A5028453121- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Hepatitis C virus research
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Biosimilars and Bioanalytical Methods
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Biosensors and Analytical Detection
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Blood groups and transfusion
- T-cell and Retrovirus Studies
- RNA modifications and cancer
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Research
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Reproductive tract infections research
- Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
- Carbohydrate Chemistry and Synthesis
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Virology and Viral Diseases
Abbott Fund
2014-2024
Abbott (United States)
2008-2024
Abbott (Germany)
2020
University of Miami
2009
Mount Sinai Hospital
2009
American Red Cross
2008
ABSTRACT We report the second human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) belonging to new HIV type 1 (HIV-1) group P lineage that is closely related simian found in gorillas. This was identified an HIV-seropositive male hospital patient Cameroon, confirming circulating humans. Results from screening 1,736 specimens collected Cameroon indicate HIV-1 infections are rare, accounting for only 0.06% of infections. Despite its rarity, shows evidence adaptation
Treatment of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients with nucleos(t)ide analogs (NAs) suppresses virus (HBV) DNA synthesis but does not affect HBV pregenomic RNA (pgRNA). Hepatitis pgRNA is detectable in the serum during NA treatment and has been proposed as a marker covalently closed circular activity within infected hepatocyte. We developed an automated assay for quantification using dual‐target real‐time quantitative PCR approach on Abbott m 2000 sp/rt system. demonstrate accurate detection...
Finite therapy of HBV/HDV co-infection with REP 2139-Ca and pegIFN has good long term safety is accompanied by high rates functional cure HDV, normalization liver function additional HBV. HBV inactivation / clearance cccDNA integrated DNA. The nucleic acid polymer 2139 inhibits assembly/secretion hepatitis B virus (HBV) subviral particles. Previously, pegylated interferon (pegIFN) in HBV/hepatitis delta (HDV) coinfection achieved HDV RNA surface antigen (HBsAg) loss/seroconversion the 301...
The HIV epidemic in Cameroon is characterized by a high level of strain diversity despite relatively low prevalence infection. In this study, strains infecting blood donors were to determine the subtypes and intersubtype recombinants if was changing over time.From 1996 through 2004, 676 HIV-infected donations collected at banks Douala Yaoundé, Cameroon. A subset HIV-1 group M (n = 574) classified based on phylogenetic analysis viral sequences from gag p24, pol integrase, env gp41...
ABSTRACT The genetic diversity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) has significant implications for diagnosis, vaccine development, and clinical management patients. Although HIV-1 subtype B is predominant in the United States, factors such as global travel, immigration, military deployment have potential to increase proportion non-subtype infections. Limited data are available on prevalence distribution non-B strains States. We sought retrospectively examine prevalence,...
Surveillance of emerging viral variants is critical to ensuring that blood screening and diagnostic tests detect all infections regardless strain or geographic location. In this study, we conducted serological molecular surveillance monitor the prevalence diversity HIV, HBV, HTLV in South Cameroon. The HIV was 8.53%, HBV 10.45%, 1.04% amongst study participants. Molecular characterization 555 HIV-1 specimens identified incredible diversity, including 7 subtypes, 12 CRFs, 6 unclassified, 24...
The concurrent seropositivity of HBsAg and anti-HBs has been described among patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), but its prevalence is variable. HBV S-gene mutations can affect the antigenicity HBsAg. Patients in ‘α’ determinant region S gene develop severe reactivation under immunosuppression. In this study at a tertiary liver center United States, we evaluated frequency virological characteristics CHB presence both anti-HBs. cohort, 45 (2.1%) 2178 were identified to have coexistence...
Summary Background Biomarkers such as quantitative HBsAg (qHBsAg), hepatitis B virus (HBV) core‐related antigen (qHBcrAg) and HBV RNA may be useful in predicting loss patients with chronic (CHB) undergoing antiviral therapy. Aim(s) Our study evaluated qHBsAg, qHBcrAg a posthoc analysis of randomized clinical trial peginterferon±NA to determine their utility loss. Methods CHB who completed therapy 48weeks peginterferon alpha2b ± nucleoside analogue (clinicaltrial.gov NCT01928511) were at week...
Gaps remain in the detection of nucleic acid test (NAT) yield and occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (OBI) by current HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) assays. The lack may be due to HBsAg levels below assay limits, mutations affecting assays or levels, masking antibody (anti-HBs). In this study, we evaluate incremental NAT OBI from five diverse geographic areas an improved sensitivity characterize samples relative viral load, anti-HBs status, PreS1-S2-S mutations. Included is a comparison...
Nucleic acid polymers block the assembly of hepatitis B virus (HBV) subviral particles, effectively preventing surface antigen (HBsAg) replenishment in circulation. polymer (NAP)-based combination therapy HBV infection or HBV/hepatitis D (HDV) co-infection is accompanied by HBsAg clearance and seroconversion, HDV-RNA co-infection, persistent functional cure (HBsAg < 0.05 IU/ml, HBV-DNA target not dected, normal alanine aminotransferase) HDV RNA. An analysis isoform changes during...
In the Brazilian HIV-1 epidemic subtypes B, C, and F1 are cocirculating in high risk population groups, there is a prevalence of intersubtype recombinant forms. The dynamic nature HIV Brazil led us to study present HIV-infected blood donations collected from 2001 2003. Donations 91 seropositive donors were evaluated. Genetic subtype was obtained for 88 specimens based on sequence analysis gag p24, pol IN, env gp41 IDR. B predominant strain donor (73.9%). A significant recombinants found...
Efficient viral load testing is needed for hepatitis C (HCV) surveillance and diagnosis. HCV using dried blood spots (DBSs), made with a single drop of finger-prick whole on filter paper, promising alternative to traditional serum- or plasma-based approaches. We adapted the Abbott Molecular m2000 instrument high-throughput viremia DBSs simple specimen processing applied these methods estimate national burden infection in Democratic Republic Congo (DRC). tested collected during 2013–2014 DRC...
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is endemic throughout Africa, but its prevalence in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) incompletely understood. We used dried blood spot (DBS) samples from 2013 to 2014 Demographic and Health Survey DRC measure HBV using Abbott ARCHITECT surface antigen (HBsAg) qualitative assay. then attempted sequence genotype HBsAg-positive samples. The weighted national was 3.3% (95% CI: 1.8-4.7%), with a 2.2% 0.3-4.1%) among children. cases occurred countrywide across age...
Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is the primary marker for diagnosis of acute and chronic hepatitis B. Although HBsAg assays have undergone continuous improvement, gaps remain in detection early late infection occult (OBI).The performance a prototype, improved sensitivity assay run on ARCHITECT Alinity instruments was evaluated OBI.Seventy seven samples [positive only viral DNA (HBV DNA)], twelve seroconversion panels spanning infection, 101 (HBsAg negative, positive HBV anti-HBc) were...
The high level of HIV genetic diversity has important implications for screening, diagnostic testing and patient monitoring. Continued diversification global redistribution groups, subtypes recombinants make it imperative that serological molecular assays be designed evaluated to ensure reliable performance on all infections. Recognizing the importance this issue, we initiated a comprehensive program monitor HIV, search newly emerging variants, assemble large-volume panels genetically...
BACKGROUND: In this study, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV‐1)‐infected blood donors were evaluated for genetic subtype and drug resistance to determine the prevalence of divergent HIV strains in US donor population. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Subtype was determined by phylogenetic analysis viral sequences amplified reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction. The profile protease transcriptase (RT) genes using an HIV‐1 genotyping system (ViroSeq). RESULTS: From 1999 through 2005,...
A prototype assay was used to genotype integrase (IN) from 120 HIV-1- infected IN inhibitor-naive adults Argentina, Brazil, Cameroon, South Africa, Thailand, and Uganda. Subtype designations based on analysis of pol sequences were (14), B (15), C (12), D (11), F G (7), H (1), CRF01_AE (9), CRF02_AG (34), CRF22_01A1 (4), CRF37_cpx (1). Ten (8.3%) samples had mutations associated with reduced susceptibility the inhibitors, raltegravir elvitegravir. Two E92Q (both subtype B) eight E157Q (2A,...
Therapy with nucleic acid polymers (NAPs), tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), and pegylated interferon (pegIFN) achieve high rates of HBsAg loss/seroconversion functional cure in chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. The role surface antigen (HBsAg) seroconversion inactivation covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) establishing were examined. Archived serum from the REP 401 study was analyzed using Abbott ARCHITECT NEXT assay (Chicago, IL), research use–only assays for immune...
The prevalence of chronic Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection is 2-4% in the Pakistani population, defining Pakistan as an intermediate country. In this study, hepatitis surface antigen (HBsAg) reactive blood donations were screened using a combination serological and molecular methods to identify immune escape HBV mutant strains determine genotypes subtypes present Pakistan.Blood collected at Armed Forces Institute Transfusion (AFIT) located northern Hussaini Blood Bank (HBB) south. From 2009...
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) seroconversion among HCV-uninfected transplant recipients from HCV-infected (NAT+/Antibody+) or HCV-exposed (NAT-/Antibody+) donors has been reported. However, the origin of anti-HCV antibody and implications remain unknown. We longitudinally tested plasma kidney (n = 31) heart 9) an HCV NAT+ organ for (both IgG IgM isotypes). Almost half all participants had detectable at any point during follow-up. The majority antibody-positive individuals became positive within...
Summary The prevalence of chronic hepatitis C virus ( HCV ) and the presence human pegivirus 2 HP gV‐2) have not been examined in Cameroon, although has associated with gV‐2 infections previously. Herein we aimed to characterize burden genetic diversity Cameroon. Retrospective plasma specimens collected from N = 12 369 consenting subjects South Cameroon 2013 2016 were included study. majority (97.1%) participants patients seeking health care. All screened for using Abbott RealTi m e viral...
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) serum markers during typical acute self-limited infection are usually depicted as a composite of traditional HBV markers. The current study updates and expands our knowledge hepatitis with quantitative molecular serological data on longitudinal samples from five plasmapheresis donors HBV.