Abstract Nanowires are commonly used as tools for interfacing living cells, acting biomolecule‐delivery vectors or electrodes. It is generally assumed that the small size of nanowires ensures a minimal cellular perturbation, yet effects on cell migration and proliferation remain largely unknown. Fibroblast behaviour vertical nanowire arrays investigated, it shown motility rate reduced nanowires. Fibroblasts cultured long exhibit failed division, DNA damage, increased ROS content respiration....

Abstract The field of vertical nanowire array-based applications in cell biology is growing rapidly and an increasing number are being explored. These almost invariably rely on the physical properties arrays, creating a need for better understanding how their affect behaviour. Here, we investigate effects density migration, division morphology murine fibroblasts. Our results show that few nanowires sufficient to immobilize cells, while high spatial enables ”bed-of-nails” regime, where cells...

The effects of an anticancer drug is reflected in the traction forces cancer and normal cells, which are measured using vertical nanowires.

With a view to the miniaturization of ion-selective electrodes (ISEs), thin (10−20 μm) polymer membranes are directly contacted Au covered with redox-active, lipophilic self-assembled monolayer (SAM). Several homogeneous and mixed monolayers characterized by reflection−absorption infrared spectroscopy, ellipsometry, scanning tunneling microscopy, cyclic voltammetry, contact angle measurements. These Au/thiol surfaces combined different K+-selective sensing based on poly(vinyl chloride)...

Magnetic MFe2O4 (M = Fe, Co, or Mn) nanoparticles with uniform diameters in the 4−20 nm range and excellent material properties, reported previously, can be rendered soluble water aqueous buffers using a combination of alkylphosphonate surfactants other such as ethoxylated fatty alcohols phospholipids. Surfactant-modified oligonucleotides incorporated into particles' organic shell. The particles withstand salt concentrations up to 0.3 M, temperatures 90 °C, various operations concentration...

Rapid, sequence-specific DNA detection is essential for applications in medical diagnostics and genetic screening. Electrical biosensors that use immobilized nucleic acids are especially promising these because of their potential miniaturization automation. Current methods based on sequencing by synthesis rely optical readouts; however, a direct electrical method this technique not available. We report here an approach enzymatically catalyzed induced surface charge perturbation. discovered...

Nanowires are increasingly used in biology, as sensors, injection devices, and model systems for toxicity studies. Currently, situ visualization of nanowires biological media is done using organic dyes, which prone to photobleaching, or microscopy methods either yield poor resolution require a sophisticated setup. Here we show that inherently fluorescent nanowire axial heterostructures can be localize identify cells tissue. By synthesizing GaP–GaInP heterostructures, with nonfluorescent GaP...

Sensing and manipulating living cells using vertical nanowire devices requires a complete understanding of cell behavior on these substrates. Changes in function phenotype are often triggered by events taking place at the plasma membrane, properties which influenced local curvature. The topography can therefore be expected to greatly affect emphasizing importance studying membranes arrays. Here, we used supported phospholipid bilayers as model for biomembranes. We demonstrate formation fluid...

Biological barriers formed by the endothelium and epithelium regulate nutrient exchange, disease development, drug delivery. Organ-on-chip (OOC) systems effectively model these incorporating key biophysical cues like microscale...

Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of 11-mercapto-1-undecanol (TOH) and mixed TOH dodecanethiol (TCH3) were transformed to isocyanate-bearing layers by reaction the hydroxyl groups in with 1,4-phenylene diisocyanate (PDI). PDI reacts only one its isocyanate groups, yielding a carbamate (urethane) group; conversion is nearly quantitative, attached phenylene moiety oriented perpendicularly surface, as indicated IR reflection measurements at grazing incidence. The free readily react under mild...

Semiconductor nanowires are widely used to interface living cells, and numerous nanowire-based devices have been developed manipulate or sense cell behavior. We have, however, little knowledge on the nature of cell-nanowire interface. Laminin is an extracellular matrix protein promoting attachment growth. Here, we a method based fluorescence microscopy measured relative amount laminin adsorbed compared flat surfaces. The per surface area up 4 times higher 55nm diameter gallium phosphide...

Proximity ligation assay (PLA) is a powerful tool for quantitative detection of protein biomarkers in biological fluids and tissues. Here, we present the circular proximity (c-PLA), highly specific method that outperforms traditional PLA stringency, ease use, compatibility with low-affinity reagents. In c-PLA, two probes bind to an analyte, providing scaffolding positions free oligonucleotides such they can be ligated into DNA molecule. This format stabilizes antigen probe complexes enhances...

Measurement of endothelial and epithelial barrier integrity is important for a variety in vitro models, including Transwell assays, cocultures, organ-on-chip platforms. Barrier resistance typically measured by trans-endothelial electrical (TEER), but TEER invasive cannot accurately measure isolated monolayer coculture or most devices. These limitations are addressed porous membrane cell–substrate impedance sensing (PM-ECIS), which measures cell monolayers grown directly on permeable...

We present a novel scheme for producing nanotube membranes using free-standing hollow nanowires, with easily controllable dimensions. GaAs-AlInP core-shell nanowires were grown by metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy and partially embedded in polymer film. The GaAs core substrate etched selectively, leaving tubes open access to both sides of the membrane. Electrophoretic transport T4-phage DNA through was demonstrated epifluorescence microscopy.

Monochromatic, aberration-corrected, dual-beam low energy electron microscopy (MAD-LEEM) is a novel imaging technique aimed at high resolution of macromolecules, nanoparticles, and surfaces. MAD-LEEM combines three innovative electron–optical concepts in single tool: monochromator, mirror aberration corrector, dual beam illumination. The monochromator reduces the spread illuminating beam, which significantly improves spectroscopic spatial resolution. corrector needed to achieve subnanometer...

DNA sequencing by imaging in an electron microscope is approach that holds promise to deliver long reads with low error rates and without the need for amplification. Earlier work using transmission microscopes, which use high energies on order of 100 keV, has shown contrast radiation damage necessitates heavy atom labeling individual nucleotides, increases read rates. Other prior scattering electrons much lower energy suppress beam DNA. Here we explore possibilities increase employing two...

We tested how depth and cobble clusters affected pool use by brown trout Salmo trutta in four enclosures a seminatural, outdoor stream channel. Into each enclosure, which consisted of shallow, cobble-filled habitat deeper pool, we stocked eight 9–19 cm long that had been tagged with passive integrated transponders (PIT). Receiver antennae for the PIT tags were placed between two habitats to allow continuous monitoring movements individual fish. found used pools greater extent at night than...

Abstract The present study reports on the retention of conformational flexibility a model allosteric protein upon immobilization self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) gold. Organothiolated SAMs different compositions were utilized for adsorptive and covalent attachment bovine liver glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), well‐characterized enzyme. Sensitive fluorimetric assays developed to determine capacity, specific activity, properties immobilized preparations as well potential repeated use continuous...