The aim of this study was to assess the utility inexpensive techniques in evaluating interactions risperidone (Ris) with different traditional π-acceptors, subsequent application findings into a Ris pharmaceutical formulation improved therapeutic properties. Molecular docking calculations were performed using and its charge-transfer complexes (CT) picric acid (PA), 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyanop-benzoquinon (DDQ), tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ), tetracyano ethylene (TCNE), tetrabromo-pquinon...

Haloperidol (HPL) is a typical antipsychotic drug used to treat acute psychotic conditions, delirium, and schizophrenia. Solid charge transfer (CT) products of HPL with 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) picric acid (PA) have not been reported till date. Therefore, we conducted this study investigate the donor-acceptor CT interactions between (donor) TCNQ PA (π-acceptors) in liquid solid states. The complete spectroscopic analytical analyses deduced that stoichiometry these synthesized...

The charge transfer interactions between the seproxetine (SRX) donor and π-electron acceptors [picric acid (PA), dinitrobenzene (DNB), p-nitrobenzoic (p-NBA), 2,6-dichloroquinone-4-chloroimide (DCQ), 2,6-dibromoquinone-4-chloroimide (DBQ), 7,7',8,8'-tetracyanoquinodi methane (TCNQ)] were studied in a liquid medium, solid form was isolated characterized. spectrophotometric analysis confirmed that charge-transfer electrons of 1:1 (SRX: π-acceptor). To study comparative SRX other acceptors,...

The increase in the number of cases type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and complications associated with side effects chemical/synthetic drugs have raised concerns about safety drugs. Hence, there is an urgent need to explore identify natural bioactive compounds as alternative Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) functions a negative regulator therefore considered one key protein targets modulating insulin signaling resistance. This article deals screening database polyphenols against PTP1B...

The drug barbital (Bar) has a strong sedative–hypnotic effect. intermolecular charge transfer compounds associated with the chemical reactions between Bar and some π acceptors, such as 2,6-dibromoquinone-4-chloroimide (DBQ), tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ), chloranil (CHL), chloranilic acid (CLA), have been synthesized isolated in solid state. products molecular formulas (Bar–DBQ), (Bar–TCNQ), (Bar–CHL), (Bar–CLA) 1:1 stoichiometry based on Raman, IR, TG, 1H NMR, XRD, SEM, UV-visible...

Methamphetamine, a highly addictive central nervous system (CNS) stimulant, is used worldwide as an anorexiant and attention enhancer. Methamphetamine use during pregnancy, even at therapeutic doses, may harm fetal development. Here, we examined whether exposure to methamphetamine affects the morphogenesis diversity of ventral midbrain dopaminergic neurons (VMDNs). The effects on morphogenesis, viability, release mediator chemicals (such ATP), expression genes involved in neurogenesis were...

Similar to leptin, resistin acts centrally increase renal sympathetic nerve activity ( RSNA ). In high‐fat fed animals, the sympatho‐excitatory effects of leptin are retained, in contrast reduced actions on dietary intake. present study, we investigated whether were influenced by a diet. Further, because and combined can induce greater response than each alone rats normal chow diet, diet (22%) could influence this centrally‐mediated interaction. Mean arterial pressure MAP) , heart rate HR)...

What is the central question of this study? Leptin and resistin act centrally to increase renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA). We investigated whether a combination leptin could induce greater response than either alone. also used Fos protein quantify number activated neurons in brain. main finding its importance? A induced RSNA hormone This was correlated with arcuate nucleus Mean arterial pressure, heart rate were recorded before for 3 h after intracerebroventricular saline (control; n...

There is considerable interest in the central actions of insulin and leptin. Both induce sympatho-excitation. This study (i) investigated whether centrally administered leptin together elicits greater increases renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA), mean arterial pressure (MAP) heart rate (HR) than when given alone, (ii) quantified number activated neurons brain regions influencing SNA, to identify potential sites interaction. In anesthetised (urethane 1.4-1.6 g/kg iv) male Sprague-Dawley...

Abstract Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) can be used to derive different neural subtypes. Current differentiation protocols generate heterogeneous subtypes rather than a specific neuronal population. Here, we present protocol separate two-deep layer cortical neurons from mouse ESCs (mESCs). mESCs were differentiated into mature Tbr1 or Ctip2-positive using monolayer-based culture for induction and neurosphere-based proliferation expansion. The relies on SMAD inhibition the use of FGF2 EGF it is...

Pregabalin is widely used as a treatment for multiple neurological disorders; however, it has been reported to have the potential misuse. Due lack of safety studies in pregnancy, pregabalin considered last option various diseases, such neuropathic pain. Therefore, abuse pregnant women, even at therapeutic doses, may impair fetal development. We primary mouse embryonic neurons investigate whether exposure can morphogenesis and differentiation ventral midbrain neurons. This study focused on...

Background: Gabapentin is widely prescribed as an off-label drug for the treatment of various diseases, including and alcohol addiction. Approximately 83-95% usage gabapentin off-label, accounting more than 90% its sales in market, which indicates alarming situation abuse. Such misuse has serious negative consequences. The safety use pregnant women always been a issue, can cross placental barriers. impact on brain development fetus not sufficiently investigated, poses difficulties clinical...

Resistin and leptin are adipokines which act in the brain to regulate metabolic cardiovascular functions some instances similar, suggesting activation of common pathways. High-fat feeding can reduce number activated neurons observed following central administration animals, but effects on resistin unknown. The present work compared distribution that by centrally administered resistin, or alone, and, combination, rats fed a high fat (HFD) normal chow diet (ND). Immunohistochemistry for...

The inhibition/degradation potential of Carissa carandas proteinaceous leaf extract against mixed bacterial biofilm Staphylococcus aureus MTCC 96, Escherichia coli 1304, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 741, and Klebsiella pneumoniae 109, responsible for nosocomial infections, was evaluated. Distinct by the C. observed under a microscope, it found to be 80%. For mono-species biofilm, maximum degradation 70% S. biofilm. efficiency aqueous plant extracts inhibit in terms minimum inhibitory concentration...

Monitoring the distribution and resistance of antibiotics to enterococcal species is critical aspect controlling preventing infection.The aim present study screen antimicrobial genes within Enterococcus isolates that collected from Taif governorate, Saudi Arabia.Out 134 clinical samples, nineteen were identified using 16S rRNA sequence gene.Phylogenetic tree analysis gene 19 strains divided them into 15 as E. faecalis 4 faecium.In addition, these recognized VITEK-2 COMPACT system.The PCR...

Pregabalin is a widely prescribed drug for various neurological disorders, yet its effects on embryonic cortical neuron development when given to pregnant women remain inadequately explored. In this study, we employed advanced three-dimensional (3D) culturing and in-house developed high-throughput robotic 3D bioprinting technologies evaluate their potential in neuropharmacology applications, using pregabalin as model compound. Using bioprinter tetrameric IIZK peptide hydrogel bioink, created...

This study aimed to perform surveillance and identify antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in the most common pathogenic bacteria a healthcare facility Rabigh City, Saudi Arabia.

The effects of second-generation antipsychotics on prenatal neurodevelopment, apoptotic neurodegeneration, and postnatal developmental delays have been poorly investigated. Even at standard doses, the use quetiapine fumarate (QEPF) in pregnant women might be detrimental to fetal development. We used primary mouse embryonic neurons evaluate disruption morphogenesis differentiation ventral midbrain (VM) after exposure QEPF. dopaminergic VM were deliberately targeted due their roles cognition,...

This was a cross-sectional study exploring the role of alternative medicine in treatment psychological illnesses among people Saudi Arabia. The participants this were 392 from various parts Arabia who fit variety demographic criteria. questionnaire created with help existing literature and subject experts to suit study’s objectives. Randomly selected self-administered validated pretested questionnaire. analysis indicated that vast majority surveyors employed (73%) university graduates (70%),...

Poor mood, lack of pleasure, reduced focus, remorse, unpleasant thoughts, and sleep difficulties are all symptoms depression. The only approved treatment for children adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD) is fluoxetine hydrochloride (FXN), a serotonin selective reuptake inhibitor antidepressant. MDD the most common cause disability worldwide. In present research, picric acid (PA); dinitrobenzene; p-nitro benzoic acid; 2,6-dichloroquinone-4-chloroimide;...

Background Leptin is a well known hormone released from fat tissue and acts centrally to influence metabolic cardiovascular functions. It increases renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) could be an important contributor the abnormally elevated RSNA observed in obesity or overweight conditions. Resistin also elicit effects on similar those of leptin. The question arises as whether resistin can enhance leptin's actions RSNA. Although brain nuclei activated by leptin are known, there has not...

We previously showed specific microglial activation within cardiovascular control centers, in the brains of streptozotocin (STZ) diabetic rats. Microglial PVN STZ rats was not evident until 6 th week after treatment, and preceded by neuronal associated with chronic dehydration electrolyte imbalance (1). Furthermore, giving 1% saline to drink induction diabetes increased blood pressure (BP) (2). Therefore, we sought investigate complex relationships among activation, development complications...

Insulin receptors are widely distributed in the central nervous system and their activation by insulin elicits renal sympatho-excitatory effects. Resistin, an adipokine, promotes resistance to metabolic effects of insulin. Resistin also induces increases sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) acting brain, but whether it can influence insulin's actions on RSNA is unknown. In present study we investigated, male Sprague-Dawley rats (7-8 weeks age), administration combined with resistin following a...

Abstract: Background and Objectives: Steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) is a serious chronic ailment that affects children causes blood coagulation issues as well an increased vulnerability to infections. Only around 10% of inherited genetic cases are responding steroid therapy, and, accordingly, 90% SRNS patients have multidrug resistance. This study was done detect novel candidate mutations factor for causing in using the sequencing technique. Materials Methods: included nine...