A5111570627- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- HIV Research and Treatment
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis
- Parvovirus B19 Infection Studies
- Fungal Infections and Studies
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Hepatitis C virus research
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Parasitic infections in humans and animals
- Syphilis Diagnosis and Treatment
- Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms
- Congenital Anomalies and Fetal Surgery
- Interstitial Lung Diseases and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
- Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
- Infectious Disease Case Reports and Treatments
University of Southern California
1993-2025
Los Angeles Medical Center
1991-2025
Péterfy Sándor Utcai Kórház-Rendelőintézet és Baleseti Központ
2018
Southern California University for Professional Studies
1998-2004
LAC+USC Medical Center
1996-2003
Los Angeles County Department of Health Services
1995-2001
University of Maryland, Baltimore
1997-2000
University of Miami
1999-2000
Baylor College of Medicine
1999
University of California, Los Angeles
1999
Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group protocol 185 evaluated whether zidovudine combined with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) hyperimmune immunoglobulin (HIVIG) infusions administered monthly during pregnancy and to the neonate at birth would significantly lower perinatal HIV transmission compared treatment intravenous (IVIG) without antibody. Subjects had baseline CD4 cell counts ⩽500/μL (22% <200/μL) required for maternal health (24% received before pregnancy). Transmission was...
Objective. To assess the safety of live, attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) administered to relatively asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic HIV-infected children and non-HIV-infected children. Methods. Twenty-five non-HIV 24 (CDC Class N A1,2) were enrolled into this double blind, placebo-controlled study. Children randomized within each HIV status group one two dosing regimens: Regimen 1, Dose 1 = LAIV, 2 placebo, 3 LAIV; 2, LAIV. Study doses separated by 28 35 days. Reactogenicity events 10...
Objective To evaluate independent contributions of maternal factors to adverse pregnancy outcomes (APO) in HIV-infected women receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). Design Risk for preterm birth (< 37 weeks gestation), low weight (LBW) 2500 g), and intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) (birth < 10th percentile gestational age) examined 497 pregnant enrolled PACTG 185, a perinatal clinical trial. Methods HIV RNA copy number, culture titer, CD4 lymphocyte counts were measured during...
Abstract It is estimated that in utero SARS-CoV-2 infection rare. However, few studies have systematically assessed for IgA and IgM antibodies indicating potential response to using multi-isotype serology, no markers relation circulating variants. Between October 21, 2021 February 15, 2023, remnant cord blood samples (CBS) from neonates born at a single hospital Los Angeles, were tested serological suggesting infection. specific fetal and/or detected 28.7% (298/1038 CBS, 95% CI: 26.0, 31.6),...
Persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection who subsequently develop an acute sexually transmitted disease have increased probability of transmitting HIV. Therefore, characterizing such persons can help direct prevention efforts to a group are likely be continuing sources HIV transmission. We assessed the incidence and factors associated trichomoniasis in cohort HIV-infected women receiving care at public clinic Los Angeles County, California from 1992 through 1995....
The relationship between CD4 T-lymphocyte counts and infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is retrospectively investigated for 266 HIV-infected uninfected children who were born to infected women, including 39 Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), in a population-based surveillance study. Of 21 perinatally PCP only 10 (48%) had that less than 500 x 10(6) cells/L (500 cells/mm3), compared all 18 via blood transfusions or clotting factors. Among 68 1 year younger, (90%) of 20...
Abstract Background With successful treatment of HIV, viral loads can drop to levels undetectable by regular qPCR diagnostic methods. However, the virus remains latent in cellular reservoirs . These reservoir cells are rare, and their quantification is a critical parameter assess future HIV treatments. Digital PCR (dPCR) technology bypasses limitation inherent qPCR, quantify some extent with infection within cell population. Methods Here we describe protocol relying on dPCR that allows...
HIV-1 transmission from mother to child has been associated with maternal vitamin A status in studies of women living Africa. This finding raised the question whether supplementation might help reduce United States as well worldwide. In industrialized nations, however, both nutritional HIV-1-infected pregnant and association levels vertical were unknown. Futhermore, is teratogenic, supplements during pregnancy have caused birth defects. To investigate serum (retinol) three other...
The pharmacokinetics and safety of hyperimmune anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) intravenous immunoglobulin (HIVIG) were evaluated in the first 28 maternal-infant pairs enrolled a randomized, (IVIG)-controlled trial HIVIG HIV transmission prophylaxis. Using 200 mg/kg, mean half-life volume distribution (Vd) women 15 days 72 mL/kg, respectively, after one 32 154 mL/kg three monthly infusions, with stable 4 mL/kg/day clearance. Transplacental passage occurred. Newborn single-dose...
To initiate antiretroviral therapy and prophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, it is important to identify human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1)-infected infants as soon after birth possible. This study was undertaken evaluate a novel 5-hour nonisotopic (NI) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay (Amplicor® PCR; Roche Molecular Systems) four other commonly used HIV-1 diagnostic tests including culture, oligonucleotide hybridization PCR, p24 antigen immune complex-dissociated (ICD)...
The yields of both induced sputum examination and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) have been reported to be decreased for breakthrough episodes Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients receiving aerosolized pentamidine chemoprophylaxis. This study assessed whether the yield a single middle or lower lobe BAL could increased by utilization two techniques: (1) indirect immunofluorescent staining with combination murine monoclonal anti-Pneumocystis antibodies...
A human gene has been identified that affects susceptibility to HIV-1 infection. The codes for CCR5, the coreceptor macrophage-tropic strains of HIV-1. Individuals who are homozygous a deleted, mutant form gene, delta32, display high degree natural resistance sexual and parenteral transmission To investigate whether delta32 plays role in vertical transmission, we determined CCR5 genotype 552 children born infected mothers United States correlated genotypes with infection status. Of these...
Objective: To determine the incidence and factors associated with extrapulmonary cryptococcosis among a cohort of persons HIV in Los Angeles County. Design: Records-based study. Methods: Data were analysed from 3836 aged ≥13 years infection enrolled four outpatient facilities 1990 to 1995. The potential association between demographic risk behavior clinical was assessed. Possible seasonal clustering evaluated an estimate survival following calculated. Multivariate analysis performed using...
KOVACS, ANDREA A. S. MD; CHURCHILL, MARGARET PHD; WOOD, DAVID MD, MPH; MASCOLA, LAURENE ZAIA, JOHN MD
To evaluate the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in children with perinatal human immunodeficiency (HIV) infection.Cross-sectional substudy.Multicenter study from 41 sites United States.Children HIV were randomly selected a large, long-term, follow-up protocol.Hepatitis was defined as having positive test results on both HCV antibody and RNA assays.Five hundred thirty enrolled substudy; definitive available for 525 children. Eighty-three percent minority race or ethnicity....
Objectives: To evaluate a social network approach to develop an adolescent cohort for HIV vaccine preparedness and investigate characteristics that influence recruitment. Methods: We summarize baseline data from prospective study included 4 sessions over 6 months. Fifty-nine HIV-infected adult patients of family-based clinic named significant others indicated willingness involve them in this study. Sixty-two not known be infected were enrolled. Logistic regression was used estimate factors...
Summary: The association of maternal and perinatal factors with mother-infant transmission HIV-1 was examined in a prospective multicenter cohort singleton live births to 508 HIV-1-infected women children known infection status (91 [18%] HIV-1-infected, 417 [82%] uninfected). From multivariate logistic regression, independent predictors included CD4 percentage (CD4%) (odds ratio [OR] per 10% increase CD4% = 0.70; p .003), ruptured membranes <24 hours (OR 3.15; .02), bleeding 2.90; .03),...
Plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha) and the ability plasmas to induce HIV expression in chronically infected cell lines were measured samples from adults, cord blood, neonates Zaire North America. TNF alpha higher Zairian born HIV-negative -positive mothers than uninfected adults (612 vs. 128 8 pg/mL, P < .001); this dichotomy persisted until children 9 months old. Plasmas also stimulated reverse transcriptase HIV-infected did plasma (1339 110 cpm, .001). Similar...
KOVACS, ANDREA MD; HINTON, DAVID R. WRIGHT, DALE; XU, JIAAO LI, XIAO-LING RASHEED, SURAIYA PHD; HOFMAN, FLORENCE PHD Author Information
The nucleoside analogue 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT) is a weak carcinogen in adult female mice and moderately strong the offspring of given drug during gestation. In addition, incorporation AZT into DNA was observed multiple organs transplacentally exposed newborn mice. Here we investigate peripheral leukocyte HIV-1-positive pregnant women for variable times gestation cord blood infants to utero. length treatment varied between 10 days 9 months. High molecular weight extracted from...