The current study analyzed NGF protein levels in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) as compared aged neurologically normal individuals. An established two-site ELISA was used to measure NGF-like immunoreactivity hippocampus, superior temporal gyrus, frontal inferior parietal lobule, and occipital cortical poles, cerebellum, amygdala, putamen, nucleus basalis Meynert (nbM). ChAT activity assayed adjacent tissue samples. were also evaluated Parkinson's for comparison both AD...

A two-site ELISA and a bioassay were used to detect NGF-like activity in human brain tissue. Both assays detected mouse NGF recombinant with approximately equal sensitivity, whereas the antibodies showed little cross-reactivity proteins NT-3 brain-derived neurotrophic factor. was fresh cortical samples obtained from epileptic patients, highest observed right hemisphere of men. subsequently measured autopsy frontal occipital cortex patients Alzheimer's disease (AD) individuals no history or...

The rat hippocampal formation was tested for the presence of factors that would accelerate neurite extension from chick parasympathetic (ciliary ganglion) or sympathetic (lumbar chain) neurons in vitro. Two growth were identified extracts this brain region. One accelerated and blocked by antiserum to nerve factor. other but not affected antiserum. These results suggest specific account specificity neuronal sprouting.

Abstract Noradrenergic fibers were identified in rat cervical lymph nodes by fluorescence histochemistry and confirmed radioenzymatic determination of norepinephrine. After superior ganglionectomy, node norepinephrine noradrenergic strikingly decreased. The α‐adrenergic radioligand [ 3 H] dihydroergocryptine bound to saturable sites on membranes (0.20 pmol/mg protein; affinity constant, 8 nM) with characteristics expected for receptor binding. binding present high concentration from stroma...

Apolipoprotein E (apoE)-related synthetic peptides, the 22 kDa N-terminal thrombin-cleavage fragment of apoE (truncated apoE), and full-length have all been shown to exhibit neurotoxic activity under certain culture conditions. In present study, protease inhibitors reduced neurotoxicity proteolysis but did not block toxicity truncated or a peptide, suggesting that fragments may account for its toxicity. Additional experiments demonstrated both peptide elicit an increase in intracellular...

Conditioned medium prepared from slices of the rat hippocampal formation contains an agent that shares following properties with nerve growth factor (NGF): it promotes neurite embryonic sympathetic ganglia in vitro; and is inhibited by affinity-purified antibody against mouse submaxillary gland 2.5 S NGF. The NGF-like growth-promoting activity regionally distributed within formation: consistently higher dentate gyrus-CA3 region than CA1 region. Furthermore, level significantly increased 1...

Repeated seizures, whether induced by kindling or electroshock, result in increased numbers of benzodiazepine receptors hippocampal formation membranes. We sought to determine the cellular constituents containing receptor increases. Binding studies microdissected samples localized increases fascia dentata. [3H]Flunitrazepam autoradiographic showed silver grain density over granule cell and molecular layers dentata but not other regions formation. Destruction cells colchicine neonatal...

Abstract Brainstem neurons which project to lumbar, thoracic and cervical spinal levels have been identified in the North American opossum by horseradish peroxidase (HRP) technique. Neurons relay all of studied are located within medullary pontine reticular formation as well nucleus cuneatus, tractus solitarius, lateral nucleus, caudal raphe nuclei, lateral, medial inferior vestibular “F,” coeruleus, para α, red interstitial Cajal. The vestibulospinal rubrospinal systems topographically...

Potent neurotoxicity is associated with both apolipoprotein E (apoE)-related synthetic peptides and the 22 kDa N-terminal thrombin-cleavage fragment of apoE. Furthermore, E4 isoform significantly more toxic than same derived from E3 isoform, suggesting possibility a direct role apoE-associated in pathophysiology Alzheimer’s disease. In present study, potential cell surface receptors mediating was assessed by using variety agents that should block heparin-binding receptor-binding activity...

A 22 kDa fragment of apoE containing a putative cyto-toxi domain was identified in postmortem human brain tissue and fresh CSF. This is apparently equivalent to the major thrombin cleavage product. In vitro toxicity assays demonstrate that corresponding derived from recombinantly expressed toxic primary neurons culture E4-derived significantly more than E3 isoform. These results suggest proteolytic fragments may play direct role pathology associated with AD other diseases which has been implicated.

Abstract The infusion of nerve growth factor (NGF) into the lateral ventricle ofthe mature rat brain elicits a sprouting response from axons associated with intradural segment internal carotid artery. Using electron microscopic techniques, we observed three–fold increase in total number perivascular axons. This NGF‐elicited is characterized by dramatic reduction glial cell ensheathment similar to that during development and presence profiles devoid organelles may represent newly formed...

Abstract The distribution of monoamine‐containing neurons within the brain opossum is described using Falck‐Hillarp histofluorescence technique. Catecholamine‐containing are organized into four groups. medulla contains one group which located dorsolateral to lateral reticular nucleus and ventrolateral dorsal vagal nucleus. second collection found pons includes both locus coeruleus a region continuous with it referred as coeruleus, pars α. third aggregate substantia nigra, ventral tegmental...