A5057473582- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Agriculture and Farm Safety
- Prion Diseases and Protein Misfolding
- Poxvirus research and outbreaks
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Metallurgy and Material Science
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Neurological diseases and metabolism
- Trace Elements in Health
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Mathematical and Theoretical Epidemiology and Ecology Models
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Insect and Pesticide Research
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Microbial infections and disease research
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
The Pirbright Institute
2016-2025
Trinity College Dublin
2012
Response Biomedical (Canada)
2009
Google (United States)
2008
Universidad Simón Bolívar
2008
Veterinary Medicines Directorate
2002-2006
Organic Research Centre
2005
Newbury College
2005
Département Santé Animale
2005
University of Cambridge
1996-2002
Lumpy skin disease (LSD) poses a significant threat to the cattle industry, resulting in adverse economic consequences affected countries. This study aims estimate financial losses due LSD outbreaks dairy farms northern Thailand. Based on retrospective study, data was collected using standardized questionnaire from 100 by (outbreak farms) and 33 that did not experience (non-LSD outbreak two farming areas experienced between June December 2021. In farms, average total 727.38 USD per farm,...
Since 1998 bluetongue virus (BTV), which causes bluetongue, a non-contagious, insect-borne infectious disease of ruminants, has expanded northwards in Europe an unprecedented series incursions, suggesting that there is risk to the large and valuable British livestock industry. The basic reproduction number, R 0 , provides powerful tool with assess level posed by disease. In this paper, we compute for BTV population comprising two host species, cattle sheep. Estimates each parameter...
1 Bluetongue virus (BTV), a pathogen of ruminants transmitted by Culicoides midges, has emerged dramatically across Europe since 1998. Surveillance is currently carried out in every European country affected BTV, most commonly using standardized light-suction traps that sample the population adult present. To date, however, it not clear whether these trap catches accurately reflect biting Culicoides. 2 In our study, we 192 drop-trap at dusk on Poll Dorset sheep, drawing comparisons with...
Control of many infectious diseases relies on the detection clinical cases and isolation, removal, or treatment their contacts. The success such "reactive" strategies is influenced by fraction transmission occurring before signs appear. We performed experimental studies foot-and-mouth disease in cattle estimated this at less than half value expected from detecting virus body fluids, standard proxy measure infectiousness. This because period shorter (mean 1.7 days) currently realized, animals...
African swine fever virus (ASFV) causes a lethal haemorrhagic disease of which can be transmitted through direct contact with infected animals and their excretions or indirect contaminated fomites. The shedding ASFV by pigs the stability in environment will determine extent environmental contamination. recent outbreaks ASF Europe make it essential to develop transmission models order design effective control strategies prevent further spread ASF. In this study, we assessed faeces, urine oral...
Background The rate at which viruses replicate and disseminate in competent arthropod vectors is limited by the temperature of their environment, this can be an important determinant geographical seasonal limits to transmission arthropods temperate regions. Methodology/Principal Findings Here, we present a novel statistical methodology for estimating relationship between extrinsic incubation period (EIP) apply it both published data on virus replication three internationally orbiviruses...
In 2019, no lumpy skin disease (LSD) outbreaks were reported in South-Eastern Europe, the mass vaccination regional campaign with homologous LSD vaccine continued for fourth year over 1.8 million bovines vaccinated region, preventing further since 2016.LSD Turkey, including western Russia and eastern Asia affecting China, Bangladesh India first time.The use of should be considered countries still affected order to eliminate virus.Besides passive surveillance, which is implemented all...
SUMMARY African swine fever virus (ASFV) continues to cause outbreaks in domestic pigs and wild boar Eastern European countries. To gain insights into its transmission dynamics, we estimated the pig-to-pig basic reproduction number ( R 0 ) for Georgia 2007/1 ASFV strain using a stochastic susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered (SEIR) model with parameters from experiments. Models showed that is 2·8 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1·3–4·8] within pen 1·4 (95% CI 0·6–2·4) between pens. The...
Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a vector-borne disease transmitted by broad spectrum of mosquito species, especially Aedes and Culex genus, to animals (domestic wild ruminants camels) humans. endemic in sub-Saharan Africa the Arabian Peninsula, with periodic epidemics characterised 5-15 years inter-epizootic periods. In last two decades, RVF was notified new African regions (e.g. Sahel), occurred more frequently low-level enzootic virus circulation has been demonstrated livestock various areas....
Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is a highly contagious, economically important of livestock and wildlife species. Active monitoring understanding the epidemiology FMDV underpin foundations control programmes. In many endemic areas, however, veterinary resources are limited, resulting in requirement for simple sampling techniques to increase supplement surveillance efforts. this study, environmental was used first time at markets abattoirs across Cameroon assess opportunities broad scale,...
Recently much attention has been given to developing national-scale micro-simulation models for livestock diseases that can be used predict spread and assess the impact of control measures. The focus these on directly transmitted infections with little vector-borne such as bluetongue, a viral disease ruminants by Culicoides biting midges. Yet BT emerged over past decade one most important livestock.
Summary 1. Culicoides biting midges are vectors of internationally important arboviruses including bluetongue virus (BTV). The ecological constraints imposed by the small body size these insects strongly influence epidemiology diseases they can carry. Bluetongue recently emerged in northern Europe, and atmospheric dispersion models have subsequently been employed to simulate vector movement (and hence likely spread BTV). data underlying such models, however, hitherto either obtained from...
Thermal imagers have been used in a number of disciplines to record animal surface temperatures and as result detect temperature distributions abnormalities requiring particular course action. Some work, with animals infected foot-and-mouth disease virus, has suggested that the technique might be identify early stages disease. In this study, images 19 healthy cattle taken over an extended period determine hoof especially coronary band (a common site for development FMD lesions) eye (as...
The recent unprecedented emergence of arboviruses transmitted by Culicoides biting midges in northern Europe has necessitated the development techniques to differentiate competent vector species. At present these are entirely reliant upon interpretation semi-quantitative RT-PCR (sqPCR) data form Cq values used infer presence viral RNA samples. This study investigates advantages and limitations sqPCR this role comparing infection dissemination rates Schmallenberg virus (SBV) two colony lines...
The aim of this study was to assess the mechanisms transmission bluetongue virus serotype 26 (BTV-26) in goats. A previous study, which investigated pathogenicity and infection kinetics BTV-26 goats, unexpectedly revealed that one control goat may have been infected through a direct contact route. To investigate more detail an experimental carried out three goats were with BTV-26, kept uninfected, but housed additional four indirect separated from by metal gates. This barrier allowed...
Bluetongue virus (BTV) is an economically important pathogen of ruminants that the aetiological agent haemorrhagic disease bluetongue. biologically transmitted by Culicoides biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), and long-range dispersal infected vector species contributes substantially to rapid spread virus. The range semi-passive flights on prevailing winds has been inferred reach several hundred kilometres in a single night over water bodies. In this study, atmospheric dispersion model...
Mortality data are routinely collected for many livestock and poultry species, they often used epidemiological purposes, including estimating transmission parameters. In this study, we infer rates African swine fever virus (ASFV), an important transboundary disease of swine, using mortality from nine pig herds in the Russian Federation with confirmed outbreaks ASFV. Parameters a stochastic model ASFV within herd were estimated approximate Bayesian computation. Estimates basic reproduction...
ABSTRACT Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus (FMDV) circulates as multiple serotypes and strains in many regions of endemicity. In particular, the three Southern African Territories (SAT) are maintained effectively their wildlife reservoir, buffalo, individuals may harbor SAT for extended periods pharyngeal region. However, exact site mechanism persistence remain unclear. FMD buffaloes offers a unique opportunity to study FMDV persistence, transmission from carrier ruminants has convincingly...
Lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) is a vector-transmitted poxvirus that causes in cattle. Vector species involved LSDV transmission and their ability to acquire transmit the are poorly characterized. Using highly representative bovine experimental model of lumpy disease, we fed four vector (Aedes aegypti, Culex quinquefasciatus, Stomoxys calcitrans, Culicoides nubeculosus) on LSDV-inoculated cattle order examine acquisition retention LSDV. Subclinical was more common outcome than clinical...