A5021951610- MXene and MAX Phase Materials
- Diamond and Carbon-based Materials Research
- Metal and Thin Film Mechanics
- 2D Materials and Applications
- Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices
- Aluminum Alloys Composites Properties
- Force Microscopy Techniques and Applications
- Vacuum and Plasma Arcs
- Advanced materials and composites
- Advanced ceramic materials synthesis
- Electronic and Structural Properties of Oxides
- ZnO doping and properties
- Ion-surface interactions and analysis
- Boron and Carbon Nanomaterials Research
- Advanced Surface Polishing Techniques
- Advanced Memory and Neural Computing
- Magnetic properties of thin films
- Mechanical and Optical Resonators
- Supercapacitor Materials and Fabrication
- Chemical and Physical Properties of Materials
- High-pressure geophysics and materials
- Heusler alloys: electronic and magnetic properties
- Magnetic and transport properties of perovskites and related materials
- Micro and Nano Robotics
- Advanced Sensor Technologies Research
Linköping University
2014-2024
Thinfilm (Sweden)
2014-2021
Element Six (United States)
2018
University of Latvia
2009-2011
With increased chemical diversity and structural complexity comes the opportunities for innovative materials possessing advantageous properties. Herein, we combine predictive first-principles calculations with experimental synthesis, to explore origin of formation atomically laminated i-MAX phases. By probing (Mo2/3 M1/32)2 AC (where M2 = Sc, Y A Al, Ga, In, Si, Ge, In), predict seven stable phases, five which should have a retained stability at high temperatures. (Mo2/3Sc1/3)2GaC...
In 2017, we discovered quaternary i-MAX phases—atomically layered solids, where M is an early transition metal, A group element, and X C—with a (M12/3M21/3)2AC chemistry, the M1 M2 atoms are in-plane ordered. Herein, report discovery of class magnetic phases in which bilayers quasi-2D frustrated triangular lattice overlay Mo honeycomb arrangement Al Kagomé lattice. The chemistry this family (Mo2/3RE1/3)2AlC, rare-earth, RE, elements Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Lu. properties were...
We report the synthesis of eight new members i-MAX family, formula (Mo2/3RE1/3)2GaC, where RE = Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Lu, and Yb, latter not previously incorporated in a MAX phase. The structure composition powder samples were investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive analysis combined with microscopy. All phases showed evidence an orthorhombic (Cmcm) structure, based on Er Yb also crystallized monoclinic (C2/c) arrangement. chemical...
Inherently layered magnetic materials, such as ${M}_{n+1}A{X}_{n}$ (MAX) phases, offer an intriguing perspective for use in spintronics applications and ideal model systems fundamental studies of complex phenomena. The MAX phase composition ${{M}_{n}}_{+1}A{X}_{n}$ consists ${M}_{n+1}{X}_{n}$ blocks separated by atomically thin $A$-layers where $M$ is a transition metal, $A$ A-group element, $X$ refers to carbon and/or nitrogen, $n$ typically 1, 2, or 3. Here, we show that the recently...
In 2013, a new class of inherently nanolaminated magnetic materials, the so called MAX phases, was discovered. Following predictive material stability calculations, hexagonal Mn2GaC compound synthesized as hetero-epitaxial films containing Mn exclusive M-element. Recent theoretical and experimental studies suggested high ordering temperature non-collinear antiferromagnetic (AFM) spin states result competitive ferromagnetic exchange interactions. order to assess potential for practical...
DC arc plasma from Ti, Al, and Ti1-xAlx (x = 0.16, 0.25, 0.50, 0.70) compound cathodes was characterized with respect to chemistry charge-state-resolved ion energy. Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Energy-dispersive spectroscopy of the deposited films cathode surfaces were used for exploring correlation between cathode-, plasma-, film composition. Experimental work performed at a base pressure 10−6 Torr, exclude plasma-gas interaction. The composition showed reduction Al...
Magnetic MAX phase (Cr0.5Mn0.5)2GaC thin films grown epitaxially on MgO(111) substrates were studied by ferromagnetic resonance at temperatures between 110 and 300 K. The spectroscopic splitting factor g = 2.00 ± 0.01 measured all indicates pure spin magnetism in the sample. At we find magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy to be negligible which is agreement with identified magnetism.
We report on a systematic study of the effect pulse length (ton=25−200μs), and peak target current density (JT,peak=0.25−2.0A/cm2) during HiPIMS deposition AlB2-phase TiBx thin films from TiB2 at pressure pAr=1.33Pa(10mTorr) substrate temperature Ts=500°C. All are under-stoichiometric with B/Ti = 1.36–1.89, higher values corresponding to longer pulses JT,peak values. While flux, including both ions neutrals, in general increases increasing ton JT,peak, Ti+ ion flux saturates, resulting under...
Prompted by the increased focus on MAX phase materials and their two-dimensional counterparts MXenes, a brief review of current state affairs in synthesis phases as epitaxial thin films is given. Current methods for are discussed suggestions given how to increase material quality even further well arrive at those conditions faster. Samples were prepared exemplify most common issues involved with synthesis, through suggested paths resolving these we attain samples beyond what has previously...
Abstract Ab‐initio calculations have been used to investigate the phase stability and magnetic state of Cr n+ 1 GaC n MAX phase. 2 ( = 1) was predicted be stable, with a ground corresponding an antiferromagnetic spin configuration. Thin‐film synthesis by magnetron sputtering from elemental targets, including liquid Ga, shows formation GaC, previously only attained bulk methods. The films were deposited at 650 °C on MgO(111) substrates. X‐ray diffraction high‐resolution transmission electron...
The phase stability of Mo n +1 GaC has been investigated using ab‐initio calculations. results indicate for the 2 only, with a formation enthalpy –0.4 meV per atom. Subsequent thin film synthesis was performed through magnetron sputtering from elemental targets onto Al O 3 [0001], 6H‐SiC [0001] and MgO [111] substrates within temperature range 500 °C 750 °C. High structural quality films were obtained on at 590 ºC. Evaluation transport properties showed superconducting behavior critical...
The magnetic properties of the new phase (Cr0.5Mn0.5)2AuC are compared to known MAX-phase (Cr0.5Mn0.5)2GaC, where former was synthesized by thermally induced substitution reaction Au for Ga in (Cr0.5Mn0.5)2GaC. introduced a lattice expansion ∼3% along c-axis, an enhancement coercive field from 30 mT 140 mT, and reduction Curie temperature saturation magnetization. Still, displays similar features field- temperature-dependent magnetization curves as previously reported MAX phases, e.g.,...
The first Fe-based MAX phase is realized by solid-state substitution reaction of an Fe/Au/Mo2GaC thin-film diffusion couple, as determined X-ray diffraction and scanning transmission electron microscopy. Chemical analysis together with elemental mapping reveals that much 50 at.% Fe on the A site can be obtained thermally induced Au for Ga atomic layers in Mo2GaC. One-sixth original also replaced atoms. When annealing Mo2GaC thin films covered only, remains intact, is, acts a catalyst...
We combine predictive ab initio calculations with experimental verification of bulk materials synthesis for exploration new and potentially magnetic atomically laminated i-MAX phases. Two such phases are discovered: (Cr2/3Sc1/3)2GaC (Mn2/3Sc1/3)2GaC synthesized by the solid state reaction from elemental constituents. The latter compound displays a 2-fold increase in Mn content compared to previously reported MAX Both compounds exhibit characteristic in-plane chemical order Cr(Mn) Sc,...
Intercalation of noble metals into non-van der Waals solids provides a new avenue to synthesize novel nanolaminated compounds with distinct material properties. Herein, we use solid-state reaction at 400 °C prepare Cr2AuC from two Cr-based Mn+1AXn phase precursors and demonstrate the formation upon full replacement Ga layers Au in Cr2GaC thin films via thermal substitution reaction. The resulting exhibits 2.7% lattice expansion relative original Cr2GaC, whereas Ge Cr2GeC film was sparsely...
This work reports on sputter depositions carried out from a compound (Ti,Zr)2AlC target, whereupon Al-containing (Ti,Zr)C thin films (30-40 nm in thickness) were deposited MgO(111) and Al2O3(0001) substrates at temperatures ranging between 500 900 {\deg}C. The presence of Al within the carbide structure was evidenced by lattice parameter variations. Furthermore, chemical analyses showed that distribution throughout film thickness fairly homogeneous. Thicker (80-90 nm) same target consisted...
Views Icon Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Search Site Citation Igor Zhirkov, Andrejs Petruhins, Lars-Ake Naslund, Szilard Kolozsvári, Peter Polcik, Johanna Rosen; Vacuum arc plasma generation thin film deposition from a TiB2 cathode. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2 November 2015; 107 (18): 184103. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4935152 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager...
An inherent property of cathodic arc is the generation macroparticles, a typical size ranging from submicrometer up to few tens μm. In this work, we have studied macroparticle Mo0.78Cu0.22 cathode used in dc vacuum discharge, and present evidence for super-size macroparticles 0.7 mm diameter. All analyzed particles are found be rich Mo (≥98 at. %). The particle by visual observation surface during arcing, analysis composition geometrical features surface, examination generated with respect...
CrBx thin films with 1.90 ≤ x 2.08 have been deposited by direct-current magnetron sputtering (DCMS) from a stoichiometric CrB2 target at 5 and 20 mTorr (0.67 2.67 Pa) Ar pressure onto sapphire (0001) substrates. All films, irrespective of deposition conditions, exhibit texture. Attesting to the achievement close-to-stoichiometric composition, epitaxial film growth is observed 900°C, while 500 °C yields fiber Film composition does not depend on substrate temperature but exhibits slightly...
Thermally induced intercalation of noble metals into non-van der Waals ceramic compounds presents a method to produce new class layered materials. We recently demonstrated an exchange reaction Au with A layers MAX phase carbides plentiful combinations and M elements. Here, we report the first substitution Al in Ti2AlN nitride at elevated temperature without destroying original structure. These results bolster generalization for elements phases diverse M, A, X Furthermore, propose crucial...
MAX phases are a class of intrinsically nanolaminated materials, which combine features metals and ceramics, owing to the alternating metallic covalent bonding between atomic layers. Magnetic have been known for decade, but ferromagnetism at room temperature in this highly anisotropic system has elusive, limiting their value as magnets practice. Here, we show that phase with strong ferromagnetic response is obtained by substituting Mn Cr on M-site well-known Mn2GaC. The observed...
The thickness dependence and long-term stability of the magnetic properties epitaxial (Cr0.5Mn0.5)2GaC MAX phase films on MgO (111) were investigated. For 12.5- to 156-nm-thick films, which corresponds 10–125 c-axis unit cells, samples found be pure with negligible lattice strain less than 10−4 nm even for thinnest films. No influence interface layers anisotropy, magnetization or para- ferromagnetic transition was observed. All remained stable more one year in ambient conditions.