Abstract Purpose: This study aimed to investigate whether metabolic tumor volume (MTV) measured from [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) predicts short-term outcome radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy and disease-free survival (DFS) in patients pharyngeal cancers. Experimental Design: The MTVs of primary sites neck nodes were 82 patients. Short-term was assessed using the treatment response evaluation by Response Evaluation Criteria...

Although aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) are essential for protein synthesis, they also function as regulators and signaling molecules in diverse biological processes. Here, we screened 11 different human ARSs to identify the enzyme that is secreted a molecule. Among them, found lysyl-tRNA synthetase (KRS) was from intact cells, its secretion induced by TNF-α. The KRS bound macrophages peripheral blood mononuclear cells enhance TNF-α production their migration. mitogen-activated kinases,...

An auxiliary factor of mammalian multi-aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, p43, is thought to be a precursor endothelial monocyte-activating polypeptide II (EMAP II) that triggers proinflammation in leukocytes and macrophages. In the present work, however, we have shown p43 itself specifically secreted from intact cells, while EMAP released only when cells are disrupted. Secretion was also observed its expression increased. These results suggest should real cytokine by an active mechanism. To...

AIMP2/p38 is a scaffolding protein required for the assembly of macromolecular tRNA synthetase complex. Here, we describe previously unknown function AIMP2 as positive regulator p53 in response to genotoxic stresses. Depletion increased resistance DNA damage-induced apoptosis, and introduction into AIMP2-deficient cells restored susceptibility apoptosis. Upon damage, was phosphorylated, dissociated from multi-tRNA complex, translocated nuclei cells. directly interacts with p53, thereby...

Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) offer a potential alternative for tissue repair and regeneration. We have recently shown that hypoxia stimulates ASCs enhances the regenerative of ASCs, which is beneficial ASC therapy. In present study, we further investigated key mediator signal pathway involved in stimulation during hypoxia. Culturing hypoxic incubator (2% oxygen tension) increased proliferation migration, this was mediated by Akt ERK pathways. To determine generation reactive species...

Platelet-derived growth factor-D (PDGF-D) was recently identified, and acts as potent mitogen for mesenchymal cells. PDGF-D also induces cellular transformation promotes tumor growth. However, the functional role of in adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) has not been identified. Therefore, we primarily investigated autocrine paracrine roles this study. Furthermore, identified signaling pathways molecular mechanisms involved PDGF-D-induced stimulation ASCs. It is interest that PDGF-B expressed,...

We had previously investigated the expression and functional role of C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 12 (CXCL12) during hair cycle progression. CXCL12 was highly expressed in stromal cells such as dermal fibroblasts (DFs) inhibition increased growth. Therefore, we further whether a neutralizing antibody (αCXCL12) is effective for androgenic alopecia (AGA) areata (AA) studied underlying molecular mechanism treating these diseases. In AGA model, DFs. Subcutaneous (s.c.) injection αCXCL12...

Human aminoacyl–tRNA synthetases (ARSs) are normally located in cytoplasm and involved protein synthesis. In the present work, we found that human methionyl–tRNA synthetase (MRS) was translocated to nucleolus proliferative cells, but disappeared quiescent cells. The nucleolar localization of MRS triggered by various growth factors such as insulin, PDGF, EGF. presence nucleoli depended on integrity RNA activity polymerase I nucleolus. ribosomal synthesis specifically decreased treatment...

Mammalian aminoacyl tRNA synthetases form a macromolecular protein complex with three non-enzymatic cofactors. Among these factors, p43 is also secreted to work as cytokine on endothelial well immune cells. Here we investigated the activity of in angiogenesis and determined related mediators. It promoted migration cells at low dose but induced their apoptosis high dose. concentration activated extracellular signal-regulating kinase, which resulted induction activation matrix...

Background The pharmacokinetics of both propofol and remifentanil have been described extensively. Although they are commonly administered together for clinical anesthesia, their pharmacokinetic interaction has not investigated so far. purpose the current investigation was to elucidate nature extent interactions between remifentanil. Methods Twenty healthy volunteers aged 20-43 yr initially received either or alone in a stepwise incremental decremental fashion target controlled infusion....

Here, we demonstrate that SENP2, a desumoylating enzyme, plays critical role in the control of adipogenesis. SENP2 expression was markedly increased upon induction adipocyte differentiation, and this increase dependent on protein kinase A activation. Remarkably, knockdown led to dramatic attenuation adipogenesis with marked decrease PPARgamma C/EBPalpha mRNA levels. Knockdown also caused reduction level C/EBPbeta but not mRNA. Interestingly, sumoylation dramatically its ubiquitination...

AIMP2 (aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase interacting multifunctional protein 2; also known as JTV-1) was first identified p38 in a macromolecular complex that consisted of nine different aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases and two other auxiliary factors. plays pivotal roles the regulation cell proliferation death. Although previously shown to augment TNFalpha-induced death, its working mechanism this signal pathway not understood. Here, we investigate functional significance mode action TNFalpha signaling....

We have previously demonstrated that hypoxia stimulates adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, precise mechanism involved in ROS by ASCs is not well understood. sought to investigate this work: (1) which subtype NADPH oxidase (Nox) primarily expressed ASCs; (2) where Nox4 localized and (3) whether silencing attenuates hypoxia-enhanced function ASC. used 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCF-DA) as an indicator found fluorescence...

Although serum bile acid concentrations are approximately 10 µM in healthy subjects, the crosstalk between biliary system and vascular repair has never been investigated. In this study, tauroursodeoxycholic (TUDCA) induced dissociation of CD34(+) hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from stromal by reducing adhesion molecule expression. TUDCA increased /Sca1(+) progenitors mice peripheral blood (PB), , CD31(+) c-kit(+) human PB. addition, differentiation HSCs into EPC lineage via Akt activation....

<b>Background and study aims:</b> Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)-related duodenal perforation is rare but can cause high mortality. Our aim was to assess the clinical outcomes of these events. <b>Method: </b>A total 59 patients who were diagnosed as having ERCP-related at six institutions between 2000 2007 enrolled in this multicenter retrospective study. We evaluated complications mortality associated with according injury detection time (IDT), peritoneal irritation...

Transducer of ErbB-2.1 (Tob1), a tumor suppressor protein, is inactivated in variety cancers including stomach cancer. However, the role Tob1 gastric carcinogenesis remains elusive. The present study aimed to investigate whether could inhibit cancer progression vitro, and elucidate its underlying molecular mechanisms. We found differential expression human (MKN28, AGS MKN1) cells. overexpression induced apoptosis MKN28 cells, which was associated with sub-G1 arrest, activation caspase-3,...

Stem cells are attractive candidates for the regeneration of tissue and organ. Mesenchymal stem (MSCs) have been extensively investigated their potential applications in regenerative medicine cell therapy. For developing effective therapy, mass production consistent quality is required. The culture medium most critical aspect qualified cells. Classically, fetal bovine serum (FBS) has used as a supplement MSCs. Due to undefined heterologous composition animal origin components FBS, efforts...

Endothelial monocyte activating polypeptide II (EMAPII) is a cytokine that specifically induced by apoptosis. Its precursor (pro-EMAPII) has been suggested to be identical p43, which associated with the multi-tRNA synthetase complex. Herein, we have demonstrated N-terminal domain of pro-EMAPII interacts extension human cytoplasmic arginyl-tRNA (RRS) using genetic and immunoprecipitation analyses. Aminoacylation activity RRS was enhanced about 2.5-fold interaction but not its N- or C-terminal...