Urinary tract infections (UTIs) account for one of the major reasons most hospital visits and determination antimicrobial susceptibility patterns uropathogens will help to guide physicians on best choice antibiotics recommend affected patients. This study is designed isolate, characterize, determine pathogens associated with UTI in Anambra State Teaching Hospital, Amaku, State, Nigeria. Clean catch urine samples inpatient outpatient cases were collected bacteriologically analyzed using...

Chronic inflammation and infection of the nasal sinuses, also referred to as Rhinosinusitis (CRS), severely affects patients’ quality life. Adhesions, ostial stenosis, relapses complicate chronic sinusitis treatment strategies. Drug-eluting stents, packings or implants have been suggested reasonable alternatives for addressing these concerns. This article reviewed potential drug candidates implants, formulation methods/optimization characterization methods. Clinical applications important...

Little is known about the molecular basis of antibiotic resistance among uropathogens in Southeast Nigeria. The aim study was to characterize enterobacterial with respect drug resistance. One hundred (100) were studied. Their susceptibility patterns evaluated using disk diffusion, screened, and confirmed phenotypically for presence β-lactamases: ESBL, AmpC, carbapenemase, MBLs. Screen positives further tested various β-lactamase genes by PCR. Our isolates showed variable most drugs tested....

Vaccine development is one of the most significant achievements humans in Biomedicine. These vaccines are usually supplemented with adjuvants to enhance immunity. Apart from alum which recognized as gold standard, may increase quality vaccine by adding other or agents that boost immune response improved delivery vehicles such liposomes, immune-stimulating complexes (ISCOMs), and micro/nanospheres. Adjuvants stimulate effectiveness a activating system respond more strongly vaccine, resulting...

Background: Diabetes is one of the leading causes death in world especially developing nations and nutritional management blood glucose levels a targeted tool its prevention management.Objective: To determine nutrient composition glycaemic response varieties tubers diascoreaspp(yams) commonly consumed south-eastern NigeriaMethods: The study adopted cross sectional design simple random techniques. Forty participants were recruited for andfive species yam Dioscoreaspp (D.rotundata,...

Streptococcus pneumoniae is a leading cause of upper respiratory diseases worldwide, particularly in vulnerable populations such as young children, the aged, and immunosuppressed individuals. Although current pneumococcal vaccines have significantly reduced global disease burden, limitations serotype replacement, variable immunogenicity, accessibility challenges highlight need for innovative approaches. This review explores strategies vaccine development, potential protein-based that target...

The detection of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli in frozen fish is an indication a major public health challenge. current study aims to identify ESBL-producing E. from fishes. A total 310 samples purchased the selected markets were screened for contamination using MacConkey agar. Confirmed isolates phenotypically and molecularly ESBL coding genes standard protocols. 100 (32.25%) confirmed be contaminated with coli. Varying resistance patterns recorded:...

Cytokines are pivotal regulators of immune responses. They critical in mediating inflammation, recruiting cells, and driving pathogen clearance. Among these, interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) stand out as key players pediatric immunity, they exhibit unique expression patterns that reflect the dynamic nature developing system. This review explores dual roles these cytokines orchestrating defense their potential diagnostic biomarkers for infection...

Clostridioides difficile is a foodborne bacterium that causes severe gastrointestinal infections due to its virulence and antibiotic resistance. The major reason for this research ascertain prevalence, molecular characterization, antibiogram patterns in food samples from southeast Nigeria. A total of 440 samples, including smoked fish pork, were analyzed between June 2018 December 2019. Enumeration anaerobes was performed using standard bacteriological techniques, while isolation carried out...

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) remain a common and serious health challenge among pediatric populations, particularly in low- middle-income countries. The emergence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing uropathogens significantly complicates treatment, increases the risk complications, burdens already fragile healthcare systems. This review provides comprehensive analysis epidemiology, molecular mechanisms, clinical impact, treatment challenges associated with ESBL-producing...

This study evaluated the prevalence, antibiogram and molecular features of CA-MRSA in Awka, Nigeria.Confirmation MRSA was done by testing resistance to oxacillin (1µg), cloxacillin (5µg) cefoxitin (30µg) on sterile Mueller Hinton agar supplemented with 4% sodium chloride. The strains were subjected antimicrobial susceptibility using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Minimum inhibitory concentration determined dilution Penicillin binding protein 2a detected through rapid latex agglutination...

Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing organisms have become a serious challenge in healthcare delivery globally. The prevalence of ESBL carriage healthy and sick children Enugu, Nigeria, was bacteriologically investigated this study. Four hundred twenty-two biological samples (mid-stream urine feces) were analyzed. isolates screened for production using Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) breakpoints. suspected producers confirmed double disc synergy test method. Out the...

HIV infection remains a worrisome pandemic especially in developing countries like Nigeria, with an increasing number of infected women becoming pregnant, added risk pregnancy complications such as intrauterine fetal death, neural tube defects, and vertical transmissions. Hence this study assessed the levels maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (MSAFP) beta human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) seropositive pregnant women, their implication for health. A total 86 patients were recruited from...

This study presents LHRH conjugated drug delivery via a magnetite nanoparticle-modified microporous Poly-Di-Methyl-Siloxane (PDMS) system for the targeted suppression of triple-negative breast cancer cells. First, MNP-modified PDMS devices are fabricated before loading with and untargeted drugs. The release kinetics from then studied fitting results to Korsmeyer–Peppas model. Cell viability cytotoxicity assessments presented using Alamar blue assay. Apoptosis induction is elucidated flow...

Abstract Background Diarrhoea is a major cause of childhood disease in the developing countries. This experimental study investigated prevalence ESBL and MBL genes enteropathogenic strains Escherichia coli Salmonella spp. isolated from diarrheagenic children Awka, Nigeria. Methods Two hundred stool samples were collected diarrhea patients three paediatric hospitals within Awka metropolis, All E. through standard bacteriological methods subjected to antibiotic-susceptibility testing. Double...

In Nigeria, several investigations have been done about the prevalence of AmpC enzyme in clinical isolates Gram-negative bacteria; however, little information is available on occurrence rate this important abattoir specimens that play a major role environmental pollution Nigeria. This study aimed to evaluate presence FOX AmpC-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa from samples by both phenotypic method and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). study, 360 were analyzed for isolation P. strains....

Background: Food products of animal origin play significant role in the transfer antibiotic resistance.This work evaluated resistance profile and prevalence beta-lactamases producing Escherichia coli Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates an abattoir Awka, Nigeria.Methods: One hundred swab samples were aseptically collected from between January to April 2016 with sterile sticks cultured freshly prepared nutrient broth MacConkey agar plates.E. K. identified using standard microbiological...

Background: Poultry production is a key interface for the spread of novel zoonotic and antibiotic-resistant foodborne pathogens. Salmonella spp. S. aureus isolates from 2 poultry were tested resistance to clinical antibiotics. Methods: One hundred 100 anal swab samples aseptically collected small scale farms located within Agulu, during period February 2016 May 2016. The sticks carefully transferred into buffered peptone water incubated at 37°C 24hours pre-enriched in sterile nutrient broth...

Aims: To determine the presence of resistant pathogens in locally produced drinks consumed Akwa, Nigeria. Study Design: type bacteria contaminants, level contamination from and drinks. Place Duration Study: The study was conducted department Pharmaceutical microbiology Biotechnology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, between May 2012 June Original Research Article Anagu et al.; BMRJ, 5(5): 424-431, 2015; no.BMRJ.2015.044 425 2012. Methodology: 10 each prepared Zobo Soya were purchased Akwa...