The reductive mobilisation of iron from ferritin, the principal protein storage, was studied. kinetic characteristics release by dithionite, thioglycollate, and dihydroriboflavin 5′-phosphate (FMNH2) were found to differ widely. dependence on pH is most pronounced for dithionite reduction which proceeds 100 times faster at 4 than 7. experimental data can be consistently explained in terms specific interactions products or educts with interfacial iron(III) hydroxide ferritin core. Surface...

Hyperphosphatemia in advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) necessitates the use of phosphate binders. This vitro study assessed binding and Fe release properties novel iron-based binder PA21.Phosphate adsorption were under conditions simulating administration PA21 on an empty stomach full across a pH range to which would be exposed during passage through gastrointestinal (GI) tract.PA21 showed robust capacity over entire physiologically relevant range. The high at low indicates that could...

Elevated serum phosphorus, calcium, and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) levels are associated with cardiovascular disease in chronic renal disease. This study evaluated the effects of sucroferric oxyhydroxide (PA21), a new iron-based phosphate binder, versus lanthanum carbonate (La) sevelamer (Se), on FGF23, intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) concentrations, development vascular calcification adenine-induced failure (CRF) rats. After induction CRF, function was significantly impaired all...

Chronic renal failure (CRF) is associated with the development of secondary hyperparathyroidism and vascular calcifications. We evaluated efficacy PA21, a new iron-based noncalcium phosphate binder, in controlling phosphocalcic disorders preventing calcifications uremic rats. Rats adenine-diet-induced CRF were randomized to receive either PA21 0.5, 1.5, or 5% CaCO₃ 3% diet for 4 weeks, compared nonuremic control groups. After weeks binder treatment, serum calcium, creatinine, body...

Intravenous (IV) iron nanoparticle preparations are widely used to treat deficiency. The mechanism of mononuclear phagocyte system-mediated clearance IV nanoparticles is unknown. early uptake and homeostasis after injection ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) in mice was studied. An increase serum observed at 2.5 h followed by a return baseline 24 h. circulating monocytes observed, particularly Ly6Chi Ly6Clow. FCM also associated with time-dependent decrease liver Kupffer cells (KCs) monocytes....

Abstract Aims Iron deficiency is frequently observed in patients with acute coronary syndrome and associates poor prognosis after myocardial infarction (AMI). Anaemia linked to dysregulation of iron metabolism, red blood cell dysfunction, increased reactive oxygen species generation. supplementation chronic heart failure safe improves cardiac exercise capacity. Increases during ischaemia or immediately reperfusion are associated detrimental effects on left ventricular (LV) function. The...

Since anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity (AIC), a complication of anthracycline-based chemotherapies, is thought to involve iron, concerns exist about using iron for anaemia treatment in anthracycline-receiving cancer patients. This study evaluated how intravenous ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) modulates the influence deficiency (IDA) and doxorubicin (3–5 mg per kg body weight [BW]) on oxidative/nitrosative stress, inflammation, cardiorenal function spontaneously hypertensive stroke-prone...

Abstract Introduction Sucroferric oxyhydroxide (PA21) is an efficacious, well-tolerated iron-based phosphate binder and a promising alternative to existing compounds. We compared the effects of PA21 with those conventional on renal function, mineral homeostasis vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease–mineral bone disorder (CKD-MBD) rat model. Methods To induce stable failure, rats were administered 0.25% adenine diet for 8 weeks. Concomitantly, treated vehicle, 2.5 g/kg/day PA21,...

Inhibition of β-glucosidase activity by Cu(II), Zn(II) and Ni(II) was investigated as a function pH buffer type. Both factors were found to exert strong effect on the enzyme. All three heavy metals inhibited enzyme in acetate buffer. At metal concentrations 0.6 mM, Zn Ni reduced 25-30% under optimal conditions (pH 5-5.2). Under same conditions, Cu showed an even more pronounced inhibitory than Ni. In presence mM Cu, lowered 90% comparison free systems. contrast these results, no inhibition...

Summary We investigated the effect of goethite and copper on almond β‐glucosidase activity. The activity was found to be inhibited at dissolved concentrations exceeding 0.2 m . Copper most influential in pH range 5–5.5, which enzyme reduced by 50% or more total compared with copper‐free assays. At 4, presence 15% most. caused a shift optimum towards lower pH. Goethite did not influence significantly, although up 95% adsorbed its surface. adsorption seemed principally non‐electrostatic forces...

Cellular iron supply is required for various biochemical processes. Measuring bioavailable in cells aids obtaining a better understanding of its activities but technically challenging. Existing techniques have several constraints that make precise localization difficult, and the lack functional readout makes it unclear whether tested labile available metalloproteins. Here, we use geNOps; ferrous iron-dependent genetically encoded fluorescent nitric oxide (NO) biosensor, to measure cellular...

Under physiological conditions, ferric ions are essentially insoluble because of the formation polynuclear hydroxo-bridged complexes. Ferrous more soluble but may produce hydroxyl radicals on reaction with hydrogen peroxide. Chelation and ferrous organic ligands prevent these undesirable reactions. Alternatively, iron(III)-hydroxide/oxide can be stabilized solubilized by tight interactions carbohydrates. The data presented in this work show that, its physicochemical properties,...

Simple iron salts, such as sulphate, often interact with food and other medications reducing bioavailability toler-ability. Iron(III)-hydroxide polymaltose complex (IPC, Maltofer^©) provides a soluble form of non-ionic iron, making it an ideal oral supplementation. The physicochemical properties IPC predict low potential for interactions. effects co-administration aluminium hydroxide (CAS 21645-51-2), acetylsalicylic acid 50-78-2), bro-mazepam 1812-30-2), calcium acetate 62-54-4),...

The rates of reaction various exogenic iron(III) complexes with deuteroporphyrin IX in isolated mitochondria to form deuterohaem were measured. Ferritin was shown supply iron readily for haem synthesis if the ferritin reductively mobilised by mitochondrial respiratory chain succinate as substrate and FMN mediator. In contrast, polynuclear able without added FMN. Rates formation are about five times higher lowest units than ferritin. Sorbitol, gluconate, bovine serum albumin used scavengers...

Objective: Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of mortality in patients with chronic kidney (CKD). Elevated serum phosphate and FGF23 are associated cardiovascular CKD. Current therapy focuses on decreasing phosphorus using binders. PA21 new iron-based binder. Few studies have analysed how to suppress up-regulation To evaluate the effects compared other binders as lanthanum carbonate (La) sevelamer (Se) FGF23, phosphorus, calcium, iPTH concentrations investigate potential effect...