We evaluated the effects of swimming and anabolic steroids (AS) on ventricular function, collagen synthesis, local renin-angiotensin system in rats. Male Wistar rats were randomized into control (C), steroid (S; nandrolone decanoate; 5 mg/kg sc, 2x/wk), + losartan (SL; 20 mg.kg(-1).day(-1)), trained (T), (T+S), (T+SL; n = 14/group) groups. Swimming was performed times/wk for 10 wk. Serum testosterone increased S T+S. Resting heart rate lower T Percent change left (LV) weight-to-body weight...

Objective Obesity and renin angiotensin system (RAS) hyperactivity are profoundly involved in cardiovascular diseases, however aerobic exercise training (EXT) can prevent obesity cardiac RAS activation. The study hypothesis was to investigate whether its association with EXT alter the systemic components an obese Zucker rat strain. Methods rats were divided into following groups: Lean (LZR); lean plus (LZR+EXT); (OZR) (OZR+EXT). consisted of 10 weeks 60-min swimming sessions, 5 days/week. At...

Resisted sprint training consists of performing overloaded sprints, which may produce greater effects than traditional training. We compared a resisted with overload control versus an unresisted program on performance in soccer players. Eighteen elite athletes were randomly assigned to (RST) or protocol (UR). Before and after 6-week period, sprinting ability, change direction speed (COD), vertical jumps (SJ CMJ), mean power (MP) propulsive (MPP) at distinct loads assessed. Both groups...

Session rating of perceived exertion (SRPE) is a practical method to assess internal training load provide appropriate stimuli. However, coaches and athletes might rate sessions differently, which can impair performance development. In addition, SRPE be influenced by athletes' experience. The authors studied 160 swimmers different age groups competitive swimming experience 9 coaches. was indicated the 30 min after end session before Training-session intensities were classified into easy...

The aim of this study is to analyse the influence performance level, age and gender on pacing during a 100-km ultramarathon. Results race incorporating World Masters Championships were used identify differences in relative speeds each 10-km segment between participants finishing first, second, third fourth quartiles overall positions (Groups 1, 2, 3 4, respectively). Similar analyses performed top bottom 50% finishers category, as well within male female categories. Pacing varied athletes...

Purpose: To assess swimmers’ session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE) after standardized sets interval swimming training performed at the same relative intensity but with different total volume and repetition distance. Methods: Thirteen moderately trained swimmers (21.1 ± 1.1 y, 178 6 cm, 74.1 8.3 kg, 100-m freestyle 60.2 2.9 s) 4 (10 × 100-m, 20 10 200-m, 5 400-m) (ie, critical speed), 1 coach (age 31 7 y coaching experience) rated their efforts. Swimmers’ sRPE was assessed 30 min...

A number of theoretical models have been proposed in recent years to explain pacing strategies observed individual competitive endurance events. These typically related the internal regulatory processes that inform making decisions relating muscular work rate. Despite a substantial body research which has investigated influence collective group dynamics on behaviors various animal species, this issue not comprehensively studied athletic This is somewhat surprising given athletes often...

Cardiac aldosterone might be involved in the deleterious effects of nandrolone decanoate (ND) on heart. Therefore, we investigated involvement cardiac aldosterone, by pharmacological block AT1 or mineralocorticoid receptors, hypertrophy and fibrosis.Male Wistar rats were randomized into eight groups (n = 14 per group): Control (C), (ND), trained (T), ND (TND), + losartan (ND L), (TND spironolactone S), S). (10 mg·kg(-1)·wk(-1)) was administered during 10 wk swimming training (five times...

Concurrent training (i.e., combination of endurance with strength training) may result in negative interference on performance. Moreover, there are indications that the magnitude this is dependent exercise mode. Thus, study aimed to verify acute effects previous running and cycling After determination maximum intensity reached (Imax) during treadmill cycle ergometer pedaling half-squat (1 repetition [1RM]), 10 physically active men were submitted 3 experimental conditions: control condition...

The aim of this study was to compare the acute effects performing half squats (HSs) with different loading intensities (1, 3, and 5 repetitions maximum [RM], 60% 1RM) a number sets 2, 3) on countermovement jump (CMJ) performance 18 highly-trained male subjects. Participants were submitted four experimental conditions (1RM, 3RM, 5RM, in randomized order. CMJ assessed before after each set. Differences between distinct individual responses induced by protocols analyzed via magnitude-based...

Abstract do Carmo, EC, De Souza, EO, Roschel, H, Kobal, R, Ramos, Gil, S, and Tricoli, V. Self-selected rest interval improves vertical jump postactivation potentiation. J Strength Cond Res 35(1): 91–96, 2021—This study compared the effects of self-selected (SSRI) fixed (FRI) strategies on potentiation (PAP) in countermovement (CMJ) performance. Twelve strength-trained men (age: 25.4 ± 3.6 years; body mass: 78.8 10.5 kg; height: 175 7.0 cm; half-squat 1 repetition maximum: 188.7 33.4 kg)...

Purpose: This study examined the relationships between Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test level 1 (Yo-Yo IR1) and resting heart rate variability (HRV) submaximal 5'-5' test derived measures in novice male soccer players. Methods: Forty players (11.54 ± 0.58 years) from a academy participated this study, performing physical tests on two different days, separated by 48 h, as follows: (day 1) HRV IR1 test, 2) anthropometric assessments (for peak height velocity assessment [PHV]) test. The Pearson...

Abstract The aim of this study was to compare the acute effects performing half squats (HSs) with different loading intensities (1, 3, and 5 repetitions maximum [RM], 60% 1RM) a number sets 2, 3) on countermovement jump (CMJ) performance 18 highly-trained male subjects. Participants were submitted four experimental conditions (1RM, 3RM, 5RM, in randomized order. CMJ assessed before after each set. Differences between distinct individual responses induced by protocols analyzed via...

The aim of this study was to verify the concurrent validity and biological error-free reliability a novel low-cost commercial encoder (Ergonauta I). Validity protocol involved comparisons with custom system other commercially available (Vitruve). Reliability protocols interdevices interunit comparisons. No participants were recruited, assessments performed in Smith Machine by bar free fall tests. Our results showed significant bias for mean velocity (MV) estimated both encoders only one four...

The purpose of this study was to compare and characterize the physical demand official matches among under-17 (U-17), under-20 (U-20), professional (Pro) female soccer players. All were from U-17, U-20, Pro National Brazilian Championships. Fourteen matches, nine U-20 four U-17 analyzed. external load measured by global positioning system (GPS) internal workload assessed ratings perceived exertion (RPE) multiplied duration match. activity profiles total distance covered (km), sprint (m)...

INTRODUÇÃO: O esteroide anabolizante (EA) associado ao treinamento físico induz mudança da hipertrofia cardíaca (HC) fisiológica para patológica. Entretanto, esses trabalhos foram realizados com atletas de força, sendo os efeitos do EA associados aeróbio poucos conhecidos. Com isso, o objetivo estudo foi avaliar e dos sobre a estrutura função cardíaca. MÉTODOS: Foram utilizados 28 ratos Wistar divididos em quatro grupos: sedentários controle (SC), (SA), treinados (TC) treinado (TA)....

We investigated the effects of different performance goals (best time vs. beat opponent) on pacing behaviour during a 10-km cycling race and explored influence level opponents ratings perceived exertion (RPE), affective feelings self-efficacy. Thirteen cyclists performed two time-trials (TT) races against faster (FAST +6%) or slower (SLOW -3%) virtual opponent. Power output (PO), RPE, self-efficacy were recorded at each kilometre point. Race average phases [starting (P1 = first kilometre);...

A estratégia de corrida tem sido apontada como um fator decisivo para o sucesso do atleta. Durante corridas média e longa duração, a melhor será aquela capaz poupar as "reservas fisiológicas", permitindo ao atleta terminar prova no menor tempo possível. O controle da parece ser influenciado por fatores fisiológicos psicológicos, que são ajustados constantemente durante corrida, determinar intensidade esforço. Diversas variáveis fisiológicas têm relacionadas aos ajustes entanto, os resultados...

INTRODUÇÃO: Os efeitos dos esteroides anabolizantes (EA) sobre a massa muscular e força são controversos dependentes do treinamento realizado das fibras musculares recrutadas. Com isso, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os da associação de EA ao ou aeróbio hipertrofia muscular. MÉTODOS: Ratos Wistar (42) foram divididos em seis grupos: sedentário (SC, n = 7), anabolizante (SA, treinado natação controle (TNC, (TNA, (TFC, 7) (TFA, 7). O administrado duas vezes por semana (10mg/kg/semana)....

Athletes frequently use anabolic steroids in order to improve their physical performance. However, indiscriminate and abusive by recreational activity practitioners has also been growing with the aim of improving appearance. These users are used high doses this might induce serious deleterious effects, such as cardiovascular damages. Thus, it an important public health problem. Therefore, present review intends arouse interest among readers education teachers regarding dangerous effects on system.

O treinamento físico (TF) aeróbio tem sido utilizado como um importante tratamento não farmacológico na hipertensão arterial (HA), uma vez que ele reduz a pressão arterial. Estudos mostram as anormalidades do músculo esquelético HA estão associados à rarefação capilar, aumento porcentagem de fibras contração rápida (tipo II), com predominância metabolismo glicolítico e da fadiga muscular. Entretanto, pouco se conhece sobre os efeitos TF estes parâmetros HA. Nós hipotetizamos o corrija...

To verify the affective feelings (AFs) and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) responses during a 10-km competitive head-to-head (HTH) running race compare them with time-trial (TT) race.Fourteen male runners completed 2 × runs (TT HTH) on different days. Speed, RPE, AF were measured every 400 m. For pacing analysis, races divided into following 4 stages: first m (F400), 401-5000 (M1), 5001-9600 (M2), last (final sprint).Improvement performance was observed (39:32 [02:41] min:s vs 40:28...

The effects of plyometric training (PT) on middle- and long-distance running performances are well established. However, its influence pacing behaviour is still unclear. aim this study was to evaluate the PT behaviour. In addition, verify whether adaptations induced by would change ratings perceived exertion (RPE) and/or affective feelings during race. Twenty-eight male runners were assigned two groups: control (C) PT. held weekly sessions for eight weeks. Drop jump (DJ) performance, 10-km...