A5047540578- Hepatitis C virus research
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Trace Elements in Health
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Liver Disease and Transplantation
- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Advanced Biosensing Techniques and Applications
- Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics
- Folate and B Vitamins Research
- Reproductive System and Pregnancy
- Cell Image Analysis Techniques
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Abdominal vascular conditions and treatments
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
- Immune cells in cancer
- Renal Transplantation Outcomes and Treatments
- Cytokine Signaling Pathways and Interactions
California Pacific Medical Center
2010-2023
University of California, San Francisco
2001-2023
Hepatitis B Foundation
2023
Research Network (United States)
2023
Blood Systems Research Institute
2010
Vitalant
2010
San Francisco VA Medical Center
2001
Stanford University
1998-2001
Portland VA Medical Center
1996
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, clearance, and reinfection are best studied in injection drug users (IDUs), who have the highest incidence of HCV likely to represent most infections.A prospective cohort HCV-negative young IDUs was followed up from January 2000 September 2007, identify acute incident prospectively study infection outcomes.Among 1,191 screened, 731 (61.4%) were negative, 520 (71.1%) enrolled into follow-up. Cumulative 26.7/100 person-years observation (95% confidence...
Significance This study describes a mechanism of immune escape in which glioblastoma cells produce soluble protein, lactate dehydrogenase 5 (LDH5), that induces the expression Natural killer group 2, member D (NKG2D) ligands on surface healthy myeloid cells. Expression NKG2D by causes down-modulation activating receptor natural cells, thereby preventing their recognition ligand-bearing tumors and impairing ability to attack eliminate tumors. The discovery monocytes patients with several...
HBV is a noncytopathic hepadnavirus and major human pathogen that causes immune-mediated acute chronic hepatitis. The immune response to antigens age dependent: viral clearance occurs in most adults, while neonates children usually develop infection liver disease. Here, we characterize an animal model for recapitulates the key differences between early life adulthood find IL-21 may be part of effective primary hepatic HBV. In our model, adult mice showed higher HBV-dependent production...
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major human pathogen that causes immune-mediated hepatitis. Successful immunity to HBV age dependent: viral clearance occurs in most adults, whereas neonates and young children usually develop chronic infection. Using mouse model of infection, we sought mechanisms underpinning the age-dependent outcome demonstrated hepatic macrophages facilitate lymphoid organization immune priming within adult liver promote successful immunity. In contrast, was greatly...
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) remains a global public health challenge with an estimated 71 million people chronically infected, surges in new cases and no effective vaccine. New methods are needed to study the human immune response HCV since vivo animal models limited vitro cancer cell often show dysregulated proliferative responses. Here, we developed CD8 + T adult stem liver organoid system using microfluidic chip coculture 3D organoids embedded extracellular matrix HLA-matched primary cells...
Interferon alfa (IFN–α) is an approved therapeutic agent for chronic hepatitis C. To directly characterize the effects of IFN–α in humans, we used microarrays to profile gene expression peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from C patients treated with IFN–α. Seven were studied using two strategies: (1) vivo : PBMCs collected immediately before first dose IFN–α, and 3 6 hours after dose; (2) ex that incubated hours. The microarray datasets analyzed significance analysis (SAM) identify...
Monotherapy with interferon or nucleoside analog is generally not recommended during the immune‐tolerant (IT) phase of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Recognition that high HBV DNA levels are associated hepatocellular carcinoma has increased interest in treating IT phase. Small pediatric studies reported efficacy combination and therapy. The aim this study was to evaluate safety entecavir peginterferon adults Hepatitis e antigen (HBeAg)–positive > 10 7 IU/mL alanine...
Wilson disease (WD) is an autosomal recessive caused by mutations in ATP7B encoding a copper transporter. Consequent accumulation results variable WD clinical phenotype involving hepatic, neurologic, and psychiatric symptoms, without clear genotype-phenotype correlations. The goal of this study was to analyze alterations DNA methylation at the whole-genome level liver blood from patients with investigate epigenomic associated diagnosis phenotype. We used bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) examine...
Disparities in treatment initiation may affect outcomes, but data on racially diverse populations with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection are limited.To examine whether HBV and outcomes differ among racial groups.From January 14, 2011, to 28, 2018, surface antigen-positive adults (age ≥18 years) not receiving anti-HBV therapy were enrolled followed up at weeks 12, 24, every 24 thereafter a multicenter longitudinal cohort study (Hepatitis Research Network [HBRN] adult study) conducted...
Effective immunity and therapeutic targets are identified with a model of hepatitis B virus clearance persistence.
Achieving HBsAg loss is an important landmark in the natural history of chronic hepatitis B (CHB). A more personalized approach to prediction relevant counseling patients. This study sought develop and validate a model for based on quantitative levels (qHBsAg) other baseline characteristics.The Hepatitis Research Network (HBRN) prospective cohort including 1240 untreated HBeAg-negative patients (1150 adults, 90 children) with median follow-up 5.5 years. Incidence rates surface antibody...
INTRODUCTION: Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss is associated with improved long-term outcomes of patients chronic hepatitis but infrequently achieved current monotherapies. We assessed whether combination strategies that included treatment withdrawal enhanced HBsAg loss. METHODS: A randomized (1:1) trial tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) for 192 weeks or without peginterferon (PegIFN) alfa-2a the first 24 weeks, followed by TDF at week 48 off-treatment follow-up to 240. The primary...
Patients with hepatitis B early antigen (HBeAg)-negative chronic (CHB) and low-level viremia are a heterogeneous group. Identifying those at risk of developing active CHB requiring antiviral therapy is important. In this study, we prospectively characterize incidence rates predictors transitioning from inactive to in North American adult cohort.Participants the multicenter National Institute Diabetes Digestive Kidney Diseases Hepatitis Research Network cohort who were HBeAg negative baseline...
The hepatitis C virus (HCV) causes liver disease, affecting millions. Even though we have effective antivirals that cure HCV, they cannot stop terminal disease. We used an adult stem cell-derived organoid system to understand how HCV infection leads the progression of Here, show maintains low-grade infections in organoids for first time. transcriptional reprogramming causing cancer cell development and altered immune response. Our finding shows mimics patient pathogenesis. These results...
Wilson disease (WD) is caused by mutations in the copper transporter ATP7B, leading to accumulation liver and brain. Excess inhibits S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase, variable WD phenotypes from widespread alterations DNA methylation gene expression. Previously, we demonstrated that maternal choline supplementation Jackson toxic milk (tx-j) mouse model of corrected higher thioredoxin 1 (TNX1) transcript levels fetal liver. Here, investigated effect on genome-wide patterns tx-j...
Hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) is an important serological marker of hepatitis virus (HBV) infection and associated with higher levels viraemia, increased risk infectivity to others hepatocellular carcinoma. We analysed HBeAg status in a large cohort adults children enrolled Cohort Studies the Research Network, long-term natural history studies chronic HBV infection. A cross-sectional analysis examined factors positivity, including demographic virologic data, across age spectrum. Among 2241...