A5037037801- Hepatitis C virus research
- Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Liver Disease and Transplantation
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Disease
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Liver Diseases and Immunity
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Viral Infectious Diseases and Gene Expression in Insects
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Research
- MicroRNA in disease regulation
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Cancer-related molecular mechanisms research
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
Istituto Superiore di Sanità
2013-2025
Prevalence of anti-hepatitis E virus (HEV) antibodies is highly variable in developed countries, which seems partly due to differences assay sensitivity. Using validated sensitive assays, we tested 313 blood donors attending a hospital transfusion unit central Italy January and February 2014 for anti-HEV IgG IgM HEV RNA. Data on exposure were collected from all donors. Overall prevalence was 49% (153/313). Eating raw dried pig-liver sausage the only independent predictor infection (adjusted...
We have generated unique asymmetric liposomes with phosphatidylserine (PS) distributed at the outer membrane surface to resemble apoptotic bodies and phosphatidic acid (PA) inner layer as a strategy enhance innate antimycobacterial activity in phagocytes while limiting inflammatory response. Results show that these body-like carrying PA (ABL/PA) ( i ) are more efficiently internalized by human macrophages than nonprofessional phagocytes, ii induce cytosolic Ca 2+ influx, iii promote...
In Europe, hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is mainly a food-borne zoonosis, but it can also be transmitted by blood transfusion. It usually mild and self-limited infection. However, immunocompromised persons, who are those more likely to undergo transfusions, may develop chronic often cirrhosis. Since this potential threat safety, we aimed investigate HEV prevalence in Italian donors.We used plasma donations collected during 2015-2016 services (BS) scattered throughout the regions intended...
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) proteins are known to interfere at several levels with both innate and adaptive responses of the host. A key target in these effects is interferon (IFN) signaling pathway. While nonstructural well established, role structural remains controversial. We investigated effect HCV on expression regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1), a secondary transcription IFN system responsible for inducing antiviral immunomodulatory genes. found substantial inhibition IRF-1 cells expressing...
We investigated SARS-CoV-2 variants circulating, from November 2020 to March 2022, among military and civilian personnel at an Air Force airport in Italy order classify viral isolates a potential hotspot for virus spread. Positive samples were subjected Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) of the whole genome Sanger sequencing spike coding region. Phylogenetic analysis classified traced their evolutionary relationships. Clusters identified using 70% cut-off. methods yielded comparable results...
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection can become chronic in immunocompromised patients, like solid organ transplant recipients (SOTRs). We evaluated HEV prevalence, risk factors, and outcomes among SOTRs a hyperendemic area. Three hundred were enrolled from April to July 2019 tested for anti-HEV IgM IgG RNA. Sixty-three (21%) positive any marker. was independently associated with older age pork liver sausage consumption. viremic harbored genotype 3e 3f according RNA sequencing phylogenetic...
Epidemiological evidence links Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and C (HCV) to B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL). These B-NHLs, particularly those associated with HCV, may represent a distinct sub-group peculiar molecular features, including expression of microRNAs (miRs). The aim the present study was search for miRs whose level in indolent B-NHL tissues could be HBV or HCV infection. Fourteen formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) from HBV+, HCV+ HBV-/HCV- patients were analyzed levels 34...
Abstract Background Infections with hepatitis C virus (HCV) progress to chronic phase in 80% of patients. To date, the effect produced by HCV on expression microRNAs (miRs) involved interferon-β (IFN-β) antiviral pathway has not been explored details. Thus, we compared profile 24 selected miRs IFN-β-treated Huh-7 cells and three different clones carrying a self-replicating RNA which express all viral proteins (HCV replicon system). Methods The 21-5 clone respect parental was analysed...
Summary In Europe, autochthonous hepatitis E virus ( HEV ) infection is mainly a foodborne zoonosis, but it also transmitted by blood transfusion. Despite the numerous prevalence surveys, only few studies have investigated incidence. We aimed to determine incidence and risk factors among donors in hyperendemic area Central Italy. Of 296 who had tested negative two previous seroprevalence surveys L'Aquila, 198 agreed undergo at least another sampling for estimating nearly 2 years after...
Type I interferon (IFN-I) have emerged as crucial mediators of cellular signals controlling DC differentiation and function. Human differentiated from monocytes in the presence IFN-α (IFN-α DC) show a partially mature phenotype special capability stimulating CD4+ T cell cross-priming CD8+ cells. Likewise, plasmacytoid (pDC) are blood highly specialized production response to viruses other danger signals, whose functional features may be shaped by IFN-I. Here, we investigated molecular...
Hepatitis E is a liver disease caused by the hepatitis virus (HEV), primarily transmitted through contaminated water or food. There are four different HEV genotypes in humans, with 1 and 2 being most widespread. Genotypes 3 4 found animals can also infect humans. Genotype prevalent Asia, mainly China. In Italy, only one outbreak of HEV-4 has been documented, which occurred 2011, involving five patients. 2013, G4 was detected pig farm. Since then, no further evidence genotype country. This...
In Italy, the incidence of hepatitis A has progressively declined over last 30 years, though not homogeneously throughout country. Campania, Southern high annual rates have been reported and several periodic outbreaks occurred. To investigate phylogenetic epidemiologic relationships among HAV strains circulating in Campania period 1997-2015, 87 cases were investigated. The most frequent risk factor was consumption raw/undercooked shellfish (75/87, 86.2%). During 1997-2002 viral subtype IA...
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) genotype 3 has a worldwide distribution. The food-borne transmission of HEV associated with the consumption products derived from domestic pig, wild boar been reported in various countries. In this study genetic diversity, evolutionary rates 3f, 3c among swine and Italy were estimated.Sampling was performed on population living an area located Abruzzo region. RNA amplification by real-time RT-PCR. Nested RT-PCR sequencing ORF2 region carried out Super Script III...
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA synthesis and protein expression affect cell homeostasis by modulation of gene expression. The impact HCV replication on global transcription has not been fully evaluated. Thus, we analysed the profiles different clones human hepatoma-derived Huh-7 cells carrying a self-replicating which express all viral proteins (HCV replicon system).First, compared profile clone 21-5 with both parental cured (21-5c) cells. In these latter, eliminated IFN-alpha treatment. To...
The routes of hepatitis E virus (HEV) transmission have still not been fully clarified. Here, we evaluated the possibility sexual HEV, which remains a highly disputed issue.Hepatitis risk was assessed by comparing prevalence HEV infection in sample 196 Italian men who sex with (MSM) involved multi-country A (HAV) outbreak, and 3,912 male blood donors selected from same regions provinces as MSM. Selection study participants motivated fact that among has found to vary enormously between...
The E1 glycoprotein of hepatitis C virus is a transmembrane with C-terminal anchor domain. When expressed in Escherichia coli, induces change membrane permeability that toxic to the bacterial cell. hydrophobic region (aa 331-383) mainly responsible for association and inducing changes permeability. These observed are similar those produced E. coli by influenza M2, human immunodeficiency gp41 poliovirus 3AB proteins, whose domains thought cause pore formation biological membranes. To further...
The molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis in hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection are not yet understood. Recently, we reported that the expression envelope protein E1 is toxic for <i>Escherichia coli</i> cells. toxicity related to ability C-terminal transmembrane (TM) domain modify membrane permeability. In this study expressed protein, complete (a.a. 192–383) or deleted 192–340) TM region, fused C-terminus glutathione-S-transferase by two recombinant baculoviruses. Infection Sf9...
It is well established that human monocytes differentiate into dendritic cells (DCs) when cultured with certain cytokine cocktails, such as granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-4. Conversely, it not completely which cell population synthesizes the cytokines required for monocyte differentiation how their secretion regulated. We show on specific activation T induce DCs of antigen-presenting bystander monocytes. Monocytes exposed to released by Th1 Th0 lymphocytes a...