A5052201417- Yersinia bacterium, plague, ectoparasites research
- Forensic and Genetic Research
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Microbial infections and disease research
- Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies
- Rabies epidemiology and control
- Bacillus and Francisella bacterial research
- Molecular Biology Techniques and Applications
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting Issues
- Ear Surgery and Otitis Media
- Vestibular and auditory disorders
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Leprosy Research and Treatment
Kiel University
2019-2024
University of Edinburgh
2018-2023
Abstract Ancient genomic studies have identified Yersinia pestis ( Y. ) as the causative agent of second plague pandemic (fourteenth–eighteenth century) that started with Black Death (1,347–1,353). Most strains investigated from this been isolated western Europe, and not much is known about diversity microevolution bacterium in eastern European countries. In study, we human remains excavated two cemeteries Riga (Latvia). Historical evidence suggests burials were a consequence outbreaks...
The Wartberg culture (WBC, 3500-2800 BCE) dates to the Late Neolithic period, a time of important demographic and cultural transformations in western Europe. We performed genome-wide analyses 42 individuals who were interred WBC collective burial Niedertiefenbach, Germany (3300-3200 cal. BCE). results showed that farming population Niedertiefenbach carried surprisingly large hunter-gatherer ancestry component (34-58%). This was most likely introduced during transformation led WBC. In...
The pathogen landscape in the Early European Middle Ages remains largely unexplored. Here, we perform a systematic screening of rural community Lauchheim "Mittelhofen," present-day Germany, dated to Merovingian period, between fifth and eighth century CE. Skeletal individuals were subjected an ancient DNA metagenomic analysis. Genomes detected pathogens reconstructed analyzed phylogenetically.
Yersinia pestis is the causative agent of at least three major plague pandemics (Justinianic, Medieval and Modern). Previous studies on ancient Y. genomes revealed that several genomic alterations had occurred approximately 5000–3000 years ago contributed to remarkable virulence this pathogen. How a subset strains evolved cause Modern pandemic less well-understood. Here, we examined virulence-associated prophage (Ypf Φ ), which been postulated be exclusively present in associated with...
Abstract The highly polymorphic human leukocyte antigen (HLA) plays a crucial role in adaptive immunity and is associated with various complex diseases. Accurate analysis of HLA genes using ancient DNA (aDNA) data for understanding their adaptation to pathogens. Here, we describe the TARGT pipeline targeted loci from low-coverage shotgun sequence data. was successfully applied medieval aDNA samples validated both simulated modern empirical 1000 Genomes Project. Thus enables accurate...
Abstract The Wartberg culture (WBC, 3,500-2,800 BCE) dates to the Late Neolithic period, a time of important demographic and cultural transformations in western Europe. We perform genome-wide analysis 42 individuals who were interred WBC collective burial Niedertiefenbach, Germany (3,300-3,200 cal. BCE). Our results highlight that Niedertiefenbach population indeed emerged at beginning WBC. This farming community was genetically heterogeneous carried surprisingly large hunter-gatherer...
Outbreaks of infectious diseases repeatedly affected medieval Europe, leaving behind a large number dead often inhumed in mass graves. Human remains interred two burial pits from 14 th century CE Germany exhibited molecular evidence Salmonella enterica Paratyphi C ( S. C) infection. The pathogen is responsible for paratyphoid fever, which was likely the cause death buried individuals. This finding presented unique opportunity to conduct fever association study European population. We focused...
<title>Abstract</title> <italic>Yersinia pestis</italic> (<italic>Y. pestis</italic>) has been infecting humans since the Late Neolithic (LN). Whether those early infections were isolated zoonoses or initiators of a prehistoric Eurasia-wide pandemic remains unclear. We report results pathogen screening on 133 LN human from necropolis at Warburg (Germany, 5300 − 4900 cal BP). identify two new <italic>Y. genomes individuals buried in different gallery graves. Our analyses show that belong to...
Abstract Background Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae ( M. ) that reached an epidemic scale in the Middle Ages. Nowadays, absent Europe and host genetic influences have been considered as contributing factor to leprosy disappearance. In this study, case-control association analysis between multiple human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles was performed medieval European population for first time. The sample comprised 293 individuals from 18 archaeological...
Yersinia pestis has been infecting humans since the Late Neolithic (LN). Whether those early infections were isolated zoonoses or initiators of a pandemic remains unclear. We report Y. in two individuals (of 133) from LN necropolis at Warburg (Germany, 5300-4900 cal BP). Our analyses show that genomes belong to distinct strains and reflect independent infection events. All known today (n = 4) are basal phylogeny represent separate lineages probably originated different animal hosts. In LN,...