A5005006476- Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Diabetes Management and Research
- Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors
- Heart Failure Treatment and Management
- Hyperglycemia and glycemic control in critically ill and hospitalized patients
- Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Diabetes and associated disorders
- Pharmacology and Obesity Treatment
- Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
- Chronic Kidney Disease and Diabetes
- Cardiac Imaging and Diagnostics
- Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors
- Acute Ischemic Stroke Management
- Diabetes Management and Education
- Pituitary Gland Disorders and Treatments
- Neuroendocrine Tumor Research Advances
- Potassium and Related Disorders
- Renal Diseases and Glomerulopathies
- Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment
- Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
- Peptidase Inhibition and Analysis
- Cerebrovascular and Carotid Artery Diseases
Yale University
2016-2025
Group for the Analysis of Development
2023-2025
University of Minnesota
2024
Stratford University
2020-2024
Milken Institute
2023-2024
George Washington University
2017-2024
University of Glasgow
2020-2024
Saint Luke's Hospital
2008-2024
Brigham and Women's Hospital
2019-2024
Harvard University
2019-2024
The effects of empagliflozin, an inhibitor sodium-glucose cotransporter 2, in addition to standard care, on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality patients with type 2 diabetes at high risk are not known.We randomly assigned receive 10 mg or 25 empagliflozin placebo once daily. primary composite outcome was death from causes, nonfatal myocardial infarction, stroke, as analyzed the pooled group versus group. key secondary plus hospitalization for unstable angina.A total 7020 were treated...
In patients with type 2 diabetes, inhibitors of sodium–glucose cotransporter (SGLT2) reduce the risk a first hospitalization for heart failure, possibly through glucose-independent mechanisms. More data are needed regarding effects SGLT2 in established failure and reduced ejection fraction, regardless presence or absence diabetes.
Diabetes confers an increased risk of adverse cardiovascular and renal events. In the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial, empagliflozin, a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, reduced major events in patients with type diabetes at high for We wanted to determine long-term effects analysis that was prespecified component secondary microvascular outcome trial.We randomly assigned estimated glomerular filtration rate least 30 ml per minute 1.73 m(2) body-surface area receive either empagliflozin (at...
In 2012, the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and European for Study of (EASD) published a position statement on management hyperglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes (1,2). This was needed because an increasing array antihyperglycemic drugs growing uncertainty regarding their proper selection sequence. Because paucity comparative effectiveness research long-term treatment outcomes many these medications, 2012 publication less prescriptive than prior consensus reports. We previously...
Sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors reduce the risk of hospitalization for heart failure and cardiovascular death among patients with chronic a left ventricular ejection fraction 40% or less. Whether SGLT2 are effective in higher remains less certain.
4. Does inpatient management of hyperglycemia represent a safety concern? 5. What systems need to be in place achieve these recommendations?6.Is treatment cost-effective?7. are the optimal strategies for transition outpatient care? 8. areas future research? QUESTION 1: DOES IMPROVING GLYCEMIC CONTROL IMPROVE CLINICAL OUTCOMES FOR INPATIENTS WITHHYPERGLYCEMIA? -Hyperglycemia hospitalized patients, irrespective its cause, is unequivocally associated with adverse outcomes (5,6,18...
To examine the mechanism by which metformin lowers endogenous glucose production in type 2 diabetic patients, we studied seven subjects, with fasting hyperglycemia (15.5 +/- 1.3 mmol/l), before and after 3 months of treatment. Seven healthy matched for sex, age, BMI, served as control subjects. Rates net hepatic glycogenolysis, estimated 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, were combined estimates contributions to gluconeogenesis measured labeling blood 2H from ingested 2H2O. Glucose...
Patients with ischemic stroke or transient attack (TIA) are at increased risk for future cardiovascular events despite current preventive therapies. The identification of insulin resistance as a factor and myocardial infarction raised the possibility that pioglitazone, which improves sensitivity, might benefit patients cerebrovascular disease.
The efficacy and safety of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors such as sotagliflozin in preventing cardiovascular events patients with diabetes chronic kidney disease or without albuminuria have not been well studied.We conducted a multicenter, double-blind trial which type mellitus (glycated hemoglobin level, ≥7%), (estimated glomerular filtration rate, 25 to 60 ml per minute 1.73 m2 body-surface area), risks for were randomly assigned 1:1 ratio receive placebo. primary end point was...
The mission of the American Diabetes Association is “to prevent and cure diabetes to improve lives all people affected by diabetes.” Increasingly, scientific medical articles (1) commentaries (2) about interventions use terms “remission” “cure” as possible outcomes. Several approved or experimental treatments for type 1 2 (e.g., pancreas islet transplants, immunomodulation, bariatric/metabolic surgery) are curative intent have been portrayed in media a cure. However, defining remission not...
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the major cause of mortality and morbidity in patients with type 2 diabetes. But utility screening diabetes for asymptomatic CAD controversial.
Combination therapy is logical for patients with non-insulin-dependent (type II) diabetes mellitus, because they often have poor responses to single-drug therapy. We studied the efficacy and physiologic effects of metformin troglitazone alone in combination type II diabetes.
OBJECTIVE—To assess the prevalence and clinical predictors of silent myocardial ischemia in asymptomatic patients with type 2 diabetes to test effectiveness current American Diabetes Association screening guidelines. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—In Detection Ischemia Asymptomatic Diabetics (DIAD) study, 1,123 diabetes, aged 50–75 years, no known or suspected coronary artery disease, were randomly assigned either stress testing 5-year follow-up only. The 522 randomized was assessed by...
Insulin resistance, a major factor in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus, is due mostly to decreased stimulation glycogen synthesis muscle by insulin. The primary rate-controlling step responsible for decrease not known, although hexokinase activity and glucose transport have been implicated.
In the BI 10773 (Empagliflozin) Cardiovascular Outcome Event Trial in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients (EMPA-REG OUTCOME) trial involving 7,020 patients with type diabetes and established cardiovascular (CV) disease, empagliflozin given addition to standard of care reduced risk CV death by 38% versus placebo (hazard ratio [HR] 0.62 [95% CI 0.49, 0.77]). This exploratory mediation analysis assesses extent which treatment group differences covariates during contributed reduction...
We examined the effect of three months rosiglitazone treatment (4 mg b.i.d.) on whole-body insulin sensitivity and in vivo peripheral adipocyte as assessed by glycerol release microdialysis from subcutaneous fat during a two-step (20 120 mU · m−2 min−1) hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp nine type 2 diabetic subjects. In addition, effects liver muscle triglyceride content were 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Rosiglitazone resulted 68% (P < 0.002) 20% 0.016) improvement...
Background— The relationship between admission glucose levels and outcomes in older diabetic nondiabetic patients with acute myocardial infarction is not well defined. Methods Results— We evaluated a national sample of elderly (n=141 680) hospitalized from 1994 to 1996. Admission was analyzed as categorical (≤110, >110 140, >140 170, >170 240, >240 mg/dL) continuous variable for its association mortality without recognized diabetes. A substantial proportion hyperglycemic (eg, 26%...
Recent studies have implicated fatty acid-dependent activation of the serine kinase IKKβ, which plays a key role in tissue inflammation, pathogenesis insulin resistance. High doses salicylates recently been shown to inhibit IKKβ activity and might therefore ameliorate resistance improve glucose tolerance patients with type 2 diabetes. To test this hypothesis, we studied nine diabetic subjects before after weeks treatment aspirin (∼7 g/d). Subjects underwent mixed-meal tests...