Abstract Virus-like particles (VLPs) are recognized as an alternative vaccine platform that provide effective protection against various highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs). Here, we developed multi-clade VLPs expressing two HAs (a chimera of clade 2.3.2.1c and 2.3.4.4c HA) within a single vector. We then compared its protective efficacy with monovalent VLP evaluated potency each homologous strain. Chickens vaccinated the shed less virus were better protected challenge than...

CD99 signaling is crucial to a diverse range of biological functions including survival and proliferation. engagement reported augment activator protein-1 (AP-1) activity through mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathways in T-lymphoblastic lymphoma cell line Jurkat breast cancer lines. In this study, we report that differentially regulated AP-1 the human myeloma RPMI8226. was highly expressed led activation MAP kinases, but suppressed by inducing expression basic leucine zipper...

Deep penetration welding process with ultra-fine keyhole of thin stainless steel foil thickness between 10μm and 100μm was studied using a single mode Yb-fiber laser CW maximum output 40W. The spot size approximately 10 m at 1/e2-power point the value obtained, which provides power density 108W/cm2 Ultra-fine discussed based on energy coupled to specimen WC, passing though metal WP back-reflected WR compared that electron beam welding. It found defocusing by refraction in plume cannot be...

High power single-mode fiber-lasers with CW output 40 - 200 W was applied to microwelding. Thermal conduction equations of a square heat source were derived calculate the temperature distribution and mean within beam area. The penetration depth can be predicted assuming beam-irradiation area is heated up boiling material. High-speed photographs showed that keyhole size approximately focused spot formed in molten pool, which diameter good agreement measured size. humping defect suppressed by...

Machinability of LAM(Laser Assisted Machining) has been studied for ceramics such as Al₂O₃, Si₃N₄ and ZrO₂ by CO₂ laser. It was possible to remove PCBN tool because material became softening deterioration local laser beam irradiation. The advantage LAM is the ability produce larger removal rates life. But, cutting Al₂O₃ ZrO₂, stage power control needed owing thermal shock with high temperature workpiece power. And when machined LAM, N₂ gas spouted from surface one cause temperature.<BR>...

Microwelding thin stainless steel foil with thickness between 10 and 100 &mu;m was studied by using a single-mode Yb-fiber laser CW maximum output of 40W, which focused spot size approximately in diameter providing power density 10⁸W/cm². The energy coupled to the specimen estimated thermal conduction analysis passing through metal measured an integrating sphere. critical for keyhole welding 2.5 * 10⁷W/cm², at least 2 orders larger higher than...

Welding process of thin stainless foil, the thickness which was 40 μm, studied using a single mode Yb-fiber laser with CW output 40W at maximum. The spot size beam used for series welding measured by profiler equipped rotating knife-edge and photodiode. approximately 10 μm in diameter 1/e2 power density value center obtained focusing lens, focal length 55mm. up to 108W/cm2 provided only 40W. transition absorption between conduction type keyhde discussed based on back-reflected energy,...

Pyropia yezoensis (Ueda) M.S.Hwang et H.G.Choi (Bangiales, Rhodophyta) has potentially high economic value. P. been used as food in East Asian countries for a long time, and, addition to that its consumption is increasing worldwide owing the growing interest healthy seaweed food. A mutant (Py2K) with growth rate was developed using gamma rays increase production of yezoensis. De novo transcriptome analysis performed determine mechanism underlying this mutant. The transcriptomes from...

Deep penetration welding process with ultra-fine keyhole of thin stainless steel foil thickness between 10μm and 100μm was studied using a single mode Yb-fiber laser CW maximum output 40W. The spot size approximately 10 m at 1/e2-power point the value obtained, which provides power density 108W/cm2 Ultra-fine discussed based on energy coupled to specimen WC, passing though metal WP back-reflected WR compared that electron beam welding. It found defocusing by refraction in plume cannot be...

Abstract Context. Specific differentiation of leukemia cutis (LC) from nonleukemic dermatoses is crucial to ensure proper treatment for the disease. Because exceptionally variable histologic features LC and frequent in patients, identification leukemic cells that infiltrate skin lesions important. Here, we introduce JL1, a novel leukemia-associated surface antigen, which not expressed mature human tissue but cortical thymocytes small subpopulations bone marrow hematopoietic precursors....

Present study was performed to determine the welding conditions for sound welding, efficiency and process of bead formation using Yb fiber laser ultra thin metal foil (SUS304, thickness: 10~60μm). The influence assist gas investigated by measurement width at different flow rate keyhole estimated with foil. Relationship between experimental results thermal conduction calculation based on moving line heat source model also investigated. Sound lap 20μm 30μm thickness obtained.

Micro-welding process of ultra-thin stainless steel foil with thickness between 10µm and 100µm was investigated by using a single mode Yb fiber laser maximum CW output 40W. Coupling ratio the beam estimated based on moving line-heat source model experimental bead widths measured at different traveling velocities powers, as high 80-100% larger than 40µm due to multi-reflections in keyhole. Influence assist gas flow rate dimensions weld also analyzed, it found that defocused refraction plume...

Recently, the development of laser welding technology with dissimilar metal is demanded in automobile, aerospace, and sea-water plant industry. Titanium alloy has been increasing to use for important mechanical parts. In this study, lap joint was performed sheets such as titanium steel by CW fiber laser. The strength estimated tensile shear test. characteristics bead were investigated under various experimental conditions. Especially, effect speed on formation inter-metallic compound...

Since COVID-19, the beauty market has built a solid relationship with consumers through SNS. With growing influence of SNS in aesthetic medicine, marketing medical center's social media is growing. As ratio media's for medicine increasing, this research investigated content and impact characteristics on visit intention centers, focusing women their 20s 30s who have high utilization rate Through SNS, 500 copies survey were collected analyzed. Respondents had visited an center. Those...

A system consisting of 11 photodiode sensors from 0 to 90 degrees with respect the workpiece surface has been developed detect angular distribution reflected laser intensity. Spot welding process in thin copper sheet using pulsed Nd:YAG was experimentally analyzed by detecting beam time resolution. performed pulse duration 1 ms on a phosphorus thickness 250 (mu) m atmospheric condition. The change contour molten pool investigated time-resolved and penetrating at sampling frequency 40 kHz....

Neopyropia yezoensis is a type of red macroalgae that becoming economically important owing to increasing demand. A high-growth-rate mutant, NyEMS, was recently developed using ethyl methanesulfonate meet this However, the mechanisms NyEMS have not yet been identified because poor understanding N. biomolecules. In study, subjected comparative transcriptome analysis RNA-seq. As result, total 7,933 differentially expressed unigenes were identified. From analysis, it demonstrated increased...

Laser assisted machining (LAM) has been researched in order to machine the silicon nitride ceramics economically and effectively. LAM is an effective method by local heating of cutting part softening temperature using laser beam. When heated a beam, surface ceramic softened, oxidized decomposed. And then hardness decreased. Through low viscosity conditions, was machined effectively life span tool increased. The plastic deformation occurred due amorphous YSiAlON above <TEX>$...

를 위해서는 접합부 균열발생 및 성능저하의 원인이 되는 수소함량을 극소화하기 위한 접합소재 제조기술이 요구되며 이에 대응한 수소거동에 대한 해석기술이 필요하며, 접합소재의 과학적 플럭스 설계기술 도입과 DB화를 통한 고유원천소재 제조기반 확보가 요구된다. 저수소화를 위하여 미국의 링컨사는 접합소재에 불소(F)를 첨가하여 수소를 낮추는 기술을 개발하였으나, 불소 역시 불화물을 형성하여 환경에 유해하다. 실용화시 다량의 fume 발생으로 환경을 저해하는 요소로 작용하여 Cs 을 첨가한 flux를 설계함으로서 발생량을 기존의 절반으로 줄이는 기술 등이 개발되고 있다. 또한, 탄소배출권 등의 제약으로 CO