A5044078132- Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Gut microbiota and health
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Dietary Effects on Health
- Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Research
- Biochemical effects in animals
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Cardiovascular Effects of Exercise
- Sports Performance and Training
- Thermoregulation and physiological responses
- COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Wound Healing and Treatments
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Pressure Ulcer Prevention and Management
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
2015-2024
University of Illinois System
2004-2023
University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust
2023
Manchester Academic Health Science Centre
2023
Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust
2023
University of Oxford
2023
University of Manchester
2023
Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust
2023
University College London
2023
NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre
2023
The hippocampus shrinks in late adulthood, leading to impaired memory and increased risk for dementia. Hippocampal medial temporal lobe volumes are larger higher-fit adults, physical activity training increases hippocampal perfusion, but the extent which aerobic exercise can modify volume adulthood remains unknown. Here we show, a randomized controlled trial with 120 older that size of anterior hippocampus, improvements spatial memory. Exercise by 2%, effectively reversing age-related loss 1...
Exercise is associated with altered gut microbial composition, but studies have not investigated whether the microbiota and metabolites are modulated by exercise training in humans. We explored impact of 6 wk endurance on functional capacity, metabolic output lean obese adults multiple-day dietary controls before outcome variable collection.Thirty-two (n = 18 [9 female]) 14 [11 female]), previously sedentary subjects participated supervised, endurance-based (3 d·wk) that progressed from 30...
Hippocampal volume shrinks in late adulthood, but the neuromolecular factors that trigger hippocampal decay aging humans remains a matter of speculation. In rodents, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) promotes growth and proliferation cells hippocampus is important long-term potentiation memory formation. humans, circulating levels BDNF decline with advancing age, genetic polymorphism for has been related to gray loss old age. this study, we tested whether age-related reductions serum...
The ingestion of a high-fat diet (HFD) and the resulting obese state can exert multitude stressors on individual including anxiety cognitive dysfunction. Though many studies have shown that exercise alleviate negative consequences HFD using metabolic readouts such as insulin glucose, paucity well-controlled rodent been published interactions with regard to behavioral outcomes. This is critical issue since some individuals assume HFD-induced problems dysfunction simply be exercised away. To...
Executive function declines with age, but engaging in aerobic exercise may attenuate decline. One mechanism by which preserve executive is through the up-regulation of brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF), also age. The present study examined BDNF as a mediator effects 1-year walking intervention on 90 older adults (mean age = 66.82). Participants were randomized to stretching and toning control group or moderate intensity group. serum levels performance task-switching paradigm collected...
Aging results in chronic systemic inflammation that can alter neuroinflammation of the brain. Specifically, microglia shift to a pro-inflammatory phenotype predisposing them hyperactivation upon stimulation by peripheral immune signals. It is proposed certain nutrients delay brain aging preventing or reversing microglial hyperactivation. Butyrate, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) produced primarily bacterial fermentation fiber colon, has been extensively studied pharmacologically as histone...
We have previously shown that voluntary wheel running (VWR) attenuates, whereas forced treadmill (FTR) exacerbates, intestinal inflammation and clinical outcomes in a mouse model of colitis. As the gut microbiome is implicated colitis, we hypothesized VWR FTR would differentially affect microbiome. Mice (9-10/treatment) were randomly assigned to VWR, FTR, or sedentary home cage control (SED) for 6 wk. given access, ran on 40 min/day at 8-12 m/min, 5% grade. Forty-eight hours after last...
Microglia play a vital role maintaining brain homeostasis but can also cause persistent neuroinflammation. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) produced by the intestinal microbiota have been suggested to regulate microglia inflammation indirectly signaling through gut-brain axis or directly reaching brain. The present work evaluated anti-inflammatory effects of SCFAs on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated from mice fed inulin, soluble fiber that is fermented produce in vivo, and applied primary...
Use of soy-based infant formulas and soy/isoflavone supplements has aroused concern because potential estrogenic effects the soy isoflavones genistein daidzein. Here we show that s.c. injections in ovariectomized adult mice produced dose-responsive decreases thymic weight up to 80%. Genistein's occurred through both estrogen receptor (ER) non-ER-mediated mechanisms, as on thymus were only partially blocked by ER antagonist ICI 182,780. Genistein decreased thymocyte numbers 86% doubled...
Adipose tissue inflammation causes metabolic disturbances, including insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis. Exercise training (EX) may decrease adipose inflammation, thereby ameliorating such even in the absence of fat loss. The purpose this study was to 1) compare effects low-fat diet (LFD), EX, their combination on resistance, steatosis high-fat diet-induced obese mice 2) determine effect intervention duration (i.e., 6 vs. 12 wk). C57BL/6 (n = 109) fed a 45% (HFD) for wk were randomly...
OBJECTIVES: To determine whether cardiovascular exercise training resulted in improved antibody responses to influenza vaccination sedentary elderly people who exhibited poor vaccine responses. DESIGN: Single‐site randomized parallel‐arm 10‐month controlled trial. SETTING: University of Illinois at Urbana‐Champaign. PARTICIPANTS: One hundred forty‐four sedentary, healthy older (69.9 ± 0.4) adults. INTERVENTIONS: Moderate (60–70% maximal oxygen uptake) was compared with flexibility and...
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect exercise on wound healing and inflammation in young (3 mo) old (18 female BALB/cByJ mice. Mice were assigned either or sedentary control (control) groups. group mice run a motorized treadmill at moderate intensity 30 min/day for 8 days. All given four full-thickness dermal wounds, rate closure assessed daily 10 Four months later, aged rerandomized treatment, wounded again different locations, wounds harvested 1, 3, 5 days postwounding....
Here we investigated whether changes in neurogenesis and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression are possible mechanisms involved the depression-like symptom during withdrawal/abstinence period after chronic binge-pattern alcohol consumption given limited number of studies addressing link between these factors adolescent brain. Forty-seven male Sprague-Dawley rats were used study experimental protocol started when 25-days old. Rats assigned to either: (a) ethanol or (b) control...
Exercise reduces the risk of inflammatory disease by modulating a variety tissue and cell types, including those within gastrointestinal tract. Recent data indicates that exercise can also alter gut microbiota, but little is known as to whether these changes affect host function. Here, we use germ-free (GF) animal model test exercise-induced modifications in microbiota directly responses colonization chemically-induced colitis. Donor mice (n = 19) received access running wheel 10) or...