There is limited knowledge about the impact of long-term feeding a high concentrate diet on rumen microbiota, metabolome and host cell functions. In this study, combination mass spectrometry-based metabolomics techniques, 454 pyrosequencing 16S rDNA genes, RT-PCR was applied to evaluate changes ruminal microbiota composition, metabolites, related genes expression in epithelial cells lactating goats received either 35% or 65% for 4 19 wks, respectively. Results show that reduced diversity led...

Purpose The mechanism underlying the decline in milk quality during periods of feeding high-concentrate diets to dairy ruminants is not well documented. aim this study was investigate metabolic changes liver that contribute input substrate precursors mammary gland after a diet lactating goats for long period. Experimental Design Eight mid-lactating with rumen cannulas were randomly assigned two groups. For 9 weeks, treatment group fed (60% concentrate dry matter, HC) and control...

In ruminants, lower ruminal pH causes massive disruption of epithelial structure during periods feeding high-concentrate diets. However, the influence excessive organic fatty acids in lumen hindgut on is unclear. this study, twelve mid-lactating goats were randomly assigned to either a HC diet group (65% concentrate dry matter; n = 6) or LC (35% for 10 weeks. The colonic was detected by HE staining and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), apoptotic status cells estimated TUNEL method...

Abstract A mucus layer coats the gastrointestinal tract and serves as first line of intestinal defense against infection. N-acyl-homoserine lactone (AHL) quorum-sensing molecules produced by gram-negative bacteria in gut can influence homeostasis epithelium. In this study, we investigated effects two representative long- short-chain AHLs, N-3-(oxododecanoyl)-homoserine (C12-HSL) N-butyryl homoserine (C4-HSL), on cell viability secretion LS174T cells. C12-HSL but not C4-HSL significantly...

This experiment aims to evaluate the effect of bile acids (BAs) in alleviating fatty liver disease induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) broilers, and modulation gut microbiota involved this process. A total 192 one-day-old Arbor Acres (AA) commercial male broilers were randomly divided into 4 groups treated with following diet: basal-fat (BFD), plus (BFD + BAs), an HFD, (HFD BAs). Bile supplemented at early growth stage (3-7 d), middle (17-21 late (31-35 d). Results showed that BAs treatment had...

Studies on the effect of a high-concentrate (HC) diet hindgut microbiota and metabolome ruminants are rarely reported. We used 454 pyrosequencing 16S rDNA genes gas chromatography–mass spectrometry to evaluate effects long-term feeding (HL) or short-term (HS) an HC changes in bacterial their metabolites hindgut, with Guanzhong goat as ruminant model. Results indicated that decreased diversity induced metabolic disorder hindgut. The levels lactate, endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide [LPS]),...

It is widely accepted that lipopolysaccharide and volatile fatty acids (VFA) accumulate in the digestive tract of ruminants fed diets containing high portions grain. Compared to ruminal epithelium, hindgut epithelium composed a monolayer structure more "leaky" for susceptible organic acid-induced damage. The aim this study was investigate changes epithelial structure, apoptosis inflammatory response goats high-concentrate diet 6 weeks.Eight local Chinese with rumen cannulas were randomly...

1. The effect of a phyto-oestrogen, daidzein, on the laying performance Shaoxing female ducks was examined in three experiments performed at different stages egg production cycle. Egg-laying rate, weight, composition, feed conversion ratio, hatchability characteristics eggs and body ovary oviduct as well changes serum concentrations T3, T4 E2 were recorded response criteria. 2. In first experiment, 68 young ducks, 100 d age, given basal diet (maize–soybean meal) with or without 3 mg...

Our previous studies demonstrated that dietary daidzein improves egg production in ducks during the late period of laying cycle. The present study was aimed to investigate effect hens, with more focus on eggshell quality. expression ER-α, GH-R, and IGF-IR mRNA shell glands determined identify target genes action reveal relationship between quality profiles gene hens. 1000 ISA at 445 days age, were allotted random two groups given basal diet or without 10 mg per kg for 9 weeks. Daidzein...

The aim of this study was to investigate changes stress status in dairy goats induced subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA). level acute phase proteins (APPs) including haptoglobin (HP) and serum amyloid A (SAA) plasma their mRNA expression liver, as well cortisol genes key factors controlling synthesis adrenal cortex were compared between SARA control goats. by feeding high concentrate diet (60% dry matter) for 3 weeks (SARA, n=6), while (Con, n=6) received a low (40% during the experimental...

Salmonella Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) is a common pathogenic microorganism and poses threat to the efficiency of poultry farms. As signaling molecules regulating interaction between host gut microbiota, bile acids (BAs) play protective role in maintaining homeostasis. However, antibacterial effect BAs on infection broilers has remained unexplored. Therefore, aim this study was investigate potential feeding protecting against S. broilers.

It is well known that feeding a high concentrate (HC) diet to lactating ruminants likely induces subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) and leads decrease in milk fat production. However, the effects of HC for long periods on fatty acids composition mechanism behind decline still remains poorly understood. The aim this study was investigate impact dairy goats yield with an emphasis mechanisms underlying depression. Seventeen mid-lactating were randomly allocated three groups. control treatment fed...

Dex is a drug commonly used as an immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory agent in humans animals. GCs have profound impact on melatonin expression biological rhythm. However, the effect of chronic exposure to secretion clock gene ruminants still unclear. Ten goats were randomly divided into two groups: control group was injected with saline, Dex-treated intramuscularly daily for 21 d 0.2 mg/kg Dex. The rhythm plasma disturbed group, colon levels lower compared (p < 0.05). leads...

Emerging evidence indicates a close relationship between gut microbiota and fatty liver disease. It has been suggested that modulation with probiotics ameliorates disease in rodents humans, yet it remains unclear whether the same results will also be obtained poultry. The aim of this study was to investigate mixture supplemented after hatching can prevent CORT-induced broilers, determine how such effects, if any, are associated hepatic de novo lipogenesis composition. Ninety-six one-day-old...

Reproduction in avian species is regulated by light, and the hypothalamus most important regulator of response to light signals. The objective this study was identify key molecules signaling pathways that regulate reproduction birds based on photoperiod. Yangzhou geese kept a closed goose barn were selected for transcriptome sequencing. program during rearing as follows: short photoperiod (light[L]: dark[D]=6.5 h:17.5 h) 60 days, followed prolonged (L:D = 11.5 h:12.5 h). Samples collected...