As humans, we have a unique capacity to reflect on our experiences, including emotions. Over time, develop beliefs about the nature of emotions, and these are consequential, guiding how respond emotions feel as consequence. One fundamental belief concerns controllability emotions: Believing uncontrollable (entity beliefs) should reduce likelihood trying control emotional experiences using effective regulation strategies like reappraisal; this, in turn, could negatively affect core indices...

Significance In this study, we investigated the role that caregiver mental health plays in patient mortality. 176 patient–caregiver dyads, found worse predicted greater mortality even when accounting for key risk factors patients (i.e., diagnosis, age, sex, dementia severity, and health). Thus, although providing best possible care large growing number of individuals with neurodegenerative disease is an important public priority, our findings suggest these efforts should also consider as...

The salience network is a distributed neural system that maintains homeostasis by regulating autonomic nervous activity and social-emotional function. Here we examined how within-network connectivity relates to individual differences in human (including males females) baseline parasympathetic sympathetic activity. We measured resting physiology 24 healthy controls 23 patients with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), neurodegenerative disease characterized deficits....

To determine whether diagnoses of traumatic brain injury (TBI), posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and depression, alone or in combination, increase dementia risk among older female veterans.

Introduction We are developing the California Cognitive Assessment Battery (CCAB) to provide neuropsychological assessments patients who lack test access due cost, capacity, mobility, and transportation barriers. Methods The CCAB consists of 15 non-verbal 17 verbal subtests normed for telemedical assessment. runs on calibrated tablet computers over cellular or Wi-Fi connections either in a laboratory participants’ homes. Spoken instructions stimuli delivered through headphones using...

Objective: Traditional neuropsychological testing with paper-and-pencil tests has been a mainstay of cognitive assessment. However, is prone to inter-examiner variability, insensitive subtle changes, time-consuming, and often unavailable rural under-resourced communities. Computerized web-based assessments such as the California Cognitive Assessment Battery (CCAB) have developed address these issues. Method: The CCAB fully automated battery 30+ that parallel traditional measures....

Interpersonal distance is central to communication and complex social behaviors but the neural correlates of interpersonal preferences are not defined. Previous studies suggest that damage orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) associated with impaired behavior. To examine whether OFC critical for maintaining appropriate distance, we tested two groups patients damage: Patients lesions behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia. These were compared healthy controls restricted dorsolateral prefrontal...

Introduction: One of the most challenging symptoms aphasia is an impairment in auditory comprehension. The inability to understand others has a direct impact on person's quality life and ability benefit from treatment. Despite its importance, limited research examined recovery pattern comprehension instead focused more generally. Thus, little known about time frame for following stroke, whether specific neurologic demographic variables contribute outcome. Methods: This study included 168...

We examined age-related changes in emotional behavior a sample of middle-aged and older long-term married couples over 13-year period. Data were collected at 3 waves, each occurring 5 to 6 years apart. For the present study, only who participated all waves (n = 87). Couples either group (40-50 old, least 15 years) or (60-70 35 years). At wave, engaged 15-min unrehearsed conversations about an area disagreement their marriage. Emotional behaviors during conversation objectively coded using...

The present research examined the effect of 5-HTTLPR polymorphism in serotonin transporter gene on objectively coded positive emotional expressions (i.e., laughing and smiling behavior using Facial Action Coding System). Three studies with independent samples participants were conducted. Study 1 young adults watching still cartoons. 2 young, middle-aged, older a thematically ambiguous yet subtly amusing film clip. 3 middle-aged spouses discussing an area marital conflict (that typically...

Behavioral symptoms in patients with neurodegenerative diseases can be particularly challenging for caregivers. Previously, we reported that frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) experienced emotions were atypical or incongruent a given situation (i.e., non-target emotions).We tested the hypothesis greater experience of by is associated lower caregiver emotional well-being.178 FTD, AD, other 35 healthy individuals watched 3 films designed to induce amusement, sadness,...

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been linked to deficits in executive functioning, but the literature suggests these associations are inconsistent. Results vary depending on task used, test modality, and specific subdomain being measured, such as inhibitory control (interference resolution, response inhibition) or set shifting (task switching, rule switching). Notably, more consistently observed computerized tasks that measure precise reaction times (RTs) than classic...

Positive urgency, defined as a tendency to become impulsive during positive affective states, has gained support form of impulsivity that is particularly important for understanding psychopathology. Despite this, little known about the emotional mechanisms and correlates this impulsivity. We hypothesized urgency would be related greater reactivity in response film clip. Seventy-five undergraduates watched clip, multimodal assessment emotion was conducted, including subjective experience,...

Abstract Objective Providing care for a spouse with dementia is associated an increased risk poor mental health. To determine whether this vulnerability in caregivers related to the expression of positive emotion, we examined 57 patients Alzheimer’s disease and behavioral variant frontotemporal their spouses as they discussed marital conflict. Method Facial behavior during discussion was objectively coded identify Duchenne (i.e., genuine) smiles non-Duchenne polite) smiles. Caregiver health...

Responding prosocially to the emotion of others may become increasingly important in late life, especially as partners and friends encounter a growing number losses, challenges, declines. Facial expressions are avenues for communicating empathy concern, signaling that help is forthcoming when needed. In study young, middle-aged, older adults, we measured emotional responses (facial expressions, subjective experience, physiological activation) sad, distressing film clip happy, uplifting clip....

In the early stages of COVID-19 global pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus, low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) appeared to be experiencing lower morbidity mortality rates than high-income countries, particularly United States. Various suggestions put forward account for this included possibility that LMICs might off-target benefits infant vaccination with BCG, intended primarily protect against tuberculosis. A number ecologic epidemiological studies considered across support...

Objectives Heavy demands upon dementia caregivers can lead to a number of poor health outcomes including declines in physical, mental, and brain health. Although affects people from all backgrounds, research the US has largely focused on European American caregivers. This made providing culturally-competent care more difficult. study begins address this issue by empirically examining how culturally-shaped beliefs influence loneliness family with dementia.Methods We conducted preliminary...

Abstract Frontotemporal dementia (FTD), a neurodegenerative disease broadly characterized by socioemotional impairments, includes three clinical subtypes: behavioral variant FTD (bvFTD), semantic primary progressive aphasia (svPPA) and non-fluent (nfvPPA). Emerging evidence has shown emotional reactivity impairments in bvFTD svPPA, whereas nfvPPA is far less studied. In 105 patients with (49 bvFTD, 31 svPPA 25 nfvPPA) 27 healthy controls, we examined aspects of (physiology, facial behavior...

Affective disturbance is a central feature of bipolar disorder. Many investigators have hypothesized that euthymic people with disorder might display elevated emotional reactivity, but laboratory studies reactivity had mixed results. Drawing on theories emphasize dysregulation goal pursuit, we be emotionally hyperreactive to frustration pursuit. Forty-seven participants and 43 control played computer game for monetary reward. To induce frustration, programmed the respond inconsistently user...

Abstract Objectives Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) involves training in mindful meditation and has been shown to improve functioning across a range of different disorders. However, little research focused on the use MBSR stroke patients, previous studies typically have not included an active control condition account for non-specific factors that could contribute observed benefits. Methods We conducted pilot study chronic comparing condition. Half participants were randomly...

Caring for a spouse with dementia can be extremely challenging. Many caregivers experience profound declines in well-being; however, others remain healthy.