We investigated the effect of a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) agonist ophthalmic solution in wound healing using rat corneal alkali burn model. After instillation selective PPARα, fenofibrate, onto burned cornea, PPARα-positive cells were observed vascular endothelial cells, and there was upregulation mRNA PPARα stroma. Fenofibrate suppressed expression neutrophils macrophages during early phase, development neovascularization myofibroblast generation late phase....

Hydrogen (H2) has been reported to scavenge free radicals, particularly the hydroxyl radical (·OH). Ultrasound oscillation in an aqueous solution produces ·OH. Our recent study demonstrated that H2 dissolved irrigation prevented corneal endothelial damage during phacoemulsification animal model. We examined effects of clinical phacoemulsification.A single-center, prospective, randomized, double-masked trial.Thirty-two patients who had cataracts similar nucleus hardness both eyes (age:...

B7-1 and B7-2 are well characterized costimulatory ligands on Ag presentation cells for the CD28 CTLA4 receptors T cells. The fusion protein CTLA4Ig can block this interaction prevent specific cell activation. development of fatal CD4+ cell-mediated experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) in susceptible female Lewis rats was optimized by immunization with 20 mg guinea pig spinal cord homogenate CFA day 0 three doses 1 microgram pertussis toxin given i.v. days 0, 3, 7. This regimen...

The effects of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)β/δ ophthalmic solution were investigated in a rat corneal alkali burn model. After injury, GW501516 (PPARβ/δ agonist) or vehicle was topically instilled onto the rat’s cornea twice day until 7. Pathological findings evaluated, and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction performed. strongly suppressed infiltration neutrophils pan-macrophages, reduced mRNA expression interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis...

Abstract Homocarnosine is a brain-specific dipeptide composed of γ-aminobutyric acid and L-histidine. In contrast to its well-known analog carnosine, homocarnosine under-explored non-commercially available. Here, we report an in-house practical procedure for solid-phase synthesis yielding purity > 95%. Applications the synthesized in vitro assays exhibited antioxidant muscle-fiber-cell viability activities.

We investigated the effect of a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) agonist after corneal alkali injury. Fenofibrate 0.05% (PPARα group) or vehicle (Vehicle was topically instilled onto rat cornea Histological, immunohistochemical, and real-time reverse transcription PCR analyses were performed. PPARα-positive cells observed among basal epithelium in normal alkali-burned corneas. The number infiltrating neutrophils macrophages at limbus lower PPARα group. Interleukin-1β...

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) and gamma (PPARγ) agonists have anti-inflammatory anti-neovascularization effects, but few reports tested the combination of PPARα PPARγ agonists. In this study, we investigated therapeutic effects ophthalmic solutions PPARα, PPARγ, in a rat corneal alkali burn model. After injury, an solution 0.05% fenofibrate (PPARα group), 0.1% pioglitazone (PPARγ + (PPARα+γ or vehicle (vehicle group) was topically instilled onto rat’s cornea twice...

While MHC incompatible DA (RTla) to Lewis (RT11, LEW) rat liver allografts are acutely rejected, the reciprocal LEW grafts spontaneously accepted. The mechanism of this acceptance remains unclear. We evaluated effect donor treatment with total body irradiation (TBI) or gadolinium chloride (GdCl3), and recipient exogenous IL-2 after transplantation on survival accepted grafts. Male rats were used as donors recipients for orthotopic allo- iso-graft transplants. was treated by TBI (10 gray) 7...

The anti-obesity and anti-diabetic effects of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) are mainly expressed via glucose insulin regulation in mice. It is unknown whether dietary GABA exerts other pathways. Herein, we report that a high intake (5%) significantly suppressed food (−30%), body-weight gain, fat accumulation, induced ketogenesis, improved metabolism, elevated the levels circulating β-aminoisobutyric acid. These changes suggest 5% possibly induces calorie restriction. Interestingly, combination...

FROUNT is an intracellular protein that promotes pseudopodia formation by binding to the chemokine receptors CCR2 and CCR5 on macrophages. Recently, disulfiram (DSF), a drug treatment for alcoholism, was found have inhibitory activity. In this study, we investigated effect of DSF eye drops in rat corneal alkali burn model. After burn, 0.5% (DSF group) vehicle (Vehicle were administered twice daily. Immunohistochemical observations real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction...

The nondepleting monoclonal antirat CD4 antibody, RIB 5/2, has been shown to modulate, but not eliminate, the CD4+ T cells and prolong survival of rat skin, renal, or cardiac allografts when serially administered after transplantation. In present study, we compared efficacy recipient pretreatment with a single dose 5/2 depleting OX-38 anti-CD4 antibody plus donor alloantigen given intravenously intrathymically 21 days before transplantation on completely MHC-mismatched allografts....

The effects of each subtype-selective peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) agonist (α, β/δ, γ) on corneal epithelial wound healing were investigated using a rat alkali burn model. After the burn, PPAR or vehicle ophthalmic solution was instilled topically onto rat’s cornea. Corneal processes evaluated by fluorescein staining. Pathological analyses and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reactions performed to evaluate Ki67 (proliferative maker) expression...

Many studies have demonstrated the therapeutic effects of hydrogen in pathological conditions such as inflammation; however, little is known about its prophylactic effects. The purpose this study to investigate hydrogen-rich water instillation a rat corneal alkali burn model. Hydrogen-rich (hydrogen group) or physiological saline (vehicle was instilled continuously normal cornea for 5 min. At 6 h after instillation, exposed alkali. area epithelial defect (CED) measured every until 24...

Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins regulate transcription from the E box sequence (5′-CANNTG-3′) located in regulatory region of most gene promoters. The rat enhancer split- and hairy-related protein 2 (SHARP-2) is a member bHLH family. To analyze possible role SHARP-2 ovary, regulation expression was examined, characterized. Northern blot analysis revealed that level mRNA abruptly temporarily increases as result action LH, i.e., eCG or hCG treatment alone after treatment, indicated by...

The purpose of this study was to examine changes in the ocular surface before and after phacoemulsification with small incisions tear osmolarity.This a prospective, observational involving 55 eyes 39 patients (19 male, 20 female patients; average age 72.0±7.3 years) who had cataract surgery at Nippon Medical School Hospital between December 2013 June 2018. Compromised dynamics were determined by Schirmer test or break-up time (BUT). An abnormal identified positive vital staining fluorescein...

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is often noted in patients with lower-extremity (LEAD). However, the effects of CAD on LEAD have not been clearly investigated. In this study, to investigate effect without chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI), we compared five-year clinical outcomes and CAD. Between 2014 2017, 246 symptomatic CLTI underwent endovascular treatment. Patients a history revascularization or defined by studies were divided into groups, others non-CAD groups. After excluding...

Intrathymic (IT) antigen injection has been shown to induce antigen-specific systemic tolerance in the rodent. To delineate mechanisms responsible for induction of tolerance, we used 2C line T cell receptor transgenic mice. The majority cells mice express an specific major histocompatibility complex class I alloantigen Ld and can be identified with clonotypic monoclonal antibody 1B2. IT lymphoid expressing was found a significant prolongation BALB/c skin allograft survival. associated marked...

Background: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) may be involved in the pathogenesis of glaucoma. BDNF concentrations reported previous studies have varied widely, and concentration aqueous humor is unknown. In this study, glaucoma patients control were measured with ELISA kits. Methods: This prospective, observational study examined levels 62 eyes 43 who underwent cataract surgery or trabeculectomy (11 32 non-glaucoma as controls). by 4 different enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay...

Background. CD4+ T cells play an essential role in allograft rejection. The monoclonal anti-rat CD4 antibody, RIB 5/2, has been shown to modulate the glycoprotein without eliminating recipient cells. We have successfully induced tolerance rat heart allografts by pretreatment with a single dose of 5/2 plus intravenous administration donor splenocytes. In this study, we explored whether potent regimen could induce more resistant kidney and skin allografts. Furthermore, examined kinetics...