved to evade type IFN responses during infection. To study possible immune evasion response by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), line intestinal cells was developed as cell model for PEDV replication. IFN-λ1 IFN-λ3 inhibited replication, indicating anti-PEDV activity IFNs. Of 21 proteins, nsp1, nsp3, nsp5, nsp8, nsp14,...

Prostaglandins (PG) are cytoprotective for gastrointestinal epithelium, possibly because they enhance mucosal repair. The objective of the present studies was to assess role prostaglandins in intestinal Intestinal mucosa from porcine ileum subjected 1 h ischemia mounted Ussing chambers. Recovery normal transepithelial electrical resistance occurred within 2 h, and continued increase a further value twice that control. latter response blocked by inhibition prostaglandin synthesis, restored...

Although short-term survival rates following small intestinal resection reportedly range from 48-88%, there is little information on predicting which horse may or not survive (SI) and anastomosis. The aim of this study was to identify factors that contribute nonsurvival in horses resection. Medical records recovered anaesthesia SI were reviewed. Clinical surgical variables evaluated for their association with using logistic regression reported as odds ratios (OR), including the 95%...

Abstract Objective —To identify factors associated with gastrointestinal tract perforation in dogs being treated a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor (deracoxib). Design —Retrospective study. Animals —29 dogs. Procedure —The Novartis Animal Health pharmacovigilance database was searched for records of deracoxib which documented. Results —16 the 29 (55%) had received at dosage higher than that approved by FDA particular indication treated, 25 (86%) having > 2 mg/kg/d (0.9...

Abstract Objective —To determine whether treatment of horses with firocoxib affects recovery ischemic-injured jejunum, while providing effective analgesia. Animals —18 horses. Procedures —Horses (n = 6 horses/group) received saline (0.9% NaCl) solution (1 mL/50 kg, IV), flunixin meglumine (1.1 mg/kg, IV, q 12 h), or (0.09 24 h) before 2 hours jejunal ischemia. Horses were monitored via pain scores and butorphanol for After 18 hours, control mucosa placed in Ussing chambers measurement...

Summary Reasons for performing study : Absorption of endotoxin across ischaemic‐injured mucosa is a major cause mortality after colic surgery. Recent studies have shown that flunixin meglumine retards mucosal repair. Systemic lidocaine has been used to treat post operative ileus, but it also novel anti‐inflammatory effects could improve recovery ischaemic injury. Hypothesis ameliorates the deleterious negative on barrier function. Methods Horses were treated i.v. immediately before...

<b>Background:</b>l-Arginine is a nutritional supplement that may be useful for promoting intestinal repair. Arginine metabolised by the oxidative deiminase pathway to form nitric oxide (NO) and arginase yield ornithine polyamines. <b>Aims:</b> To determine if arginine stimulates restitution via activation of NO synthesis and/or polyamine synthesis. <b>Methods:</b> We determined effects on cultured cell migration, production, levels, focal adhesion kinase, key mediator migration....

Previous studies utilizing an ex vivo porcine model of intestinal ischemic injury demonstrated that prostaglandin (PG)E 2 stimulates repair mucosal barrier function via a mechanism involving Cl − secretion and reductions in paracellular permeability. Further experiments revealed the signaling for PGE -induced recovery was mediated type-2 channels (ClC-2). Therefore, objective present study to directly investigate role ClC-2 by evaluating ischemia-injured mucosa treated with selective agonist...

To determine the effect of meloxicam and flunixin meglumine on recovery ischemia-injured equine jejunum.18 horses.Horses received butorphanol tartrate; were treated IV with saline (0.9% NaCl) solution (SS; 12 mL; n = 6), (1.1 mg/kg; or (0.6 6) 1 hour before ischemia was induced for 2 hours in a portion jejunum; allowed to recover 18 hours. Flunixin SS treatments repeated after hours; all 3 administered immediately prior euthanasia. Selected clinical variables, postoperative pain scores,...

Abstract Objective —To investigate effects of lidocaine hydrochloride administered IV on mucosal inflammation in ischemia-injured jejunum horses treated with flunixin meglumine. Animals —24 horses. Procedures —Horses received saline (0.9% NaCl) solution (SS; 1 mL/50 kg, [1 dose]), meglumine (1 mg/kg, IV, q 12 h), (bolus [1.3 mg/kg] and constant rate infusion [0.05 mg/kg/min], during after recovery from surgery), or both (n = 6/group). During surgery, blood flow was occluded for 2 hours...