A5063642630- Memory Processes and Influences
- Deception detection and forensic psychology
- Radiology practices and education
- Climate Change Communication and Perception
- Environmental Education and Sustainability
- Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Jury Decision Making Processes
- Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics
- Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Health disparities and outcomes
- Face Recognition and Perception
- Psychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual Offending
- Behavioral Health and Interventions
- Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning
- Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Sleep and related disorders
- Effects of Vibration on Health
- Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Urban, Neighborhood, and Segregation Studies
- Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Urban Agriculture and Sustainability
- Ergonomics and Musculoskeletal Disorders
University of Tasmania
2015-2024
Launceston General Hospital
2015
University of the Sunshine Coast
2015
Flinders University
2009-2013
Trying to remember something now typically improves your ability it later. However, after watching a video of simulated bank robbery, participants who verbally described the robber were 25% worse at identifying in lineup than instead listed U.S. states and capitals—this has been termed “verbal overshadowing” effect (Schooler & Engstler-Schooler, 1990). More recent studies suggested that this might be substantially smaller first reported. Given uncertainty about size, influence finding...
Prior research points to a meaningful confidence-accuracy (CA) relationship for positive identification decisions. However, there are theoretical grounds expecting that different aspects of the CA (calibration, resolution, and over/underconfidence) might be undermined in some circumstances. This investigated whether eyewitness decisions is affected by three, forensically relevant variables: exposure duration, retention interval, divided attention at encoding. In Study 1 (N = 986), field...
When compared with simultaneous lineup presentation, sequential presentation has been shown to reduce false identifications a greater extent than it reduces correct identifications. However, there much debate about whether this difference in identification performance represents improved discriminability or more conservative responding. In research, data from 22 experiments that and lineups were analyzed using compound signal-detection model, which is specifically designed describe...
Standard, well-established cognitive tasks that produce reliable effects in group comparisons also lead to unreliable measurement when assessing individual differences. This reliability paradox has been demonstrated decision-conflict such as the Simon, Flanker, and Stroop tasks, which measure various aspects of control. We aim address this by implementing carefully calibrated versions standard tests with an additional manipulation encourage processing conflicting information, well...
One barrier to action on climate change is public trust in science, and projections made by scientists. However, science are rarely measured surveys. We designed survey questions based two Intergovernmental Panel Climate Change regarding global warming coral reef decline. gauge Australians' projections, explore how associated with accepting anthropogenic change. A slim majority of Australian adults correlated positively While partisan divisions extant change, influences attenuated...
Objective: In the present study, we examined effect of working while seated, standing, or walking on measures short-term memory, selective and sustained attention, information-processing speed. Background: The advent computer-based technology has revolutionized adult workplace, such that average full-time employees spend majority their day seated. Prolonged sitting is associated with increasing obesity chronic health conditions in children adults. One possible intervention to reduce negative...
Eyewitnesses sometimes view more than one lineup during an investigation. We investigated the effects of postidentification feedback following on responses to a second lineup. Witnesses (N=621) viewed mock crime and, later, attempted identify culprit from initial (target-absent) and (target-present or target-absent) Prior viewing lineup, some witnesses received accurate stating that did not contain culprit. A compound-decision, signal detection approach allowed identification be described in...
Although the sequential lineup has been proposed as a means of protecting innocent suspects from mistaken identification, little is known about importance various aspects procedure. One potentially important detail that witnesses should not know how many people are in lineup. This sometimes achieved by backloading so believe includes more photographs than it actually does. study aimed to investigate effect on witness decision making. A large sample (N = 833) community-dwelling adults viewed...
Sedentary behaviour is increasing and has been identified as a potential significant health risk, particularly for desk-based employees. The development of sit-stand workstations in the workplace one approach to reduce sedentary behaviour. However, there uncertainty about effects on cognitive functioning. A sample 36 university staff participated within-subjects randomised control trial examining effect sitting vs. standing hour per day five consecutive days attention, information processing...
Background Prior research has demonstrated that time-of-day may play an important role in the extinction of conditioned fear, with better learned earlier day rather than later. Impaired fear memory is widely considered a key mechanism posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The relationship between and PTSD symptoms be moderated by hours-since-waking. Method In present experiment, we examined whether hours-since-waking would moderate learning ability clinical sample (n = 15), compared to...
Recently, a number of authors have made strong claims about the likely very high accuracy identifications with levels confidence when identification testing conditions are pristine.We argue that although these confidenceaccuracy relation justifiable at aggregate level, they may be misleading attempting to evaluate an individual identification.First, we consider recent evolution conclusions drawn confidence-accuracy relationship, and implications for utility evaluating identifications.Next,...
When investigating crimes police frequently use eyewitness identification tests such as lineups in an attempt to establish the culprit's identity. It is now well documented that witnesses commonly make mistakes, sometimes identifying innocent suspects or failing identify culprit. Lineup administrators also mistakes sense they procedures increase likelihood of error. Eyewitness memory research has provided a basis for many useful guidelines regarding conduct tests. Here, we review relevant...
Choices from arrays are often characterized by position effects, such as edge-aversion.We investigated effects when participants attempted to pick a suspect an array similar police photo lineup.A re-analysis of data two large-scale field studies showed that choices made under realistic conditions-closely matching eyewitness identification decisions in investigations-displayed edge-aversion and bias choose the top row (Study 1).In series experiments (Studies 2a-2c 3), guessing location...
When presented with a sequential lineup, witnesses see each member of the lineup individually, essentially making yes/no decision for person shown.An important policy question is whether should be allowed to an additional lap lineup.We investigated impact second on eyewitness decision-making and probative value suspect identifications.We recruited large community sample participants (N = 393), whom viewed target before seeing that did or not include target.A was either required optional.The...
Wells ("The psychology of lineup identifications," Journal Applied Social Psychology, 1984, 14, 89-103) proposed that a blank (an initial known-to-be-innocent foils) can be used to screen eyewitnesses; witnesses who chose from (initial choosers) were more likely make an error on second contained suspect than rejected nonchoosers). Recent technological advances (e.g., computer-administered lineups) may overcome many the practical difficulties cited as barrier use lineups. Our research...
Abstract Introduction Financial incentive programs promote smoking cessation. However, the amount which should be provided—and how this may interact with other program characteristics—is unknown. The objective of study was to evaluate influence design for cessation on current smokers’ perceptions and willingness enroll. Method An online discrete choice experiment conducted amongst adult smokers residing in United Kingdom (N = 430). Hypothetical were described using five attributes (incentive...
Purpose Although inconsistencies undermine the credibility of evidence from a witness or victim, anecdotal many court cases suggests that they do not reduce impact confession evidence. This research provides first empirical test this idea by experimentally manipulating consistency Drawing on principles attribution theory, we hypothesized would only when there was salient, plausible alternative explanation (other than guilt) for why defendant confessed. Methods In two experiments (total N =...