A5039966299- Gut microbiota and health
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Pancreatitis Pathology and Treatment
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Liver Diseases and Immunity
- Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Healthcare Systems and Practices
- Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Allergic Rhinitis and Sensitization
- Health, Medicine and Society
- Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
- Adenosine and Purinergic Signaling
- Listeria monocytogenes in Food Safety
- Polysaccharides and Plant Cell Walls
- Healthcare and Environmental Waste Management
- Cardiac and Coronary Surgery Techniques
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Cutaneous Melanoma Detection and Management
- Pelvic floor disorders treatments
- Gout, Hyperuricemia, Uric Acid
Weizmann Institute of Science
2023-2025
Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire, Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine
2022-2024
Institut thématique Immunologie, inflammation, infectiologie et microbiologie
2020-2024
Université Paris-Saclay
2016-2024
Hôpital Antoine-Béclère
2015-2024
Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris
2015-2024
Inserm
2015-2024
Laboratoire d'Excellence en Recherche sur le Médicament et l'Innovation Thérapeutique
2021
Université Paris-Sud
2016-2021
Inflammation, Microbiome and Immunosurveillance
2017-2021
Objective Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a global health problem with limited therapeutic options. Intestinal barrier integrity and the microbiota modulate susceptibility to ALD. Akkermansia muciniphila , Gram-negative intestinal commensal, promotes function partly by enhancing mucus production. The aim of this study was investigate microbial alterations in ALD define impact A. administration on course Design analysed an unbiased approach 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequencing Lieber-DeCarli...
<h3>Objective</h3> There is substantial inter-individual diversity in the susceptibility of alcoholics to liver injury. Alterations intestinal microbiota (IM) have been reported alcoholic disease (ALD), but extent which they are merely a consequence or cause unknown. We aimed demonstrate that specific dysbiosis contributes development hepatitis (AH). <h3>Design</h3> humanised germ-free and conventional mice using human IM transplant from patients with without AH. The consequences on...
Chronic alcohol consumption is an important cause of liver-related deaths. Specific intestinal microbiota profiles are associated with susceptibility or resistance to alcoholic liver disease in both mice and humans. We aimed identify the mechanisms by which targeting can improve alcohol-induced lesions.We used human mice, a mouse model transplanted patients prebiotic, pectin, modulate microbiota. Based on metabolomic analyses, we focused tryptophan metabolites, ligands aryl hydrocarbon...
Abstract Human microbiota-associated (HMA) mice are an important model to study the relationship between liver diseases and intestinal microbiota. We describe a new method humanize conventional based on bowel cleansing with polyethylene glycol followed by fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from human donor. Four successive cleansings were sufficient empty intestine decrease 90%. then compared four different strategies frequency of FMT over weeks: (1) twice week; (2) once (3) two FMTs;...
Summary Background Intestinal microbiota plays an important role in bile acid homeostasis. Aim To study the structure of intestinal and its function homeostasis alcoholic patients based on severity liver disease. Methods In this prospective study, we included four groups active (N = 108): two noncirrhotic, with (noCir_ AH , n 13) or without hepatitis (noCir_no 61), cirrhotic, (Cir_ sAH 17) severe (Cir_no 17). Plasma faecal profiles composition were assessed. Results levels total acids (84.6...
Excessive alcohol consumption leads to severe alcoholic hepatitis (sAH) or chronic pancreatitis (CAP) only in a subset of patients. We aimed characterize the intestinal microbiota profiles patients according presence and nature complications observed: sAH CAP. Eighty two were included their complications: CAP (N = 24), 13) no (alcoholic controls, AC, N 45). analyzed by high-throughput sequencing. Bacterial diversity was lower with CAP, who had global composition different from that AC. The...
Life expectancy is increasing in most developed countries, and elderly people have the highest incidence of melanoma.To identify characteristics melanoma its management compared with younger patients.Retrospective population-based study incident cases primary 1621 patients stage I or II 2004 2008. Questionnaires administered to physicians a survey cancer registries pathology laboratories were used obtain data. The was conducted 5 regions northeastern France.Characteristics tumors,...
Abstract Bile acids (BAs) play different roles in cancer development. Some are carcinogenic and BA signaling is also involved various metabolic, inflammatory immune‐related processes. The liver the primary site of synthesis. Liver dysfunction microbiome compositional changes, such as during hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development, may modulate metabolism increasing concentration BAs. Observations from prospective cohorts sparse. We conducted a study (233 HCC case‐control pairs) nested...
The microbiota interacts with the brain through gut-brain axis, and a distinct dysbiosis may lead to major depressive episodes. Bacteria can pass gut barrier be found in blood. Using multiomic approach, we investigated whether blood microbiome metabolome was associated episodes, how it modulated by treatment.In this case-control study, analyzed composition, inferred bacterial functions metabolomic profile of 56 patients experiencing current episode matched healthy controls, before after...
Reshaping the intestinal microbiota by ingestion of fiber, such as pectin, improves alcohol-induced liver lesions in mice modulating bacterial metabolites, including indoles, well bile acids (BAs). In this context, we aimed to elucidate how oral supplementation pectin affects BA metabolism alcohol-challenged receiving feces from patients with alcoholic hepatitis. Pectin reduced alcohol disease. This beneficial effect correlated lower levels plasma and but higher caecum, suggesting that...
Bile-acid metabolism and the intestinal microbiota are impaired in alcohol-related liver disease. Activation of bile-acid receptor TGR5 (or GPBAR1) controls both biliary homeostasis inflammatory processes. We examined role alcohol-induced injury mice.We used TGR5-deficient (TGR5-KO) wild-type (WT) female mice, fed alcohol or not, to study involvement macrophages, (16S sequencing), profiles (high-performance liquid chromatography coupled tandem mass spectrometry). Hepatic triglyceride...
Recent studies have provided evidence of a close link between specific microbiota and inflammatory disorders. While the vessel wall has been recently described in large vasculitis (LVV) controls, blood microbiome these diseases not previously reported (LVV). We aimed to analyse profile LVV patients (Takayasu's arteritis [TAK], giant cell [GCA]) healthy donors (HD). studied samples 13 with TAK (20 samples), 9 GCA (11 samples) 15 HD patients. assessed by sequencing 16S rDNA bacterial DNA. used...
The increase consumption of fructose in diet is associated with liver inflammation. As a specific fructan substrate, may modify the gut microbiota which involved obesity-induced disease. Here, we aimed to assess whether fructose-induced damage was dysbiosis, especially mice fed high fat (HFD). To this end, four groups were normal and HFD added or not fructose. Body weight glucose sensitivity, inflammation, dysbiosis phenotype Kupffer cells determined after 16 weeks diet. Food intake...
Pectin, a soluble fiber, improves non-alcoholic fatty-liver disease (NAFLD), but its mechanisms are unclear. We aimed to investigate the role of pectin-induced changes in intestinal microbiota (IM) NAFLD. recovered IM from mice fed high-fat diet, treated or not with pectin, perform fecal transfer (FMT). Mice which induces NAFLD, were pectin received (FMT) before (preventive FMT) after (curative being diet. Pectin prevented development induced browning adipose tissue, and modified without...
Cerebral ischemia induces a rapid suppression of spontaneous brain rhythms prior to major alterations in ionic homeostasis. It was found vitro during that the rapidly formed adenosine, resulting from intracellular breakdown ATP, may inhibit synaptic transmission via A 1 receptor subtype. The link between endogenous activation and electrocortical activity has not yet been established intact brain. aim this study investigate vivo effects antagonism by 8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine (DPCPX)...