A5091749009- Bone health and osteoporosis research
- Bone and Dental Protein Studies
- Bone Metabolism and Diseases
- Bone health and treatments
- Electron and X-Ray Spectroscopy Techniques
- Dental materials and restorations
- Bone Tissue Engineering Materials
- dental development and anomalies
- Osteoarthritis Treatment and Mechanisms
- Veterinary Equine Medical Research
- Orthopaedic implants and arthroplasty
- Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques
- Dental Implant Techniques and Outcomes
- Nuclear Physics and Applications
- Bone fractures and treatments
- Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging
- Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies
- Dental Trauma and Treatments
- X-ray Spectroscopy and Fluorescence Analysis
- Molecular Biology Techniques and Applications
- Evolution and Paleontology Studies
- Advanced Electron Microscopy Techniques and Applications
- Connective tissue disorders research
- Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
- Bone and Joint Diseases
Queen Mary University of London
2015-2024
ORCID
2021
University College London
2000-2016
Texas Tech University
2014-2016
Physical Sciences (United States)
2015
University of Mary Washington
2014
Pfizer (United Kingdom)
2013
University of Cambridge
1962-2013
Eastman Dental Hospital
2007-2009
Rehabilitation College Shimane
2008
In this study, we characterized the self-renewal capability, multi-lineage differentiation capacity, and clonogenic efficiency of human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). DPSCs were capable forming ectopic dentin associated tissue in vivo. Stromal-like reestablished culture from primary DPSC transplants re-transplanted into immunocompromised mice to generate a dentin-pulp-like tissue, demonstrating their capability. also found be differentiating adipocytes neural-like cells. The odontogenic...
Cathepsin K is a recently identified lysosomal cysteine proteinase. It abundant in osteoclasts, where it believed to play vital role the resorption and remodeling of bone. Pycnodysostosis rare inherited osteochondrodysplasia that caused by mutations cathepsin-K gene, characterized osteosclerosis, short stature, acroosteolysis distal phalanges. With view delineating cathepsin bone resorption, we generated mice with targeted disruption this Cathepsin-K-deficient survive are fertile, but...
The ability of marrow-derived osteoprogenitor cells to promote repair critical-size tibial gaps upon autologous transplantation on a hydroxyapatite ceramic (HAC) carrier was tested in sheep model. Conditions for vitro expansion bone marrow stromal (BMSC) were established and the osteogenic potential expanded validated. Ectopic implantation BMSC immunocompromised mice led extensive formation. When used sheep, cell-loaded implants (n = 2) conducted far more formation than did cell-free HAC...
Abstract Decorin (dcn) and biglycan (bgn), two members of the family small leucine-rich proteoglycans (SLRPs), are predominant expressed in skin bone, respectively. Targeted disruption dcn gene results laxity fragility, whereas bgn reduced skeletal growth bone mass leading to generalized osteopenia, particularly older animals. Here, we report that deficiency leads structural abnormality collagen fibrils dermis, tendon, a “subclinical” cutaneous phenotype with thinning dermis but without...
SUMMARY This paper surveys common problems associated with the preparation of animal tissues so that natural or artificial surfaces may be studied in scanning electron microscope (SEM). Problems arise because (1) we need to prepare free from extraneous solids solution (e.g. mucus, blood, tissue fluid); (2) simple sections generally do not reveal significant information other methods ‘opening up’ internal organization must developed; (3) remove preponderant component—water—without...
ABSTRACT Mature osteoclasts specifically express the purple, band 5 isozyme (Acp 5) of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, a binuclear metalloenzyme that can generate reactive oxygen species. The function Acp was investigated by targeted disruption gene in mice. Animals homozygous for null allele had progressive foreshortening and deformity long bones axial skeleton but apparently normal tooth eruption skull plate development, indicating rôle endochondral ossification. Histomorphometry...
The runt family transcription factor core-binding α1 (Cbfa1) is essential for bone formation during development. Surprisingly, transgenic mice overexpressing Cbfa1 under the control of 2.3-kb collagen type I promoter developed severe osteopenia that increased progressively with age and presented multiple fractures. Analysis skeletally mature showed osteoblast maturation was affected specifically in cortical bone, resorption as well increased, inducing high turnover rates a decreased degree...
Abstract We studied articular calcified cartilage (ACC) and the immediately subchondral bone (SCB) in normal osteoarthritic human femoral heads. Thick slices of reference post mortem (PM) (OA) heads (age 55–89 years) were embedded PMMA, micromilled, carbon coated using quantitative backscattered electron (qBSE) imaging to determine variations degree mineralization. With exact microanatomical location, nanoindentation was performed on same block faces representative superior (more highly...
Summary This study examined material from Thoroughbred horses, the majority of which had been in race training, for evidence pathology third metacarpal (McIII) and metatarsal (MtIII) bones might be related to occurrence distal condylar fractures. Whole bone samples were studied documented by macrophotography prior macroradiography computed tomographic (CT) imaging. Microradiographs made 100 μm thick mediolateral sections cut perpendicular dorsal palmar/plantar articular surfaces regions...
Shipman and Rose (1983) have recently attracted attention to the fact that determination of directionality cutmarks could possibly provide additional evidence for interpretation early hominid butchering practices handedness. They found no criteria directionality, however. We previously recognized in cut dental tissues more bone, so we undertook a study over 200 experimentally produced on bovine bone by scanning electron microscopy. Three were observed: smears, oblique faulting, chipping. In...
Mammalian enamel formation is periodic, including fluctuations attributable to the daily biological clock as well longer-period oscillations that enigmatically correlate with body mass. Because scaling of bone mass an axiom vertebrate hard tissue biology, we consider long-period rhythms may reflect corresponding and heretofore unrecognized in growth. The principal aim this study seek a rhythm growth demonstrably related oscillatory development. Our analytical approach based morphology, using...
Thyrotoxicosis is an important but under recognized cause of osteoporosis. Recently, TSH deficiency, rather than thyroid hormone excess, has been suggested as the underlying cause. To investigate molecular mechanism osteoporosis in disease, we characterized skeleton mice lacking either receptor alpha or beta (TRalpha(0/0), TRbeta-/-). Remarkably, presence normal circulating and concentrations, adult TRalpha(0/0) had osteosclerosis accompanied by reduced osteoclastic bone resorption, whereas...
The tandem scanning reflected light microscope has the property of being able to obtain information from 'inside' solid objects by taking a thin optical section at focal plane objective lens. This can be focused up and down through specimen. We describe an unbiased 3-D counting rule for TSRLM, which is applied estimation osteocyte lacunar density in whole bone. shown extremely efficient way making such estimate. Further possibilities application field stereology are discussed.
Hypothyroidism and thyrotoxicosis are each associated with an increased risk of fracture. Although thyroxine (T4) is the predominant circulating thyroid hormone, target cell responses determined by local intracellular availability active hormone 3,5,3′-L-triiodothyronine (T3), which generated from T4 type 2 deiodinase enzyme (D2). To investigate role locally produced T3 in bone, we characterized mice deficient D2 (D2KO) serum level normal. Bones adult D2KO have reduced toughness brittle,...
SUMMARY This paper is concerned with methods for obtaining three‐dimensional (3D) information from scanning electron microscope (SEM) images. It may come as a surprise that this topic merits separate discussion, because, it generally accepted every SEM image of rough surface using the secondary emission mode gives apparent 3D information. true to some extent, since images are comparable photographs surfaces illuminated light coming one direction, but our main concern here will be...