A5103167407- Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
- Salivary Gland Disorders and Functions
- Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
- Oral Health Pathology and Treatment
- Dental Health and Care Utilization
- Dental materials and restorations
- Endodontics and Root Canal Treatments
- HIV/AIDS oral health manifestations
- X-ray Diffraction in Crystallography
- Crystallization and Solubility Studies
- Infective Endocarditis Diagnosis and Management
- Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
- Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Antimicrobial Peptides and Activities
- Dental Erosion and Treatment
- Oral and gingival health research
- Ocular Infections and Treatments
- Laser Applications in Dentistry and Medicine
- Click Chemistry and Applications
- Microbial Metabolites in Food Biotechnology
- Fluoride Effects and Removal
- Dental Research and COVID-19
- Oral health in cancer treatment
- Biosimilars and Bioanalytical Methods
GlaxoSmithKline (United Kingdom)
2013-2022
Age UK
2017
Weybridge Community Hospital
2016
Cardiff University
2015
Salisbury University
1993-2002
Defence Science and Technology Laboratory
1987-2001
Fitzsimons Army Medical Center
1994-2000
South African Medical Research Council
1987
University of the Western Cape
1987
Hôpital Cochin
1980
Current knowledge of the microbial composition dental plaque in early gingivitis is based largely on microscopy and cultural methods, which do not provide a comprehensive description oral communities. This study used 454-pyrosequencing V1–V3 region 16S rRNA genes (approximately 500 bp), bacterial culture, to characterize during transition from periodontal health gingivitis. A total 20 healthy volunteers abstained hygiene for two weeks, allowing accumulate develop. Plaque samples were...
Coaggregation is a well-characterized phenomenon by which specific pairs of oral bacteria interact physically. The aim this study was to examine the patterns coaggregation between obligately anaerobic and oxygen-tolerant species that coexist in model microbial community. Obligate anaerobes other than Fusobacterium nucleatum coaggregated only poorly with species. In contrast, F. able coaggregate not both but also otherwise-noncoaggregating obligate anaerobe-oxygen-tolerant pairs. effects...
ABSTRACT Deep microbial biofilms are a major problem in many industrial, environmental, and medical settings. Novel approaches needed to understand the structure metabolism of these biofilms. Two-photon excitation microscopy (TPE) conventional confocal laser scanning (CLSM) were compared quantitatively for ability visualize bacteria within deep vitro pH gradients determined by fluorescence lifetime imaging, together with TPE. A constant-depth film fermentor (CDFF) was inoculated 8 h at 50 ml...
Previously, a mixed culture chemostat system was used to demonstrate that the pH generated from carbohydrate metabolism, rather than availability per se, responsible for shifts observed in oral microflora which are associated with high diets and development of dental caries. The aim this study determine more accurately microbially at such occurred. Nine bacteria were grown three independent chemostats, pulsed glucose on 10 consecutive days. In one chemostat, control discontinued 6 h, fall...
Hog gastric mucin has been used as a model glycoprotein to determine the role of particular glycosidases produced by different oral bacteria in development stable, diverse microbial communities. The patterns glycosidase and protease activity were determined pure cultures ten representative species using synthetic substrates. A five-member mixed culture was established chemostat, comprising with minimal activity, which hog major carbon energy source. Introduction additional novel enzyme...
A mixed culture chemostat system was used to distinguish between the effects of carbohydrate availability per se and low pH generated from metabolism on proportions bacteria within microbial communities. Nine oral were grown at 7 pulsed with glucose ten consecutive days. In one chemostat, maintained automatically throughout experimental period, while in other, control discontinued for six hours after each pulse. Glucose pulses neutral had little effect composition microflora. Only A....
Abstract Purpose Recent studies have established a relationship between dental plaque and pulmonary infection, particularly in elderly individuals. Given that approximately one five adults the UK currently wears denture, there remains gap our understanding of direct implications denture on systemic health. The aim this study was to undertake comprehensive evaluation putative respiratory pathogens residing upon dentures using targeted quantitative molecular approach. Materials Methods One...
Objectives The composition of dental plaque has been well defined, whereas currently there is limited understanding the denture and how it directly influences related stomatitis (DS). aims this study were to compare microbiomes wearers, understand implications these towards inter-kingdom host-pathogen interactions within oral cavity. Methods Swab samples obtained from 123 participants wearing either a complete or partial denture; bacterial each sample was determined using bar-coded illumina...
Statement of problemRegular cleaning dentures is essential to the oral and general health denture wearers. Only limited systematic data are available on recommendations that dental care professionals (DHCPs) make patients for cleaning. Data wearers’ regimens also lacking.PurposeThe purpose this study was provide DHCPs wearers.Material methodsDHCPs (n=613), including dentists hygienists, were surveyed in developed (Japan, USA, Italy) developing (Brazil, India) countries. A questionnaire...
The effect of aeration on the development a defined biofilm consortium oral bacteria was investigated in two-stage chemostat system. An inoculum comprising 10 species, including both facultatively anaerobic and obligately bacteria, species associated with health disease, inoculated into an first-stage vessel. effluent from this linked to aerated [200 ml CO 2 /air (5:95, v/v) min –1 ] second-stage vessel, which removable hydroxyapatite discs were inserted allow formation. Comparisons made...
This study examined the influence of bacteria on virulence and pathogenicity candidal biofilms. Mature biofilms (Candida albicans-only, bacteria-only, C. albicans with bacteria) were generated acrylic either analysed directly, or used to infect a reconstituted human oral epithelium (RHOE). Analyses included Candida hyphae enumeration assessment gene expression. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity tissue invasion following biofilm infection RHOE also measured. more prevalent (p < 0.05) in...
Abstract The global burden of antibiotic resistance is tremendous and, without new anti-infective strategies, will continue to increase in the coming decades. Despite growing need for antibiotics, few pharmaceutical companies today retain active antibacterial drug discovery programmes. One reason that it scientifically challenging discover antibiotics are against antibiotic-resistant bacteria current clinical concern. However, main hurdle diminishing economic incentives. Increased calls...
In vitro analyses of virulence, pathogenicity and associated host cell responses are important components in the study biofilm infections. The Candida-related infection, denture-associated oral candidosis, affects up to 60 % denture wearers manifests as inflammation palatal tissues contacting denture-fitting surface. Commercially available three-dimensional tissue models can be used but their use is limited for many academic research institutions, primarily because substantial purchase...
Antimicrobial effects of fluoride in vivo remain contentious. Previous studies suggested that 1 mM NaF reduced acid production from glucose, and prevented the enrichment bacteria associated with caries a chemostat model. The present study examines lower concentration (0.53 mM, 10 ppm NaF) both biofilm planktonic microbial communities. Nine oral species were grown at pH 7.0 pulsed on successive days glucose; bacterial metabolism was allowed to reduce for 6 h before being returned neutrality,...
Previously, we developed a chemostat system to study the behaviour and properties of community up 10 species oral bacteria. The present describes modification this incorporate removable replaceable hydroxyapatite (the major mineral in human dental enamel) disks on which biofilms could develop. Hydroxyapatite were immersed for known time periods, bacterial content determined by viable counting. Initial deposition rates rapid, with all detected after 1 h, numbers bacteria continued increase 21...
Background and Objective Different bacteria differentially stimulate epithelial cells. Biofilm composition viability are likely to influence the response. In vitro model systems commonly used investigate periodontitis‐associated their interactions with host; therefore, understanding factors that biofilm–cell is essential. The present study aimed develop in monospecies multispecies biofilms response these biofilms. Material Methods Bacterial were cultured then either live or methanol‐fixed...
Purpose Polymicrobial biofilms are abundant in clinical disease, particularly within the oral cavity. Creating complex biofilm models that recapitulate polymicrobiality of disease important development new chemotherapeutic agents. In order to do this accurately we require ability undertake compositional analysis, addition determine individual cell viability, which is difficult using conventional microbiology. The aim study was develop a defined multispecies denture model vitro, and assess...
Objective: Robust scientific and clinical evidence of how to appropriately manage denture plaque is lacking. This two-part study (i) developed an in vitro model removal, (ii) assessed effectiveness these approaches a randomised trial.Method: complex was using the dominant microbial genera from recent microbiome analyses. Biofilms formed on polymethylmethacrylate were brushed daily with wet toothbrush, then either treated for 5 days or only Days 1 Polident® cleanser tablets (3 min soaking)....
Abstract The gingival epithelium is a physical and immunological barrier to the microbiota of oral cavity, which interact through soluble mediators with immune cells that patrol tissue at epithelium. We sought develop three-dimensional gingivae-biofilm interface model using commercially available study inflammatory response biofilms associated “health”, “gingivitis” “periodontitis”. These were developed by sequential addition microorganisms mimic formation supra- sub-gingival plaque in vivo...