A5009933004- Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
- Fungal Infections and Studies
- Nail Diseases and Treatments
- Gut microbiota and health
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Actinomycetales infections and treatment
- Pleural and Pulmonary Diseases
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Infectious Diseases and Mycology
- Histiocytic Disorders and Treatments
- Ocular Infections and Treatments
- Cystic Fibrosis Research Advances
- Infection Control and Ventilation
- Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Infection Control in Healthcare
- Diet and metabolism studies
- T-cell and Retrovirus Studies
- Allergic Rhinitis and Sensitization
- Medical and Biological Ozone Research
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- Bacillus and Francisella bacterial research
- Vitamin D Research Studies
- Phytoplasmas and Hemiptera pathogens
University of California, Davis
2013-2025
University of California Davis Medical Center
2017-2025
UC Davis Health System
2025
Nationwide Children's Hospital
2024
Office of Infectious Diseases
2024
Museum of Heilongjiang Province
2021
Antibiotic treatment promotes the outgrowth of intestinal Candida albicans, but mechanisms driving this fungal bloom remain incompletely understood. We identify oxygen as a resource required for post-antibiotic C. albicans expansion. depleted simple sugars in ceca gnotobiotic mice to grow on these resources vitro, pointing anaerobiosis potential factor limiting growth gut. Clostridia species limit availability large intestine by producing butyrate, which activates peroxisome...
Infusion reactions (tachycardia, hypertension, fever, etc.) associated with liposomal amphotericin B are common. Animal models have found complement activation responsible, yet the pathophysiology has not been evaluated in human patients. We performed a prospective observational study and activation-related pseudoallergy (CARPA) responsible those infusion reactions.
Abstract Objectives Isavuconazole is efficacious in the treatment of aspergillosis, mucormycosis, and other invasive fungal infections. Therapeutic drug monitoring generally not assessed during with isavuconazole due to its high oral bioavailability, modest drug–drug interactions, linear pharmacokinetics. This study aimed determine whether an exposure–toxicity relationship exists for those experiencing potential adverse events. Methods retrospective analysed adult outpatients receiving...
Disseminated coccidioidomycosis (DCM) is caused by Coccidioides, pathogenic fungi endemic to the southwestern United States and Mexico. Illness occurs in approximately 30% of those infected, less than 1% whom develop disseminated disease. To address why some individuals allow dissemination, we enrolled patients with DCM performed whole-exome sequencing. In an exploratory set 67 DCM, 2 had haploinsufficient STAT3 mutations, defects β-glucan sensing response were seen 34 cases. Damaging CLEC7A...
The gut microbiota prevents harmful microbes from entering the body, a function known as colonization resistance. enteric pathogen Salmonella enterica serovar (S.) Typhimurium uses its virulence factors to break resistance through unknown mechanisms. Using metabolite profiling and genetic analysis, we show that initial rise in luminal abundance was powered by combination of aerobic respiration mixed acid fermentation simple sugars, such glucose, which resulted their depletion metabolome....
Coccidioidomycosis is associated with a broad spectrum of illness severity, ranging from asymptomatic or self-limited pulmonary infection to life-threatening manifestations disseminated disease. Serologic studies before the widespread availability antifungals established current understanding serologic kinetics and dynamics.
The serum (1→3)-β-d-glucan assay has emerged as an important diagnostic test for invasive fungal disease. utility of this in coccidioidomycosis not been previously studied. Using a cutoff value ≥80 pg/ml, we found the sensitivity (43.9%), specificity (91.1%), positive predictive (81.8%), and negative (64.1%) to be similar those diagnosing other mycoses.
To assess sex-specific differences in coccidioidomycosis, a retrospective analysis of human patients, nonhuman primates, and veterinary patients (including the neutered status animal) was performed. We found higher rates infection severity males. This observed increased risk suggests deeper biological underpinnings than solely occupational/exposure risks.
The use of voriconazole, a trifluorinated antifungal, has been associated with the development fluoride excess and periostitis/exostoses. We evaluated cohort patients on long-term triazole therapy found that other fluorinated triazoles (fluconazole posaconazole) conferred no risk for hyperfluorosis its complications in our cohort.
ABSTRACT Compared to Cryptococcus neoformans , little is known about the virulence of molecular types in gattii . We compared vitro factor production and survival data using a Drosophila model infection further characterize phenotypic features different cryptococcal types. Forty-nine isolates were inoculated into wild-type flies followed for survival. In assessed growth at 30 37°C, melanin production, capsule size, resistance H 2 O antifungal susceptibility. A mediator was used assess type...
The natural history of non-central nervous system (non-CNS) disseminated coccidioidomycosis (DCM) has not been previously characterized. historical Veterans Affairs (VA)-Armed Forces patient group provides a unique cohort patients treated with standard antifungal therapy, allowing for characterization the coccidioidomycosis.We conducted retrospective study 531 VA-Armed diagnosed between 1955-1958 and followed to 1966. Groups were identified as non-DCM (462 patients), DCM (44 CNS (25...
Abstract Background Antibiotic treatment sets the stage for intestinal domination by Candida albicans which is necessary development of invasive disease, but resources driving this bloom remain poorly defined. We sought to determine these factors in order design novel prophylaxis strategies reducing gastrointestinal (GI) colonization. Figure 1 C. colonization (CFU/g feces). All mice were treated with 10^6 (ATCC 28367) and randomized receive mock treatment, 0.25% 5-ASA mouse chow,...
Abstract Introduction Burn patients are highly susceptible to infections due factors like loss of the protective skin barrier, immunosuppression, prolonged open wounds, mechanical ventilation and invasive lines. Fungal a significant cause late-onset morbidity mortality. Lomentospora prolificans is virulent fungus with intrinsic resistance many antifungal agents. Fosmanogepix, novel prodrug manogepix, targets glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored proteins essential for fungal cell...
Abstract Objective: To describe the pattern of transmission severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) during nosocomial outbreaks disease 2019 (COVID-19) with regard to possibility airborne transmission. Design: Contact investigations active case finding were used assess spread from COVID-19 index patients. Setting: A community hospital and university medical center in United States, February March, 2020, early pandemic. Patients: Two patients 421 exposed healthcare workers....
Abstract Background Severe coccidioidomycosis presenting with respiratory failure is an uncommon manifestation of disease. Current knowledge this condition limited to case reports and small series. Methods A retrospective multicenter review patients coccidioidomycosis-associated acute distress syndrome (CA-ARDS) was conducted. It assessed clinical laboratory variables at the time presentation, reviewed treatment course, compared cohort a national database noncoccidioidomycosis ARDS....
The clinical manifestations of coccidioidomycosis vary depending upon the extent exposure and immune status host. Recent studies have demonstrated an essential role for vitamin D in both innate acquired immunity serum levels strongly correlate with development upper respiratory tract infections, including tuberculosis. Despite similar pathophysiologic processes at play control tuberculosis invasive fungal a possible association low 25(OH) had not previously been assessed latter patient...
There are still many limitations related to the understanding of natural history differing forms coccidioidomycosis (CM), including characterizing spectrum pulmonary disease. The historical Veterans Administration-Armed Forces database, recorded primarily before advent antifungal therapy, presents an opportunity characterize CM. We performed a retrospective cohort study 342 armed forces service members who were diagnosed with CM at VA facilities between 1955 1958, followed through 1966, did...
To describe a case of Coccidioides endophthalmitis that resulted in favorable visual outcome after combined medical and surgical approach.A 33-year-old previously healthy woman was referred for evaluation dyspnea left-sided vision loss, which began 3 months before, trip to Nevada. She found have pulmonary cavitary lesion fluffy white material the anterior chamber. An aqueous vitreous paracentesis grew species. managed medically with total 7 weekly intravitreal injections amphotericin B...
ABSTRACT Antibiotic prophylaxis sets the stage for an intestinal bloom of Candida albicans , which can progress to invasive candidiasis in patients with hematologic malignancies. Commensal bacteria reestablish microbiota-mediated colonization resistance after completion antibiotic therapy, but they cannot engraft during prophylaxis. Here we use a mouse model provide proof concept alternative approach, replaces commensal functionally drugs restore against C. . Streptomycin treatment, depletes...
OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Antibiotic treatment sets the stage for intestinal domination by Candida albicanswhich is necessary development of invasive disease, but resources driving this bloom remain poorly defined. We sought to determine these factors in order design novel prophylaxis strategies reducing gastrointestinal (GI) colonization. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: initially developed a generalizable framework, termed metabolic footprinting metabolites C. albicanspreferentially uses mouse GI tract....