A5049082888- Climate variability and models
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Hydrology and Drought Analysis
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing
- Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies
- Climate change impacts on agriculture
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Precipitation Measurement and Analysis
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Flood Risk Assessment and Management
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Climate change and permafrost
- Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
- Calibration and Measurement Techniques
- Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses
- Water resources management and optimization
Goddard Space Flight Center
2015-2025
Science Systems and Applications (United States)
2017-2025
Morgan State University
2018-2024
University of Maryland, Baltimore
2004-2024
University of Maryland, Baltimore County
2004-2024
Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
2023
Bielefeld University
2023
University of Helsinki
2023
Bayerische Staatssammlung für Paläontologie und Geologie
2023
University of Wisconsin–Madison
1981-2021
The Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications, version 2 (MERRA-2), is the latest atmospheric reanalysis of modern satellite era produced by NASA’s Global Modeling Assimilation Office (GMAO). MERRA-2 assimilates observation types not available to its predecessor, MERRA, includes updates Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS) model analysis scheme so as provide a viable ongoing climate beyond MERRA’s terminus. While addressing known limitations also intended be...
Abstract The Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA) was undertaken by NASA’s Global Modeling Assimilation Office with two primary objectives: to place observations from Earth Observing System satellites into a climate context improve upon the hydrologic cycle represented in earlier generations of reanalyses. Focusing on satellite era, 1979 present, MERRA has achieved its goals significant improvements precipitation water vapor climatology. Here, brief...
The recent U.S. National Academies report, Assessment of Intraseasonal to Interannual Climate Prediction and Predictability, was unequivocal in recommending the need for development a North American Multimodel Ensemble (NMME) operational predictive capability. Indeed, this effort is required meet specific tailored regional prediction decision support needs large community climate information users. multimodel ensemble approach has proven extremely effective at quantifying uncertainty due...
Abstract This study evaluates the tropical intraseasonal variability, especially fidelity of Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) simulations, in 14 coupled general circulation models (GCMs) participating Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report (AR4). Eight years daily precipitation from each model’s twentieth-century climate simulation are analyzed and compared with satellite-retrieved precipitation. Space–time spectral analysis is used to obtain variance phase...
The Data Assimilation Office at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center is currently producing a multiyear gridded global atmospheric dataset for use in climate research, including tropospheric chemistry applications. data, which are being made available to the scientific community, well suited research since they produced by fixed assimilation system designed minimize spinup hydrological cycle. By using nonvarying system, variability due algorithm change eliminated and geophysical can be more...
During the 1930s, United States experienced one of most devastating droughts past century. The drought affected almost two-thirds country and parts Mexico Canada was infamous for numerous dust storms that occurred in southern Great Plains. In this study, we present model results indicate caused by anomalous tropical sea surface temperatures during decade interactions between atmosphere land increased its severity. We also contrast 1930s with other North American 20th
Central Great Plains precipitation deficits during May–August 2012 were the most severe since at least 1895, eclipsing Dust Bowl summers of 1934 and 1936. Drought developed suddenly in May, following near-normal winter early spring. Its proximate causes a reduction atmospheric moisture transport into from Gulf Mexico. Processes that generally provide air mass lift condensation mostly absent, including lack frontal cyclones late spring followed by suppressed deep convection summer owing to...
Weather and climate extremes have been varying changing on many different time scales. In recent decades, heat waves generally become more frequent across the United States, while cold decreasing. While this is in keeping with expectations a warming climate, it turns out that decadal variations number of U.S. do not correlate well observed during last century. Annual peak flow data reveal river flooding trends century scale show uniform changes country. flood magnitudes Southwest decreasing,...
We assessed current status of multi-model ensemble (MME) deterministic and probabilistic seasonal prediction based on 25-year (1980–2004) retrospective forecasts performed by 14 climate model systems (7 one-tier 7 two-tier systems) that participate in the Climate Prediction its Application to Society (CliPAS) project sponsored Asian-Pacific Economic Cooperation Center (APCC). also evaluated seven DEMETER models' MME for period 1981–2001 comparison. Based assessment, future direction...
Abstract The causes of the California drought during November–April winters 2011/12–2013/14 are analyzed using observations and ensemble simulations with seven atmosphere models forced by observed SSTs. Historically, dry most commonly associated a ridge off west coast but no obvious SST forcing. Wet trough an El Niño event. These attributes wet captured many models. According to models, forcing can explain up third winter precipitation variance. was key sustaining high pressure over...
Abstract Aimed at reducing deficiencies in representing the Madden‐Julian oscillation (MJO) general circulation models (GCMs), a global model evaluation project on vertical structure and physical processes of MJO was coordinated. In this paper, results from climate simulation component are reported. It is shown that remains great challenge these latest generation GCMs. The systematic eastward propagation only well simulated about one fourth total participating models. observed westward tilt...
Abstract The U.S. Climate Variability and Predictability (CLIVAR) working group on drought recently initiated a series of global climate model simulations forced with idealized SST anomaly patterns, designed to address number uncertainties regarding the impact forcing role land–atmosphere feedbacks regional drought. runs were carried out five different atmospheric general circulation models (AGCMs) one coupled atmosphere–ocean in which was continuously nudged imposed forcing. This paper...
Abstract There is high demand and a growing expectation for predictions of environmental conditions that go beyond 0–14-day weather forecasts with outlooks extending to one or more seasons beyond. This driven by the needs energy, water management, agriculture sectors, name few. an increasing realization that, unlike forecasts, prediction skill on longer time scales can leverage specific climate phenomena predictable signal above noise. Currently, it understood these are intermittent in have...
Abstract This article reviews the understanding of characteristics and causes northern Eurasian summertime heat waves droughts. Additional insights into nature temperature precipitation variability in Eurasia on monthly to decadal time scales predictability most extreme events are gained from latest generation reanalyses supplemental simulations with NASA Goddard Earth Observing System model, version 5 (GEOS-5). Key new results 1) identification important role stationary Rossby development...
Abstract Drought affects virtually every region of the world, and potential shifts in its character a changing climate are major concern. This article presents synthesis current understanding meteorological drought, with focus on large-scale controls precipitation afforded by sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies, land feedbacks, radiative forcings. The is primarily based regionally focused articles submitted to Global Information System (GDIS) collection together new results from suite...
Drought is a global problem that has far-reaching impacts, especially on vulnerable populations in developing regions. This paper highlights the need for Global Early Warning System (GDEWS), elements constitute its underlying framework (GDEWF), and recent progress made toward development. Many countries lack drought monitoring systems, as well capacity to respond via appropriate political, institutional, technological frameworks, these have inhibited development of integrated management...
Abstract While a quantitative climate theory of tropical cyclone formation remains elusive, considerable progress has been made recently in our ability to simulate climatologies and understand the relationship between formation. Climate models are now able realistic rate global formation, although simulation Atlantic climatology challenging unless horizontal resolutions finer than 50 km employed. This article summarizes published research from idealized experiments Hurricane Working Group...
The U.S. Great Plains experienced a number of multiyear droughts during the last century, most notably 1930s and 1950s. This study examines causes such using ensembles long-term (1930–2000) simulations carried out with NASA Seasonal-to-Interannual Prediction Project (NSIPP-1) atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) forced observed sea surface temperatures (SSTs). results show that produces (multiyear) variations in precipitation region (30°–50°N, 95°–105°W) are similar to those...
Dynamical Seasonal Prediction (DSP) is an informally coordinated multi-institution research project to investigate the predictability of seasonal mean atmospheric circulation and rainfall. The basic idea test feasibility extending technology routine numerical weather prediction beyond inherent limit deterministic produce climate predictions using state-of-the-art global models. Atmospheric general models (AGCMs) either forced by predicted sea surface temperature (SST) or as part a coupled...
The Great Plains region of the United States is characterized by some most frequent and regular occurrences a nocturnal low-level jet (LLJ). While LLJ generally confined to lowest Kilometer atmosphere, it may cover substantial Plains, typically reaches maximum amplitudes more than 20 m s−1. A two-month, springtime simulation with Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS-1) atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) has produced vertical temporal structure, directionality, climatological...
Numerous studies suggest that local feedback of surface evaporation on precipitation, known recycling, is a significant source water for precipitation. Quantitative results the exact amount recycling have been difficult to obtain in view inherent limitations diagnostic calculations. The current study describes calculation and remote geographic sources based implementation three-dimensional constituent tracers regional vapor [termed “water tracers” (WVTs)] general circulation model. major...