A5001829448- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Climate change and permafrost
- Climate variability and models
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Amphibian and Reptile Biology
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Dermatology and Skin Diseases
- Geological Studies and Exploration
- Primate Behavior and Ecology
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Scientific Research and Discoveries
- Animal and Plant Science Education
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Ecology and biodiversity studies
- Marine and environmental studies
- Gut microbiota and health
- Biological Research and Disease Studies
- Winter Sports Injuries and Performance
- Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis
- Fibroblast Growth Factor Research
- Aquatic Invertebrate Ecology and Behavior
- Arctic and Russian Policy Studies
University of Manitoba
2020-2024
University of Toronto
2024
Museum of Vertebrate Zoology
2022
University of California, Berkeley
2020-2022
Scripps Institution of Oceanography
2014-2017
University of California, San Diego
2016-2017
University of California, Santa Cruz
2011
Stony Brook University
2011
Abstract We examine CMIP6 simulations of Arctic sea‐ice area and volume. find that models produce a wide spread mean area, capturing the observational estimate within multimodel ensemble spread. The provides more realistic sensitivity September to given amount anthropogenic CO 2 emissions global warming, compared with earlier CMIP experiments. Still, most fail simulate at same time plausible evolution surface temperature. In vast majority available simulations, Ocean becomes practically free...
Observations indicate that the Arctic sea ice cover is rapidly retreating while Antarctic steadily expanding. State-of-the-art climate models, by contrast, typically simulate a moderate decrease in both and covers. However, each hemisphere there small subset of model simulations have trends similar to observations. Based on this, number recent studies suggested models are consistent with observations when simulated internal variability taken into account. Here changes during 1979–2013...
Double-diffusive convection, often referred to as semi-convection in astrophysics, occurs thermally and compositionally stratified systems which are stable according the Ledoux-criterion but unstable Schwarzchild criterion. This process has been given relatively little attention so far, its properties remain poorly constrained. In this paper, we present analyze a set of three-dimensional simulations phenomenon Cartesian domain under Boussinesq approximation. We find that some cases...
Abstract The Canada Basin has exhibited a significant trend toward fresher surface layer and thus more stratified upper‐ocean over the past three decades. State‐of‐the‐art ice‐ocean models, by contrast, tend to simulate that is saltier less than observed. Here, we examine decadal changes seasonal processes may contribute this wide‐reaching model bias using climate simulations from Community Earth System Model below‐ice observations Arctic Ice Dynamics Joint Experiment in 1975 Tethered...
Abstract The downward trend in Arctic sea ice extent is one of the most dramatic signals climate change during recent decades. Comprehensive models have struggled to reproduce this trend, typically simulating a slower rate retreat than has been observed. However, bias widely noted decreased participating phase 5 Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) compared with previous generation (CMIP3). Here simulations are examined from both CMIP3 and CMIP5. It found that simulated historical...
Abstract The seasonal ice-free period in the Hudson Bay Complex (HBC) has grown longer recent decades response to warming, both from progressively earlier sea-ice retreat summer and later advance fall. Such changes disrupt HBC ecosystem ice-based human activities. In this study, we compare 102 simulations 37 models participating phase 6 of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project satellite passive microwave record atmospheric reanalyses. We show that, throughout HBC, simulate an that averages...
Abstract Thermohaline staircases are a widespread stratification feature that impacts the vertical transport of heat and nutrients consistently observed throughout Canada Basin Arctic Ocean. Observations from same time period geographic region form clusters in temperature-salinity ( T – S ) space. Here, for first time, we use an automated clustering algorithm called hierarchical density-based spatial applications with noise to detect connect individual well-mixed staircase layers across...
Abstract We compare the vertical hydrography of Community Earth System Model Large Ensemble (CESM1‐LE) with observations from two specific periods: Arctic Ice Dynamics Joint Experiment (AIDJEX; 1975–1976) and Ice‐Tethered Profilers (ITP; 2004–2018). A comparison between simulated observed salinity potential temperature profiles highlights key model biases in all ensemble members: (a) an absence Pacific Waters water column (b) a slight deepening May mixed layer contrary to observations, which...
Earth and Space Science Open Archive This work has been accepted for publication in Geophysical Research Letters. Version of RecordESSOAr is a venue early communication or feedback before peer review. Data may be preliminary. Learn more about preprints. preprintOpen AccessYou are viewing the latest version by default [v1]Surface salinity under transitioning ice cover Canada Basin: Climate model biases linked to vertical 2 distribution...
Abstract The Arctic seasonal halocline impacts the exchange of heat, energy, and nutrients between surface deeper ocean, it is changing in response to sea ice melt over past several decades. Here, we assess formation 1975 2006–12 by comparing daily, May–September, salinity profiles collected Canada Basin under ice. We evaluate differences two time periods using a one-dimensional (1D) bulk model quantify freshwater input vertical mixing. 1D metrics indicate that separate factors contribute...
Abstract. Changes in sea ice conditions directly impact the way wind transfers energy to Arctic Ocean. The thinning and increasing mobility of is expected change size speed ridges on underside floes, called keels, which cause turbulence upper-ocean stratification. However, effects changing keel characteristics below-ice mixing are difficult determine from sparse observations have not been investigated numerical or laboratory experiments. Here, for first time, we examine how an affect various...
Abstract. Changes in sea ice conditions directly impact the way wind transfers energy to Arctic Ocean. The thinning and increasing mobility of is expected change size speed ridges on underside floes, called keels, which cause turbulence upper-ocean stratification. However, effects changing keel characteristics below-ice mixing are difficult determine from sparse observations have not been investigated numerical or laboratory experiments. Here, for first time, we examine how an affect various...
<p>The Last Interglacial (LIG) is a period of great importance as an analog for future climate change. Global sea level was 6-9 m higher than present. Stronger LIG summertime insolation at high northern latitudes drove Arctic land summer temperatures around 4-5 K during the preindustrial era. Climate-model simulations have previously failed to capture these elevated temperatures. This may be because models correctly ice changes.</p><p>Here, we show...
Earth and Space Science Open Archive This preprint has been submitted to is under consideration at Journal of Geophysical Research - Oceans. ESSOAr a venue for early communication or feedback before peer review. Data may be preliminary.Learn more about preprints preprintOpen AccessYou are viewing the latest version by default [v1]Canada Basin hydrography in CESM-LE observations: implications vertical ocean heat transport transitioning sea ice...
Earth and Space Science Open Archive This is a preprint has not been peer reviewed. ESSOAr venue for early communication or feedback before review. Data may be preliminary.Learn more about preprints preprintOpen AccessYou are viewing the latest version by default [v1]Freshwater input vertical mixing in Canada Basin's seasonal halocline: 1975 vs 2006-2012AuthorsEricaRosenblumiDJulienneStroeveiDSarah TGilleiDL...
Everything that happens in the Arctic Ocean, be it of physical, biological, or chemical nature, is constrained by vertical distribution heat and salt. In this talk, I will share recent results on-going work aimed at examining questions directly related to mixing below sea ice: (1) How accurately are physical properties Canada Basin simulated climate models? (2) do observed changes size speed a ice floe ocean stratification impact 2D numerical simulations? (3) Can we, for first time, examine...
© 2023 American Meteorological Society. For information regarding reuse of this content and general copyright information, consult the AMS Copyright Policy (www.ametsoc.org/PUBSReuseLicenses). This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Corresponding authors: Benjamin Rabe, benjamin.rabe@awi.de; Torge Martin, tomartin@geomar.de
Thermohaline staircases are a widespread stratification feature that impact the vertical transport of heat and nutrients consistently observed throughout Canada Basin Arctic Ocean. Observations from same time period geographic region form clusters in temperature-salinity ($T$--$S$) space. Here, for first time, we use an automated clustering algorithm called Hierarchical Density-Based Spatial Clustering Applications with Noise (HDBSCAN), to detect connect individual well-mixed staircase...