A5029911106- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Hepatitis C virus research
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
- Liver Disease and Transplantation
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Research
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Genetic and Kidney Cyst Diseases
- Liver Diseases and Immunity
- Liver physiology and pathology
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- interferon and immune responses
- Cystic Fibrosis Research Advances
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treatment and Prognosis
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Cancer Genomics and Diagnostics
- Pancreatitis Pathology and Treatment
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Celiac Disease Research and Management
- Travel-related health issues
- Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
- Cytokine Signaling Pathways and Interactions
- Organ Transplantation Techniques and Outcomes
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
2016-2025
Harvard University
2016-2025
Hadassah Medical Center
2015-2024
Research Network (United States)
2021-2023
Hepatitis B Foundation
2023
University of Toronto
2021
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
2021
University of Southern California
2021
Toronto Liver Centre
2021
Emory University
2019-2020
Viral signaling through retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I) and its adaptor protein, IFN promoter-stimulator 1 (IPS-1), activates regulatory factor-3 (IRF-3) the host IFN-alpha/beta response that limits virus infection. The hepatitis C (HCV) NS3/4A protease cleaves IPS-1 to block RIG-I signaling, but how this regulation controls HCV is not known. Moreover, endogenous cleavage has been demonstrated in context of infection vitro or vivo. Here, we show transiently induces RIG-I-...
Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a leading cause of liver disease. Liver inflammation underlies infection-induced fibrosis, cirrhosis and cancer but the processes that promote hepatic by HCV are not defined. We provide systems biology analysis with multiple lines evidence to indicate interleukin-1β (IL-1β) production intrahepatic macrophages confers through HCV-induced inflammasome signaling. patients exhibited elevated levels serum IL-1β compared healthy controls....
Lamivudine therapy induces improvements in chronic hepatitis B a high proportion of patients, but prolonged is limited by the development viral resistance. We analyzed clinical responses and virologic resistance 27 patients treated continuously with lamivudine for 2 to 4 years. Serum transaminases, virus (HBV) DNA both branched (bDNA) signal amplification quantitative polymerase chain reaction were monitored at 4- 8-week intervals. Virologic was confirmed presence mutations YMDD motif gene...
Clearance of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) during acute is associated with a strong, polyclonal, multispecific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response to viral envelope, nucleocapsid and polymerase proteins that persists for decades after clinical recovery. In contrast, chronically infected patients usually fail mount strong CTL this virus. study we demonstrate who experience spontaneous or interferon-induced remission develop HBV similar in strength specificity have recovered from hepatitis....
Sustained responses to interferon-α occur in 10% 25% of patients with chronic hepatitis C, but the long-term outcome is not well defined. We evaluated clinical, histological, and virological outcomes 10 C who were treated between 1984 1987 interferon-α-2b for 52 ± 6 weeks (total doses 492 116 MU). Before therapy, all had virus (HCV) RNA, elevations serum aminotransferases, fibrosis on liver biopsy. Clinical follow up was 13 years, biopsies done 5 11 years after initiation therapy. HCV RNA...
Abstract Interferon (IFN) α inhibits hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication both clinically and in vitro ; however, the complete spectrum of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) expressed HCV-infected liver or responsible for control HCV have not been defined. To better define ISG expression chronically infected liver, DNA microarray analysis was performed on 9 individuals with chronic (CHC). A total 232 messenger RNAs were differentially regulated CHC compared nondiseased controls. significant...
Type 1 interferon (IFN) continues to be the foundation for current standard of care combination therapy chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, yet component interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) that mediate antiviral actions IFN are not fully defined. Interferon-induced transmembrane protein (IFITM1) is an ISG product suppresses early stage infection by a number viruses through unknown mechanism action. Moreover, IFITM1 on HCV elucidated. Here we identify as hepatocyte tight junction and...
Chronic delta hepatitis is a severe form of chronic liver disease caused by virus (HDV) infection superimposed on B or the surface antigen (HBsAg) carrier state. Therapy currently unsatisfactory. We have evaluated lamivudine (3-thiacytidine), an oral nucleoside analogue with marked effects against B, as therapy in 5 patients D. Five men, ages 38 to 65 years, were treated. All had HBsAg, antibody HDV, and HDV RNA serum, well persistent elevations alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels...
Goals To evaluate the aspartate aminotransferase/platelet ratio index (APRI) as a predictor of presence or absence significant fibrosis on liver biopsy patients with chronic hepatitis C (HCV). Background The decision to treat HCV is often made basis biopsy. Because expensive and invasive noninvasive marker hepatic would be useful. APRI an easy calculate that one several markers have been proposed. Study We retrospectively reviewed charts 339 who had biopsies from January 2000 March 2003....
Interferon regulatory factor-3 (IRF-3) activation directs α/β interferon production and interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) expression, which limits virus infection. Here, we examined the distribution of hepatitis C (HCV) nonstructural 3 protein, status IRF-3 activation, expression target genes ISGs during asynchronous HCV infection in vitro liver biopsies from patients with chronic infection, using confocal microscopy functional genomics approaches. In general, stimulated a low-frequency...
Next-generation sequencing (NGS) allows for sampling numerous viral variants from infected patients. This provides a novel opportunity to represent and study the mutational landscape of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) within single host.Intra-host HCV E1/E2 region were extensively sampled 58 chronically After NGS error correction, average number reads obtained each sample 3202 464, respectively. The distance between pair was calculated networks created patient, where node is variant two nodes are...
Alterations in the immune system during pregnancy have been associated with reactivation of hepatitis B virus (HBV) chronic (CHB) women. However, effects on CHB remain not well understood. The goal this study was to examine flares HBV DNA and serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) postpartum women untreated prior pregnancy.This a multicenter retrospective 113 pregnancies 101 who presented at two community gastroenterology clinics tertiary medical centers United States 1997-2015. Outcomes...
The clinical utility of two biomarkers, hepatitis B virus (HBV) RNA and core-related antigen (HBcrAg), as compared to conventional markers HBV replication disease activity, is unclear.Untreated participants in the North American Hepatitis Research Network Adult Cohort Study were categorized by chronic (CHB) phases based on HBsAg HBeAg status DNA alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels. HBcrAg measured (Abbott pgRNA Assay Fujirebio Lumipulse Immunoassay, respectively), cross-sectional...