A5056519858- Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Organ Transplantation Techniques and Outcomes
- Liver Disease and Transplantation
- Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Family and Disability Support Research
- Pediatric Hepatobiliary Diseases and Treatments
- Child Development and Digital Technology
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Renal Transplantation Outcomes and Treatments
- Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
- Job Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior
- Congenital Heart Disease Studies
- Policing Practices and Perceptions
- Congenital heart defects research
- Gallbladder and Bile Duct Disorders
- Congenital Anomalies and Fetal Surgery
- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Neonatal Health and Biochemistry
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Organ Donation and Transplantation
- Adolescent and Pediatric Healthcare
- Gun Ownership and Violence Research
- Liver physiology and pathology
- Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Amino Acid Enzymes and Metabolism
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
2014-2025
University of Cincinnati
2003-2025
Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
2022-2025
University of Cincinnati Medical Center
2011-2025
Center for Autism and Related Disorders
2015-2024
University of California, San Diego
2000-2024
University of Utah
2018-2022
Duke University
2015-2020
Duke University Health System
2018
Southern Illinois University School of Medicine
1990-2015
The etiology and pathogenesis of bile duct obstruction in children with biliary atresia are largely unknown. We have previously reported that, despite phenotypic heterogeneity, genomic signatures livers from patients display a proinflammatory phenotype. Here, we address the hypothesis that production IFN-gamma is key pathogenic mechanism disease using mouse model rotavirus-induced atresia. found rotavirus infection neonatal mice has unique tropism to cells, it triggers hepatobiliary...
The etiology and pathogenesis of bile duct obstruction in children with biliary atresia are largely unknown. We have previously reported that, despite phenotypic heterogeneity, genomic signatures livers from patients display a proinflammatory phenotype. Here, we address the hypothesis that production IFN-γ is key pathogenic mechanism disease using mouse model rotavirus-induced atresia. found rotavirus infection neonatal mice has unique tropism to cells, it triggers hepatobiliary inflammation...
BackgroundTheories of brain abnormality in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have focused on underconnectivity as an explanation for social, language, and behavioral deficits but are based mainly studies older autistic children adults.MethodsIn 94 ASD typical toddlers ages 1 to 4 years, we examined the microstructure (indexed by fractional anisotropy) volume axon pathways using vivo diffusion tensor imaging fronto-frontal, fronto-temporal, fronto-striatal, fronto-amygdala pathways, well...
To describe the proportion of children screened by Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT), identify characteristics associated with screen completion, and examine associations between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) screening later ASD diagnosis.We examined data from attending 18- 24-month visits 2013 2016 20 clinics within a health care system evidence M-CHAT subsequent coding diagnosis at age >4.75 years. We interviewed providers information about usual methods scoring...
To demonstrate the capability of computer vision analysis to detect atypical orienting and attention behaviors in toddlers with autism spectrum disorder. One hundered four 16-31 months old (mean = 22) participated this study. Twenty-two had disorder 82 typical development or developmental delay. Toddlers watched video stimuli on a tablet while built-in camera recorded their head movement. Computer measured participants' response name calls. Reliability algorithm was tested against human...
Current tools for objectively measuring young children's observed behaviors are expensive, time-consuming, and require extensive training professional administration. The lack of scalable, reliable, validated impacts access to evidence-based knowledge limits our capacity collect population-level data in non-clinical settings. To address this gap, we developed mobile technology videos children while they watched movies designed elicit autism-related then used automatic behavioral coding these...
Abstract Background Social affective and communication symptoms are central to autism spectrum disorder (ASD), yet their severity differs across toddlers: Some toddlers with ASD display improving abilities early ages develop good social language skills, while others “profound” have persistently low social, cognitive skills require lifelong care. The biological origins of these opposite subtypes developmental trajectories not known. Methods Because involves brain overgrowth excess neurons, we...
Theories of motivation and common expectation argue that people who contribute more to an undertaking should receive from it. This has significantly influenced the design compensation systems. Merit pay reflects this influence. Nonetheless, in spite intuitive appeal apparent theoretical support, merit rarely achieves its objectives. article reviews five implementation issues. It also argues plans underemphasize important attribution biases affect performance judgments. These suggest such...
Article14 December 2015Open Access Cell cycle networks link gene expression dysregulation, mutation, and brain maldevelopment in autistic toddlers Tiziano Pramparo Department of Neurosciences, UC San Diego Autism Center, School Medicine University California Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA Search for more papers by this author Michael V Lombardo Psychology, Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus Center Applied Neuroscience, Research Centre, Psychiatry, Cambridge, UK Kathleen Campbell Cynthia Carter Barnes Steven...
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility performing magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) as a screening tool for elevated liver stiffness in patients' status-post Fontan procedure.With greater numbers patients surviving far into adulthood, factor increasingly affecting long-term prognosis is presence hepatic congestion and fibrosis. If detected early, steps can be taken potentially slow or halt progression MRE relatively new, noninvasive imaging technique, which...
Evidence suggests that differences in motor function are an early feature of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). One aspect ability develops during childhood is postural control, reflected the to maintain a steady head and body position without excessive sway. Observational studies have documented control older children with ASD. The present study used computer vision analysis assess midline as rate spontaneous movements states active attention, 104 toddlers between 16-31 months age (Mean = 22...
Observational behavior analysis plays a key role for the discovery and evaluation of risk markers many neurodevelopmental disorders. Research on autism spectrum disorder (ASD) suggests that behavioral can be observed at 12 months age or earlier, with diagnosis possible 18 months. To date, these studies evaluations involving observational tend to rely heavily clinical practitioners specialists who have undergone intensive training able reliably administer carefully designed...
Commonly used screening tools for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) generally rely on subjective caregiver questionnaires. While behavioral observation is more objective, it also expensive, time‐consuming, and requires significant expertise to perform. As such, there remains a critical need develop feasible, scalable, reliable that can characterize ASD risk behaviors. This study assessed the utility of tablet‐based assessment eliciting detecting one type behavior, namely, patterns facial...
Importance Live vaccines (measles-mumps-rubella [MMR] and varicella-zoster virus [VZV]) have not been recommended after solid organ transplant due to concern for inciting vaccine strain infection in an immunocompromised host. However, the rates of measles, mumps, varicella are rising nationally internationally, leaving susceptible children at risk life-threating conditions. Objective To determine safety immunogenicity live pediatric liver kidney recipients. Design, Setting, Participants This...
Autism and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are heterogeneous neurodevelopmental conditions with complex underlying neurobiology that is still poorly understood. Despite overlapping presentation sex-biased prevalence, autism ADHD rarely studied together sex differences often overlooked. Population modeling, referred to as normative provides a unified framework for studying age-specific sex-specific divergences in brain development.
Language and social symptoms improve with age in some autistic toddlers, but not others, such outcome differences are clearly predictable from clinical scores alone. Here we aim to identify early-age brain alterations autism that prognostic of future language ability. Leveraging 372 longitudinal structural MRI scans 166 toddlers 109 typical controlling for size, find that, compared show differentially larger or thicker temporal fusiform regions; smaller thinner inferior frontal lobe midline...
Cisplatin is a widely used, very effective chemotherapeutic agent that can cause severe ototoxicity. In this study, D-methionine was tested as an otoprotectant via round window membrane (RWM) application in the chinchilla.A minute amount of cisplatin alone, or followed by cisplatin, applied topically directly to intact RWM anesthetized adult chinchillas. Auditory brainstem responses were measured before and 1 week after topical application. Animals killed, cochleas examined.The ears...
The military and police professions share a number of common facets, but in spite surface similarities, the two are significantly different. Consequently, evidence indicating convergence primary aspects roles presages an important societal development, with substantial implications on several levels. Thus, this article has objectives. First, it reviews role convergence, that is, significant segments operations United States have taken characteristics; many U.S. initiatives policing...